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PMR-D11274 Turkey, Lycian coast: Dash and Dot Goatfish (Parupeneus barberinus) with other unidentified fishes. Keywords: fish, marine life, Mediterranean, nature, sea life, shore, snorkeling, underwater
PMR-D11273 Turkey, Lycian coast: red sea anemones. Keywords: marine life, Mediterranean, nature, sea life, shore, snorkeling, underwater
PMR-D11272 Turkey, Lycian coast: male Ornate Wrasse (Turkish Wrasse) (Meerpfau) (Thalassoma pavo). Keywords: fish, marine life, Mediterranean, nature, sea life, shore, snorkeling, underwater
PMR-D11271 Turkey, Lycian coast: male Ornate Wrasse (Turkish Wrasse) (Meerpfau) (Thalassoma pavo) with juvenile female. Keywords: fish, marine life, Mediterranean, nature, sea life, shore, snorkeling, underwater
PMR-D11270 Turkey, Lycian coast: male Ornate Wrasse (Turkish Wrasse) (Meerpfau) (Thalassoma pavo). Keywords: fish, marine life, Mediterranean, nature, sea life, shore, snorkeling, underwater
PMR-D11269 Turkey, Lycian coast: Sea Cucumber (Seegurke) (Synaptula reciprocans) Keywords: marine life, Mediterranean, nature, sea life, shore, snorkeling, underwater
PMR-D11268 Turkey, Lycian coast: unidentified striped fish. Keywords: marine life, Mediterranean, nature, sea life, shore, snorkeling, underwater
PMR-D11267 Turkey, Lycian coast: White Seabream (Grosse Geiss-Brasse) (Diplodus sargus). Keywords: fish, marine life, Mediterranean, nature, sea life, shore, snorkeling, underwater
PMR-D11266 Turkey, Lycian coast: Long-spined Sea Urchin (Diadema setosum). Keywords: marine life, Mediterranean, nature, sea life, shore, snorkeling, underwater
PMR-D11265 Turkey, Lycian coast: Dash and Dot Goatfish (Strichpunkt Meerbarbe) (Parupeneus barberinus). Keywords: fish, marine life, Mediterranean, nature, sea life, shore, snorkeling, underwater
PMR-D11264 Turkey, Lycian coast: Bluespotted Cornetfish (Glatter Floetenfisch) (Fistularia commersonii). Keywords: fish, marine life, Mediterranean, nature, sea life, shore, snorkeling, underwater
PMR-D11263 Turkey, Lycian coast: a shoal of unidentified small fish. Keywords: fish, marine life, Mediterranean, nature, sea life, shore, snorkeling, underwater
PMR-D11262 Turkey, Lycian coast: a shoal of unidentified small fish. Keywords: fish, marine life, Mediterranean, nature, sea life, shore, snorkeling, underwater
PMR-D11250 Turkey, Lycia, Patara: formerly a major city of the Lycian League due to its outstanding port, has been ruled by Hittites, Persians, Egyptians, Greeks and Romans et al. since the 7th century BC. Birthplace of St. Nicholas (Santa Claus). Due to the silting-up of the harbour the city was finally deserted by 1340. This picture: the Roman lighthouse (built 60 AD), under reconstruction on its old foundations. Originally 26m high it was destroyed by an earthquake/tsunami. Keywords: archeology, architecture, Arsinoe, culture, heritage, historic, masonry, ruined city, Termilae, Tremilae, Xanthos Valley
PMR-D11249 Turkey, Lycia, Patara: formerly a major city of the Lycian League due to its outstanding port, has been ruled by Hittites, Persians, Egyptians, Greeks and Romans et al. since the 7th century BC. Birthplace of St. Nicholas (Santa Claus). Due to the silting-up of the harbour the city was finally deserted by 1340. This picture: the almost perfectly preserved Arch of Mettias Medustus (100 AD) which was the north gate to the city. Keywords: archeology, architecture, Arsinoe, culture, heritage, historic, masonry, ruined city, Termilae, Tremilae, Xanthos Valley
PMR-D11248 Turkey, Lycia, Patara: formerly a major city of the Lycian League due to its outstanding port, has been ruled by Hittites, Persians, Egyptians, Greeks and Romans et al. since the 7th century BC. Birthplace of St. Nicholas (Santa Claus). Due to the silting-up of the harbour the city was finally deserted by 1340. This picture: the main street which connects the harbour to the Agora and is lined with Ionic columns, granite on the east and marble on the west. Keywords: archeology, architecture, Arsinoe, culture, heritage, historic, masonry, ruined city, Termilae, Tremilae, Xanthos Valley
PMR-D11246 Turkey, Lycia, Patara: formerly a major city of the Lycian League due to its outstanding port, has been ruled by Hittites, Persians, Egyptians, Greeks and Romans et al. since the 7th century BC. Birthplace of St. Nicholas (Santa Claus). Due to the silting-up of the harbour the city was finally deserted by 1340. This picture: the cavea of the Bouleuterion or Prytaneion, which held 1400 people. Keywords: archeology, architecture, Arsinoe, culture, heritage, historic, masonry, ruined city, Termilae, Tremilae, Xanthos Valley
PMR-D11245 Turkey, Lycia, Patara: formerly a major city of the Lycian League due to its outstanding port, has been ruled by Hittites, Persians, Egyptians, Greeks and Romans et al. since the 7th century BC. Birthplace of St. Nicholas (Santa Claus). Due to the silting-up of the harbour the city was finally deserted by 1340. This picture: the well-preserved amphitheatre was rebuilt by Antoninus Pius in 147 AD after an earthquake. It held ca. 6000 spectators. Keywords: archeology, architecture, Arsinoe, culture, heritage, historic, masonry, ruined city, Termilae, Tremilae, Xanthos Valley
PMR-D11244 Turkey, Lycia, Patara: formerly a major city of the Lycian League due to its outstanding port, has been ruled by Hittites, Persians, Egyptians, Greeks and Romans et al. since the 7th century BC. Birthplace of St. Nicholas (Santa Claus). Due to the silting-up of the harbour the city was finally deserted by 1340. This picture: the well-preserved amphitheatre was rebuilt by Antoninus Pius in 147 AD after an earthquake. It held ca. 6000 spectators. Keywords: archeology, architecture, Arsinoe, culture, heritage, historic, masonry, ruined city, Termilae, Tremilae, Xanthos Valley
PMR-D11243 Turkey, Lycia, Patara: formerly a major city of the Lycian League due to its outstanding port, has been ruled by Hittites, Persians, Egyptians, Greeks and Romans et al. since the 7th century BC. Birthplace of St. Nicholas (Santa Claus). Due to the silting-up of the harbour the city was finally deserted by 1340. This picture: the well-preserved amphitheatre was rebuilt by Antoninus Pius in 147 AD after an earthquake. It held ca. 6000 spectators. Keywords: archeology, architecture, Arsinoe, culture, heritage, historic, masonry, ruined city, Termilae, Tremilae, Xanthos Valley
PMR-D11242 Turkey, Lycia, Patara: formerly a major city of the Lycian League due to its outstanding port, has been ruled by Hittites, Persians, Egyptians, Greeks and Romans et al. since the 7th century BC. Birthplace of St. Nicholas (Santa Claus). Due to the silting-up of the harbour the city was finally deserted by 1340. This picture: the Bouleuterion or Prytaneion, the assembly hall of the Lycian League (1st century BC). Keywords: archeology, architecture, Arsinoe, culture, heritage, historic, masonry, ruined city, Termilae, Tremilae, Xanthos Valley
pMR-D11239 Turkey, Lycia, Simena: the mediaeval crusader castle with swallowtail castellations on its well preserved walls was built for the Order of the Knights of St. John on the site of the ancient Lycian town of Simena. It dominates the present Turkish village of Kalekoy which can only be reached by boat or on foot. Keywords: castle, culture, defence, fortifications, fortress, heritage, historic, picturesque
PMR-D11237 Turkey, Lycia, Simena: The former Greek coastal village of Simena (Turkish: Kalekoy) can only be reached from the sea - there are no roads connecting it to the hinterland, so development is limited, and little has changed since the Greeks left in 1922. About 200 people live here permanently. Crowning the village is a mediaeval fortress, and scattered around the village are numerous Lycian stone sarcophagi. Keywords: castle, colourful, culture, heritage, historic, picturesque
PMR-D11235 Turkey, Lycia, Simena: The former Greek coastal village of Simena (Turkish: Kalekoy) can only be reached from the sea - there are no roads connecting it to the hinterland, so development is limited, and little has changed since the Greeks left in 1922. About 200 people live here permanently. Crowning the village is a mediaeval fortress, and scattered around the village are numerous Lycian stone sarcophagi. Keywords: castle, colourful, culture, heritage, historic, picturesque
PMR-D11234 Turkey, Lycia, Simena: The former Greek coastal village of Simena (Turkish: Kalekoy) can only be reached from the sea - there are no roads connecting it to the hinterland, so development is limited, and little has changed since the Greeks left in 1922. About 200 people live here permanently. Crowning the village is a mediaeval fortress, and scattered around the village are numerous Lycian stone sarcophagi. Keywords: castle, colourful, culture, heritage, historic, picturesque
PMR-D11194 Turkey, Antalya, Lycia, Kalkan: another vault-shaped Lycian sarcophagus dating from the 4th century BC standing in the centre of the town. Keywords: antiquity, archeology, burial, culture, grave, heritage, historic
PMR-D11175 Turkey, Lycia, Pinara: a typical vault-shaped, stone sarcophagus of the Lycians, many of which dot the landscape. Keywords: antique, archeology, architecture, culture, heritage, historic, Mediterranean
PMR-D11174 Turkey, Lycia, Pinara: the amphitheatre of the ancient city, dates from the time of the Lycian League, and has 27 rows of seats. Unrestored, it remains in good condition. Keywords: antique, archeology, architecture, culture, geology, heritage, historic, Mediterranean
PMR-D11173 Turkey, Lycia, Pinara: the amphitheatre of the ancient city, dates from the time of the Lycian League, and has 27 rows of seats. Unrestored, it remains in good condition. Keywords: antique, archeology, architecture, culture, geology, heritage, historic, Mediterranean
PMR-D11172 Turkey, Lycia, Pinara: the amphitheatre of the ancient city, dates from the time of the Lycian League, and has 27 rows of seats. Unrestored, it remains in good condition. Keywords: antique, archeology, architecture, culture, geology, heritage, historic, Mediterranean
PMR-D11167 Turkey, Lycia, Fethiye: ancient rock tombs, carved out of the cliffs by Lycians, dating back to the 4th century BC. All have been plundered and many used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Keywords: archeology, architecture, burial chambers, culture, geology, heritage, historic, Mediterranean
PMR-D11166 Turkey, Lycia, Fethiye: ancient rock tombs, carved out of the cliffs by Lycians. The largest, the Tomb of Amyntas (shown here), in the style of a Greek Ionic temple, with highly decorated sham stone door, dates back to the 4th century BC. All have been plundered and many used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Keywords: archeology, architecture, burial chambers, culture, geology, heritage, historic, Mediterranean
PMR-D11163 Turkey, Lycia, Fethiye: this vault-shaped Lycian sarcophagus dated from the 4th century BC. Carved from local limestone, it is the largest example of its kind, and stands in its original position. Keywords: antiquity, archeology, burial, culture, grave, heritage, historic
PMR290-10 Turkey, Myra: Lycian tombs carved into the cliff, dating back to the 4th century BC, later used as living quarters by Byzantines. Adjacent to the ancient town where St. Nicholas was bishop and now lies buried. Keywords: ancient, historic, heritage, antiquity, archeology, architecture, culture, necropolis
PMR290-09 Turkey, Myra: Lycian tombs carved into the cliff, dating back to the 4th century BC, later used as living quarters by Byzantines. Adjacent to the ancient town where St. Nicholas was bishop and now lies buried. Keywords: ancient, historic, heritage, antiquity, archeology, architecture, culture, necropolis
PMR071K-05 Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: the remains of shopping units on the "Commercial Agora". Keywords: Greek ruins, towns of antiquity, excavations, archeology, Lycians, Graeco-Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman ruins, Roman ruins, Lycia
PMR071K-04 Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: view of the sports stadium from the east, showing the three seating terraces. Keywords: Greek ruins, Roman ruins, Graeco-Roman ruins, Graeco-Roman architecture, Lycians, archeology, excavations, towns of antiquity, Lycia
PMR071K-03 Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: the Graeco-Roman amphitheatre showing the orchestra and ruined stage buildings. Keywords: Greek ruins, Roman ruins, Graeco-Roman ruins, Graeco-Roman architecture, Lycians, archeology, excavations, towns of antiquity, Lycia
PMR071K-02 Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: modern simulation of a race on the running track! Keywords: Greek ruins, towns of antiquity, excavations, archeology, Lycians, Graeco-Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman ruins, Roman ruins, Lycia
PMR071K-01 Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: the Graeco-Roman sports stadium with seating terraces on the left. Keywords: Greek ruins, towns of antiquity, excavations, archeology, Lycians, Graeco-Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman ruins, Roman ruins, Lycia
PMR070K-36 Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: view of the Scaene (stage building) of the amphitheatre, which is from the late Hellenic period. Keywords: Greek ruins, towns of antiquity, excavations, archeology, Lycians, Graeco-Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman ruins, Roman ruins, Lycia
PMR070K-35 Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: the typically Greek, horseshoe-shaped amphitheatre with 20 rows of seats. It enjoys excellent acoustics and views of the landscape. Keywords: Greek ruins, Lycia, Roman ruins, Graeco-Roman ruins, Graeco-Roman architecture, Lycians, archeology, excavations, towns of antiquity
PMR070K-34 Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: the central stage entrance doorway to the amphitheatre. Keywords: Greek ruins, towns of antiquity, excavations, archeology, Lycians, Graeco-Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman ruins, Roman ruins, Lycia
PMR070K-33 Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: the Odeon (concert and meeting hall) is accessed by three arched doorways from the Agora. Keywords: Greek ruins, towns of antiquity, excavations, archeology, Lycians, Graeco-Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman ruins, Roman ruins, Lycia
PMR070K-32 Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: the retaining wall of the Agora, showing the skill with which irregular stones were fitted together. Keywords: Greek ruins, towns of antiquity, excavations, archeology, Lycians, Graeco-Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman ruins, Roman ruins, Lycia
PMR070K-29 Turkey, Lycia, Myra: The ancient city of Myra, founded in the 5th century BC, was the leading city of Lycia. The principal interest today is the collection of rock tombs, built into the cliffs, with elaborate temple-like facades, dating from the 4th century BC. All the tombs have been plundered and many were used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Myra was a flourishing city under the Romans, as evidenced by the substantial Roman theatre. Here: fragments of fine stone carving which once adorned the amphitheatre. Keywords: rock burials, excavations, archeology, Lycians, caves, Roman architecture, Lycia
PMR070K-28 Turkey, Lycia, Myra: The ancient city of Myra, founded in the 5th century BC, was the leading city of Lycia. The principal interest today is the collection of rock tombs, built into the cliffs, with elaborate temple-like facades, dating from the 4th century BC. All the tombs have been plundered and many were used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Myra was a flourishing city under the Romans, as evidenced by the substantial Roman theatre. Here: some of the rock tombs in the cliffs, high above the amphitheatre. Keywords: rock burials, Roman architecture, caves, Lycians, archeology, excavations, Lycia
PMR070K-27 Turkey, Lycia, Myra: The ancient city of Myra, founded in the 5th century BC, was the leading city of Lycia. The principal interest today is the collection of rock tombs, built into the cliffs, with elaborate temple-like facades, dating from the 4th century BC. All the tombs have been plundered and many were used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Myra was a flourishing city under the Romans. Here: the substantial amphitheatre is witness to the prosperity of the town in Roman Imperial days. Keywords: rock burials, Roman architecture, caves, Lycians, archeology, excavations, Lycia
PMR070K-26 Turkey, Lycia, Myra: The ancient city of Myra, founded in the 5th century BC, was the leading city of Lycia. The principal interest today is the collection of rock tombs, built into the cliffs, with elaborate temple-like facades, dating from the 4th century BC. All the tombs have been plundered and many were used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Myra was a flourishing city under the Romans, as evidenced by the substantial Roman theatre. Here: closer view of a tomb built into the cliff, with carved figures on the architrave. Keywords: rock burials, Lycia, Roman architecture, caves, Lycians, archeology, excavations
PMR070K-25 Turkey, Lycia, Myra: The ancient city of Myra, founded in the 5th century BC, was the leading city of Lycia. The principal interest today is the collection of rock tombs, built into the cliffs, with elaborate temple-like facades, dating from the 4th century BC. All the tombs have been plundered and many were used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Myra was a flourishing city under the Romans, as evidenced by the substantial Roman theatre. Here: a free-standing tomb, with plundered tombs built into the cliff, below. Keywords: rock burials, Lycia, Roman architecture, caves, Lycians, archeology, excavations
PMR070K-24 Turkey, Lycia, Myra: The ancient city of Myra, founded in the 5th century BC, was the leading city of Lycia. The principal interest today is the collection of rock tombs, built into the cliffs, with elaborate temple-like facades, dating from the 4th century BC. All the tombs have been plundered and many were used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Myra was a flourishing city under the Romans, as evidenced by the substantial Roman theatre. Here: general extent of the rock tombs. Keywords: rock burials, Lycia, excavations, archeology, Lycians, caves, Roman architecture
PMR070K-23 Turkey, Lycia, Myra: The ancient city of Myra, founded in the 5th century BC, was the leading city of Lycia. The principal interest today is the collection of rock tombs, built into the cliffs, with elaborate temple-like facades, dating from the 4th century BC. All the tombs have been plundered and many were used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Myra was a flourishing city under the Romans, as evidenced by the substantial Roman theatre. Here: stone masks from the amphitheatre, with modern augmentation! The rock tombs are visible in the background. Keywords: rock burials, Lycia, Roman architecture, caves, Lycians, archeology, excavations
PMR070K-22 Turkey, Lycia, Simena: The former Greek coastal village of Simena can only be reached from the sea - there are no roads connecting it to the hinterland, so development is limited, and little has changed since the Greeks left in 1922. About 200 people live here permanently. Crowning the village is a mediaeval fortress, and scattered around the village are numerous Lycian stone sarcophagi. Here: view of the harbour and moorings from the fortress on the hill. Keywords: historical ruins, ruined fortress, sarcophagus, Byzantine fortifications, excavations, archeology, Lycia
PMR070K-21 Turkey, Lycia, Simena: The former Greek coastal village of Simena can only be reached from the sea - there are no roads connecting it to the hinterland, so development is limited, and little has changed since the Greeks left in 1922. About 200 people live here permanently. Crowning the village is a mediaeval fortress, and scattered around the village are numerous Lycian stone sarcophagi. Here: ladies of the settlement preparing their sales onslought on the next group of visitors. Keywords: historical ruins, archeology, excavations, Byzantine fortifications, sarcophagus, ruined fortress, Lycia
PMR070K-20 The former Greek coastal village of Simena can only be reached from the sea - there are no roads connecting it to the hinterland, so development is limited, and little has changed since the Greeks left in 1922. About 200 people live here permanently. Crowning the village is a mediaeval fortress, and scattered around the village are numerous Lycian stone sarcophagi. Here: visitors being enlightened on the history of the fortress. Keywords: historical ruins, Lycia, ruined fortress, sarcophagus, Byzantine fortifications, excavations, archeology
PMR070K-19 Turkey, Lycia, Simena: The former Greek coastal village of Simena can only be reached from the sea - there are no roads connecting it to the hinterland, so development is limited, and little has changed since the Greeks left in 1922. About 200 people live here permanently. Crowning the village is a mediaeval fortress, and scattered around the village are numerous Lycian stone sarcophagi. Here: view of the settlement with fortress and quay from the sea. Keywords: historical ruins, Lycia, ruined fortress, sarcophagus, Byzantine fortifications, excavations, archeology
PMR070K-18 Turkey, Lycia, Simena: The former Greek coastal village of Simena can only be reached from the sea - there are no roads connecting it to the hinterland, so development is limited, and little has changed since the Greeks left in 1922. About 200 people live here permanently. Crowning the village is a mediaeval fortress, and scattered around the village are numerous Lycian stone sarcophagi. Here: approaching the settlement with its crowning fortress from the sea. Keywords: historical ruins, Lycia, ruined fortress, sarcophagus, Byzantine fortifications, excavations, archeology
PMR070K-11 Turkey, Lacia, Kas: Antiphellos amphitheatre in Kas has just 25 well-preserved rows of seats but dates back to the first century BC. Keywords: Greek ruins, towns of antiquity, excavations, archeology, Lycians, Graeco-Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman ruins, Roman ruins, Lycia
PMR069K-29 Turkey, Lycia, Patara: Already settled in the 7th century BC, the ancient site of Patara became one of the leading Lycian cities under the Romans, thanks to its flourishing harbour. When the battle against the sand was finally lost and the harbour silted up about 800 years ago, the city was abandoned. In recent years significant Roman building works have been freed from the sand. Here: a stone from the antique lighthouse, bearing the remains of an inscription, formerly with bronze-inlaid letters. Keywords: Roman remains, cities of antiquity, archeological excavations, Graeco-Roman remains, Roman architecture, Lycia
PMR069K-28 Turkey, Lycia, Patara: Already settled in the 7th century BC, the ancient site of Patara became one of the leading Lycian cities under the Romans, thanks to its flourishing harbour. When the battle against the sand was finally lost and the harbour silted up about 800 years ago, the city was abandoned. In recent years significant Roman building works have been freed from the sand. Here: view of the harbour basin and granaries, from a sand dune. The Agora stretched to the left. Keywords: Roman remains, cities of antiquity, archeological excavations, Graeco-Roman remains, Roman architecture, Lycia
PMR069K-27 Turkey, Lycia, Patara: Already settled in the 7th century BC, the ancient site of Patara became one of the leading Lycian cities under the Romans, thanks to its flourishing harbour. When the battle against the sand was finally lost and the harbour silted up about 800 years ago, the city was abandoned. In recent years significant Roman building works have been freed from the sand. Here: a series of Roman granaries, virtually complete except for the roofs, but completely overgrown by vegetation, on the former harbour quay. Keywords: Roman remains, Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman remains, archeological excavations, cities of antiquity, Lycia
PMR069K-26 Turkey, Lycia, Patara: Already settled in the 7th century BC, the ancient site of Patara became one of the leading Lycian cities under the Romans, thanks to its flourishing harbour. When the battle against the sand was finally lost and the harbour silted up about 800 years ago, the city was abandoned. In recent years significant Roman building works have been freed from the sand. Here: scrambling up the sand dunes which have invaded the area. Keywords: Roman remains, cities of antiquity, archeological excavations, Graeco-Roman remains, Roman architecture, Lycia
PMR069K-25 Turkey, Lycia, Patara: Already settled in the 7th century BC, the ancient site of Patara became one of the leading Lycian cities under the Romans, thanks to its flourishing harbour. When the battle against the sand was finally lost and the harbour silted up about 800 years ago, the city was abandoned. In recent years significant Roman building works have been freed from the sand. Here: view of the silted-up harbour basin, around which the life of the city formerly turned. Keywords: Roman remains, Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman remains, archeological excavations, cities of antiquity, Lycia
PMR069K-24 Turkey, Lycia, Patara: Already settled in the 7th century BC, the ancient site of Patara became one of the leading Lycian cities under the Romans, thanks to its flourishing harbour. When the battle against the sand was finally lost and the harbour silted up about 800 years ago, the city was abandoned. In recent years significant Roman building works have been freed from the sand. Here: view from the Roman amphitheatre of the site of the antique city. Keywords: Roman remains, Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman remains, archeological excavations, cities of antiquity, Lycia
PMR069K-19 Turkey, Lycia, Fethiye: Characteristic Lycian sarcophagus, with "upturned ship" as the lid, presents a traffic hazard in the streets of Fethiye. The town stands on the site of the antique "Telmessos". Keywords: cities of antiquity, archeological excavations, Lycia
PMR069K-18 Turkey, Lycia, Fethiye: ancient rock tombs, carved out of the cliffs by Lycians. The largest, the Tomb of Amyntas, in the style of a Greek Ionic temple, dates back to the 4th century BC. All have been plundered and many used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Here: a group of smaller tombs, to the left of the Tomb of Amyntas. Keywords: cities of antiquity, archeological excavations, burial chambers, Lycia
PMR069K-17 Turkey, Lycia, Fethiye: ancient rock tombs, carved out of the cliffs by Lycians. The largest, the Tomb of Amyntas (shown here), in the style of a Greek Ionic temple, with highly decorated sham stone door, dates back to the 4th century BC. All have been plundered and many used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Keywords: cities of antiquity, Lycia, archeological excavations, burial chambers
PMR069K-15 Turkey, Lycia, Fethiye: ancient rock tombs, carved out of the cliffs by Lycians. The largest, the Tomb of Amyntas, in the style of a Greek Ionic temple, dates back to the 4th century BC. All have been plundered and many used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Here: view of the cliffs with their rock tombs, and the town of Fethiye spread out below. It stands on the site of the antique "Telmessos". Keywords: cities of antiquity, archeological excavations, burial chambers, Lycia
PMR624-07 Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: tiered stone seating in the Odeon, the concert and meeting hall, showing the orchestra and rear of the facade. Keywords: Greek ruins, towns of antiquity, excavations, archeology, Lycians, Graeco-Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman ruins, Roman ruins
PMR624-06 Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: the "State Agora", with three arched doorways on the north side leading into the Odeon, the concert and meeting hall. Keywords: Greek ruins, towns of antiquity, excavations, archeology, Lycians, Graeco-Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman ruins, Roman ruins
PMR624-05 Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: the "State Agora" with retaining walls - the southern wall has collapsed into the valley. Keywords: Greek ruins, Roman ruins, Graeco-Roman ruins, Graeco-Roman architecture, Lycians, archeology, excavations, towns of antiquity
PMR624-04 Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: stairway leading to the "State Agora" from the gymnasium and baths complex. Keywords: Greek ruins, Roman ruins, Graeco-Roman ruins, Graeco-Roman architecture, Lycians, archeology, excavations, towns of antiquity
PMR624-03 Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: facade wall of the Graeco-Roman gymnasium and baths complex on a lower terrace. Keywords: Greek ruins, Roman ruins, Graeco-Roman ruins, Graeco-Roman architecture, Lycians, archeology, excavations, towns of antiquity
PMR624-02 Turkey, Lycia, Myra: The ancient city of Myra, founded in the 5th century BC, was the leading city of Lycia. The principal interest today is the collection of rock tombs, built into the cliffs, with elaborate temple-like facades, dating from the 4th century BC. All the tombs have been plundered and many were used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Myra was a flourishing city under the Romans, as evidenced by the substantial Roman theatre. Here: a lintel stone with carved masks, removed from the theatre, with numerous rock tombs in the cliff behind. Keywords: rock burials, excavations, archeology, Lycians, caves, Roman architecture
PMR624-01 Turkey, Lycia, Myra: The ancient city of Myra, founded in the 5th century BC, was the leading city of Lycia. The principal interest today is the collection of rock tombs, built into the cliffs, with elaborate temple-like facades, dating from the 4th century BC. All the tombs have been plundered and many were used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Myra was a flourishing city under the Romans, as evidenced by the substantial Roman theatre. Here: the vaulted entrance to the Roman amphitheatre, which was built into the cliff, adjacent to the rock tombs. Keywords: rock burials, excavations, archeology, Lycians, caves, Roman architecture
PMR623-12 Turkey, Lycia, Myra: The ancient city of Myra, founded in the 5th century BC, was the leading city of Lycia. The principal interest today is the collection of rock tombs, built into the cliffs, with elaborate temple-like facades, dating from the 4th century BC. All the tombs have been plundered and many were used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Myra was a flourishing city under the Romans, as evidenced by the substantial Roman theatre. Here: general view of the rock tombs, with some standing as independent buildings. Keywords: rock burials, Roman architecture, caves, Lycians, archeology, excavations
PMR623-11 Turkey, Lycia, Myra: The ancient city of Myra, founded in the 5th century BC, was the leading city of Lycia. The principal interest today is the collection of rock tombs, built into the cliffs, with elaborate temple-like facades, dating from the 4th century BC. All the tombs have been plundered and many were used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Myra was a flourishing city under the Romans, as evidenced by the substantial Roman theatre. Here: a closer view of a plundered tomb, showing the stone imitation-log roof used as decoration. Keywords: rock burials, excavations, archeology, Lycians, caves, Roman architecture
PMR623-10 Turkey, Lycia, Myra: The ancient city of Myra, founded in the 5th century BC, was the leading city of Lycia. The principal interest today is the collection of rock tombs, built into the cliffs, with elaborate temple-like facades, dating from the 4th century BC. All the tombs have been plundered and many were used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Myra was a flourishing city under the Romans, as evidenced by the substantial Roman theatre. Here: general view of cliff where the majority of tombs are to be found. Keywords: rock burials, excavations, archeology, Lycians, caves, Roman architecture
PMR623-09 Turkey, Lycia, Simena: The former Greek coastal village of Simena can only be reached from the sea - there are no roads connecting it to the hinterland, so development is limited, and little has changed since the Greeks left in 1922. About 200 people live here permanently. Crowning the village is a mediaeval fortress, and scattered around the village are numerous Lycian stone sarcophagi. Here: Mohamed, a young blond Turk on a Lycian stone sarcophagus whose lid represents an upturned boat. Keywords: historical ruins, ruined fortress, sarcophagus, Byzantine fortifications, excavations, archeology
PMR623-08 Turkey, Lycia, Simena: The former Greek coastal village of Simena can only be reached from the sea - there are no roads connecting it to the hinterland, so development is limited, and little has changed since the Greeks left in 1922. About 200 people live here permanently. Crowning the village is a mediaeval fortress, and scattered around the village are numerous Lycian stone sarcophagi. Here: view of some of the ancient sarcophagi on the hill behind the village. Keywords: historical ruins, archeology, excavations, Byzantine fortifications, sarcophagus, ruined fortress
PMR623-07 Turkey, Lycia, Simena: The former Greek coastal village of Simena can only be reached from the sea - there are no roads connecting it to the hinterland, so development is limited, and little has changed since the Greeks left in 1922. About 200 people live here permanently. Crowning the village is a mediaeval fortress, and scattered around the village are numerous Lycian stone sarcophagi. Here: view of the village from the jetty, ascending the hillside in terraces. Keywords: historical ruins, ruined fortress, sarcophagus, Byzantine fortifications, excavations, archeology
PMR623-06 Turkey, Lycia, Simena: The former Greek coastal village of Simena can only be reached from the sea - there are no roads connecting it to the hinterland, so development is limited, and little has changed since the Greeks left in 1922. About 200 people live here permanently. Crowning the village is a mediaeval fortress, and scattered around the village are numerous Lycian stone sarcophagi. Here: the tiny harbour, with the dominating fortress behind. Keywords: historical ruins, ruined fortress, sarcophagus, Byzantine fortifications, excavations, archeology
PMR623-05 Turkey, Lycia, Simena: The former Greek coastal village of Simena can only be reached from the sea - there are no roads connecting it to the hinterland, so development is limited, and little has changed since the Greeks left in 1922. About 200 people live here permanently. Crowning the village is a mediaeval fortress, and scattered around the village are numerous Lycian stone sarcophagi. Here: approaching the settlement from the sea, the visitor is met by traders in small boats. Keywords: historical ruins, ruined fortress, sarcophagus, Byzantine fortifications, excavations, archeology
PMR622-10 Turkey, Lycia, Patara: Already settled in the 7th century BC, the ancient site of Patara became one of the leading Lycian cities under the Romans, thanks to its flourishing harbour. When the battle against the sand was finally lost and the harbour silted up about 800 years ago, the city was abandoned. In recent years significant Roman building works have been freed from the sand. Here: the almost perfectly preserved Arch of Metius Modestus (AD 100) used to guard the entrance to the city. Keywords: Roman remains, Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman remains, archeological excavations, cities of antiquity
PMR622-09 Turkey, Lycia, Patara: Already settled in the 7th century BC, the ancient site of Patara became one of the leading Lycian cities under the Romans, thanks to its flourishing harbour. When the battle against the sand was finally lost and the harbour silted up about 800 years ago, the city was abandoned. In recent years significant Roman building works have been freed from the sand. Here: this is believed to be the remains of a well known Roman lighthouse, mentioned a number of times in written histories. Reconstruction is planned. Keywords: Roman remains, Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman remains, archeological excavations, cities of antiquity
PMR622-08 Turkey, Lycia, Patara: Already settled in the 7th century BC, the ancient site of Patara became one of the leading Lycian cities under the Romans, thanks to its flourishing harbour. When the battle against the sand was finally lost and the harbour silted up about 800 years ago, the city was abandoned. In recent years significant Roman building works have been freed from the sand. Here: Partial view of the stage and orchestra of the well preserved Roman amphitheatre. Keywords: Roman remains, Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman remains, archeological excavations, cities of antiquity
PMR622-07 Turkey, Lycia, Patara: Already settled in the 7th century BC, the ancient site of Patara became one of the leading Lycian cities under the Romans, thanks to its flourishing harbour. When the battle against the sand was finally lost and the harbour silted up about 800 years ago, the city was abandoned. In recent years significant Roman building works have been freed from the sand. Here: Partial view of the seating rows of the well preserved Roman amphitheatre. Keywords: Roman remains, Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman remains, archeological excavations, cities of antiquity
PMR622-06 Turkey, Lycia, Patara: Ancient rock tombs, carved out of the cliffs by Lycians. The largest, the Tomb of Amyntas, in the style of a Greek Ionic temple, dates back to the 4th century BC. All have been plundered and many used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Keywords: Roman remains, Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman remains, archeological excavations, cities of antiquity

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