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Travel (214 files)

PMR148-09 Romania, Transylvania, Sighisoara (Schassburg): a living museum-town of the middle ages: fortifications around the outer main gate to the old town. Keywords: architecture, picturesque, historical, heritage, mediaeval, UNESCO, defence, fortifications, Saxons, Schäßburg, Siebenburgen, cobblestones
PMR142-10 Bulgaria, Vidin, Belogradcik: view of the outer and middle fortifications built during the time of the Turkish occupation (1837) using forced local labour. Adjacent to the famous Rocks of Belogradcik. Keywords: cliffs, geology, geological, formations, pinnacles, rocks, weird, tortured, outcrop, Belogradchik, fortress
PMR119-07 Germany, Bavaria, Rothenburg ob der Tauber: outer fortifications to the Roder Gate, from the top of the Roder Tower. Keywords: defence, fortifications, architecture, national heritage, picturesque, mediaeval, Franconia, timber-frame, wattle and daub, gables, bird's eye view
PMR119-05 Germany, Bavaria, Rothenburg ob der Tauber: St. Wolfgang's or Shepherds' Church (15th century Gothic); the outer side forms part of the town wall, and in the roof are fortified defence positions. Keywords: defence, fortifications, architecture, national heritage, picturesque, mediaeval, Franconia, gables
PMR106-09 Egypt, Abu Simbel: Ramesses II built two temples (for himself and his wife) adjacent to each other. To escape the flood waters of the Aswan Dam, both were cut into square blocks and moved bodily about 500 metres to a safe position. Figures of Ramesses in the outer chamber of the main temple, with roof frescoes of Nekhbet, the vulture. Keywords: Egyptology, archeology, antiquity, historical, hieroglyphics, architecture, culture
PMR073-07 Italy, Muggia: a town on the border of Italy and Yugoslavia (now Slovenia) - the outer harbour Keywords: architecture, port, moorings, basin, watercraft, quayside, fishing boats, yachts, picturesque, church tower, reflections
PMR-D11912 Germany, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Neubrandenburg: Friedländer Tor, the north-eastern gate in the 2.3 km town wall, looking towards the outer gate. Built just after 1300, the oldest gate. The house on the left, between the inner and outer gates, is home to the town registry office. Keywords: architecture, Brick-Gothic, culture, heritage, mediaeval, picturesque
PMR-D11911 Germany, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Neubrandenburg: Friedländer Tor, the north-eastern gate in the 2.3 km town wall, looking towards the inner gate. Built just after 1300, the oldest gate. The house on the right, between the inner and outer gates, is home to the town registry office. Keywords: architecture, Brick-Gothic, culture, heritage, mediaeval, picturesque
PMR-D8283 Germany, Lower Saxony, Goslar: Breites Tor ("Wide Gate"), built in 1443, with the "Zwinger", or complementary defence tower (1517). Once, one of the most strongly defended gates in the country, much of the fortification has been demolished, including the outer gate with its own defence towers. Keywords: architecture, picturesque, culture, historic, national heritage, mediaeval, medieval
PMR-D8281 Germany, Lower Saxony, Goslar: Breites Tor ("Wide Gate"), built in 1443, with the "Zwinger", or complementary defence tower (1517). Once, one of the most strongly defended gates in the country, much of the fortification has been demolished, including the outer gate with its own defence towers. Keywords: architecture, UNESCO, picturesque, culture, historic, national heritage, mediaeval, medieval
PMR-D7921 Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Weikersheim: the late Renaissance palace of the Hohenlohe replaced an original dating from 1586. A "dwarfs' gallery" enhances the fortified outer wall, which encloses the rose garden. Keywords: picturesque, Tauber Valley, culture, Romantic Road, Romantische Strasse, architecture, statues, carvings, sculptures
PMR-D6806 Ireland, Aran Islands, Inis Mor, Kilmurvey: inside the outer wall of Dun Aonghasa prehistoric fort, believed to be about 2000 years old. Beyond, view of the rest of the treeless island, about 14 km. long. Keywords: heritage, culture, picturesque, fortress, defence, prehistoric, Dun Aengus
PMR-D6804 Ireland, Aran Islands, Inis Mor, Kilmurvey: the 60-metre cliffs on which stand Dun Aonghasa prehistoric fort, believed to be about 2000 years old. The outer defence wall can be seen in the distance. Keywords: heritage, culture, picturesque, fortress, defence, prehistoric, sheer drop, Dun Aengus
PMR-D6803 Ireland, Aran Islands, Inis Mor, Kilmurvey: the 60-metre cliffs on which stand Dun Aonghasa prehistoric fort, believed to be about 2000 years old. The outer defence wall can be seen in the distance. Keywords: heritage, culture, picturesque, fortress, defence, prehistoric, sheer drop, Dun Aengus
PMR-D6582 Ireland, Leinster, Dublin: Arnaldo Pomodoro's sculpture "Sphere within a Sphere" in Trinity College. The inner sphere represents the earth and the outer sphere, Christianity. Keywords: historic, heritage, monument, culture, capital city, architecture, artistic
PMR-D5818 Oman, Nakhal: the "keep" and outer walls of Nakhal Fortress (Husn Al Heem), dating from pre-Islamic times, with Jebel Nakhal, a spur of the Western Hajar mountains, behind. Keywords: desert city, Islam, Muslim, Arab state, Middle East, Gulf State, sultanate, historic, picturesque, oasis, defence, fortifications
PMR-D5668 Greece, Island of Milos: the outer harbour at Mandrakia, a fishing village. Keywords: Greek Islands, Hellas, island hopping, picturesque, heritage, Cyclades, Venus de Milo, colourful, boats
PMR-D5265 Uzbekistan, Samarkand: Gur-i Amir, the mausoleum of Timur (Tamerlaine) who was buried here in 1405. It was later used as a family mausoleum. View of the outer facade and iwan, heavy with "stalactites". Keywords: Asian, Silk Road, picturesque, architecture, culture, historic, heritage, Muslim, colourful, artistic, Sunni Islam, tiles, majolica, faience, glazed, ornamentation, intricate
PMR365-11 Germany, Bavaria, Burghausen: the castle, which dates back to 1025 or even earlier, was constantly extended, and now comprises an inner courtyard and 5 outer courtyards, straggling along a ridge for 1051 metres, making it the longest castle in the world. The Christopher Gate to the castle, in the fifth courtyard. Keywords: architecture, picturesque, culture, historic, heritage, gables, fortifications, defence, mediaeval
PMR365-10 Germany, Bavaria, Burghausen: the castle, which dates back to 1025 or even earlier, was constantly extended, and now comprises an inner courtyard and 5 outer courtyards, straggling along a ridge for 1051 metres, making it the longest castle in the world. Clocktower with sundial, and wellhouse, in the fifth courtyard of the castle. Keywords: architecture, picturesque, culture, historic, heritage, gables, fortifications, defence, mediaeval
PMR365-06 Germany, Bavaria, Burghausen: the castle, which dates back to 1025 or even earlier, was constantly extended, and now comprises an inner courtyard and 5 outer courtyards, straggling along a ridge for 1051 metres, making it the longest castle in the world. Lake Wöhr, which occupies the former course of the River Salzach, from the roof of the Palas. Keywords: architecture, picturesque, culture, historic, heritage, gables, fortifications, defence, mediaeval
PMR365-05 Germany, Bavaria, Burghausen: the castle, which dates back to 1025 or even earlier, was constantly extended, and now comprises an inner courtyard and 5 outer courtyards, straggling along a ridge for 1051 metres, making it the longest castle in the world. Eggenberg Tower and curtain wall spanning Lake Wöhr, from the roof of the "Palas". Keywords: architecture, picturesque, culture, historic, heritage, gables, fortifications, defence, mediaeval
PMR365-04 Germany, Bavaria, Burghausen: the castle, which dates back to 1025 or even earlier, was constantly extended, and now comprises an inner courtyard and 5 outer courtyards, straggling along a ridge for 1051 metres, making it the longest castle in the world. View along the castle ridge from the roof of the "Palas" or Duke's Quarters. Keywords: architecture, picturesque, culture, historic, heritage, gables, fortifications, defence, mediaeval
PMR365-03 Germany, Bavaria, Burghausen: the castle, which dates back to 1025 or even earlier, was constantly extended, and now comprises an inner courtyard and 5 outer courtyards, straggling along a ridge for 1051 metres, making it the longest castle in the world. The first and principal courtyard, with the "Kemnate" or living quarters on the left. Keywords: architecture, picturesque, culture, historic, heritage, gables, fortifications, defence, mediaeval
PMR365-02 Germany, Bavaria, Burghausen: the castle, which dates back to 1025 or even earlier, was constantly extended, and now comprises an inner courtyard and 5 outer courtyards, straggling along a ridge for 1051 metres, making it the longest castle in the world. Stephan's Tower and the main entrance. Keywords: architecture, picturesque, culture, historic, heritage, gables, fortifications, defence, mediaeval
PMR234-10 Romania, Moldavia, Vatra Moldovitei: the frescoed church of Moldovita Monastery: frescoes on the vestibule roof and walls; "The Last Judgement" appears as customary on the west outer wall. Keywords: frescoes, fortifications, defence, colourful, painted monastery, mediaeval, architecture, Orthodox, Christian, rustical, rural, landscape, countryside, picturesque
PMR203-09 Israel, Negev Desert: ruins of Avdat, a city founded in the third century BC by the Nabateans at a fork in the caravan route. Outer room of a cave-dwelling in the base of Avdat's hill, dating from Nabatean times. Keywords: desert, sandstone, geological, rock formations, barren, waterless, colourful, picturesque, archeology, historical
PMR-D3462 Germany, Saxony, Colditz Castle: the outer courtyard, now used for hotel guest rooms and YHA hostel. Keywords: historic, World War II, prison camps, NAZI Germany
PMR-D3328 Germany, Swiss Saxony (Sächsische Schweiz): outer and inner entrance gates (with ramp through the New Armoury Building) to the impregnable Königstein Fortress. Keywords: picturesque, heritage, Swiss Saxony, sandstone, defence, fortifications, historic, architecture, Baroque
PMR-D3324 Germany, Swiss Saxony (Sächsische Schweiz): outer and inner entrance gates (with ramp) to the impregnable Königstein Fortress Keywords: picturesque, heritage, Swiss Saxony, sandstone, defence, fortifications, historic, architecture, Baroque
PMR-D1387 People's Republic of China, Tibet: dating from 1268, Sakya Monastery is surrounded by high defence walls with towers at each corner. Sakya was the capital of Tibet from 1268 to 1354, thanks to an alliance with the Mongol Khans. View of the outer courtyard from the high defence walls. Keywords: architecture, religion, colourful, Asian, Buddhist, temples, picturesque, historical, heritage
PMR-D1384 People's Republic of China, Tibet: dating from 1268, Sakya Monastery is surrounded by high defence walls with towers at each corner. Sakya was the capital of Tibet from 1268 to 1354, thanks to an alliance with the Mongol Khans. View of the outer courtyard with incense burner. Keywords: architecture, religion, colourful, Asian, Buddhist, temples, picturesque, historical, heritage
PMR-D2697 Iran, Firuz Abad: Dezh-e Ardashir Papakan (Palace of Ardashir Papakan) was built in 224 AD under King Ardashir I in the Sassanian era. It has three domes (one collapsed), open at the top, which may have been used for fires to Zoroaster. A square column supports a wide-span arch from the outer wall. Keywords: Persia, Islam, Shi-ite, Muslim, religion, architecture, castle, Zarathustra, Zoroastrianism, fire-temple, Sassanid
PMR122K-30 United Arab Emirates, Dubai: "Atlantis on the Palm" resort, hotel, shopping and entertainment centre at the outer edge of Palm-Jumeirah. The central gateway arch. United Arab Emirates, Dubai: "Atlantis on the Palm" resort, hotel, shopping and entertainment centre at the outer edge of Palm-Jumeirah. The central gateway arch. Keywords: modern architecture, lawn sprinklers, air conditioning, Arab state, Arab, Muslim, Islam, high rise buildings, desert city, skyscrapers
PMR676-10 Mongolia, Dundgov: Baga Gazriin Chuluu, an area of granite outcrops in the Gobi Desert. a ger (yurt) owner - father with two children. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR505-02 Cyprus (North): St. Hilarion Castle, "a picture-book castle for elf-kings" (Rose Macaulay). Named after a seventh-century hermit, the almost impregnable site has been a monastery, a fortress and a royal palace, occupied by Crusaders, Lusignans, Byzantines, Venetians and lastly used as a Turkish retreat from EOKA attacks in 1964. Here: the lower enceinte, showing the outer wall and barbican, the main entrance. Keywords: rocky pinnacle, fortifications, ruined castle, commanding view, crag
PMR530-07 Iraq, Fortress/palace of Al-Ukhaidar: standing alone in the western desert, 48 kilometres south-west of kerbela, little is known of the builders, although thought to date from the early 8th century AD. However it stands on an important desert trade route. The entire building has recently been extensively renovated. Courtyard from the outer wall parapet; single storey buildings provide accommodation, the state rooms being at the rear. Keywords: architecture, fortifications, defence, Muslim, Islam, natural heritage, Mesopotamia, picturesque, archeology, archeological
PMR142K-21 Germany, Bavaria, Nuremberg: Frauentor outer and inner fortified walls with towers and Frauentorgraben (moat) on the south side of the city. Keywords: Nürnberg, defence, fortifications, autumn colours, architecture, national heritage, picturesque, mediaeval
PMR142K-19 Germany, Bavaria, Nuremberg: outer and inner fortified walls with defence towers on the south side of the city, with colourful autumn trees. Keywords: Nürnberg, defence, fortifications, autumn colours, architecture, national heritage, picturesque, mediaeval
PMR138K-06 Mongolia, Ömnögov Aimag (Province), Bayanzag: a young Mongolian selling mineral samples and souvenirs in the Gobi Desert.. Keywords: Mongol, entrepreneur, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR138K-05 Mongolia, Ömnögov Aimag (Province), Bayanzag (Gobi Desert): a sandy area stabilised by saxaul shrubs where American palaeontologist Roy Chapman Andrews discovered numerous fossilised Protoceratops dinosaurs with nests and eggs in 1922. This part was called "The Flaming Cliffs" by Roy Chapman Andrews. Keywords: Mongol, geological, geology, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR138K-04 Mongolia, Ömnögov Aimag (Province), Bayanzag (Gobi Desert): a sandy area stabilised by saxaul shrubs where American palaeontologist Roy Chapman Andrews discovered numerous fossilised Protoceratops dinosaurs with nests and eggs in 1922. This part was called "The Flaming Cliffs" by Roy Chapman Andrews. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia, geology, geological
PMR138K-03 Mongolia, Dundgov Aimag (Province): a small grazing herd of Bactrian Camels in the Gobi Desert. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia, Buddhist, Buddhism
PMR138K-02 Mongolia, Dundgov Aimag (Province): Rotel bus at speed, creating a dust cloud on the steppe. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia, Buddhist, Buddhism
PMR138K-01 Mongolia, Dundgov Aimag (Province): Ongiin Khiid (Monastery), actually consists of two Buddhist monasteries, both laid waste by the Communists in the 1930s. Most of the buildings were built of mud bricks which have largely weathered away. A small group of monks began rebuilding a temple in 2004 and is dependent on donations for further restorations. This picture: a surviving marble stupa, with the rebuilt temple and a museum/shop ger in the background. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR137K-36 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Khangai Nuruu National Park: visit from a ger (yurt) owner and his daughter. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia, Buddhist, Buddhism
PMR137K-35 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Khangai Nuruu National Park: the remains of a bronze age burial site, one of many. Keywords: Mongol, archeological, archeology, Buddhism, Buddhist, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR137K-34 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Khangai Nuruu National Park: Rotel bus parked for the night at a "wildernis site" by the Orkhol River. Picturesque landscape and skyscape. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR137K-33 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Khangai Nuruu National Park: Rotel bus parked for the night at a "wildernis site" by the Orkhol River. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR137K-32 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Khangai Nuruu National Park: Rotel bus parked for the night at a "wildernis site" by the Orkhol River. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR137K-31 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Khangai Nuruu National Park: landscape with the Orkhon River in the foreground. Keywords: Mongol, picturesque, Buddhism, Buddhist, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR137K-30 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Khangai Nuruu National Park: a typical "multi-track" route across the steppe. After heavy rain all the tracks may be impassable for wheeled traffic. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR137K-29 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Khangai Nuruu National Park: a group of yaks. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR137K-28 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Khangai Nuruu National Park: Edelweiss (Leontopodium alpinum) is not uncommon in the park. Keywords: Mongol, alpine flowers, botanical, botany, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia, Buddhist, Buddhism
PMR137K-27 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Khangai Nuruu National Park: a mare with foal near the Orkhon Waterfall. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR137K-26 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Khangai Nuruu National Park: Orkhon Khöndii (Valley of the River Orkhon). A picturesque view of the river above the waterfall. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR137K-25 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Khangai Nuruu National Park: Orkhon Khöndii (Valley of the River Orkhon). The river flows through a gorge with pine trees after the waterfall. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR137K-24 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Khangai Nuruu National Park: Orkhon Khöndii (Valley of the River Orkhon). Orkhon Khürkhree (Orkhon Waterfall) drops 20 metres abruptly into a gorge. An attraction for tourists, although it is likely to be dry for about 10 months of the year. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR137K-23 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Khangai Nuruu National Park: Orkhon Khöndii (Valley of the River Orkhon). Orkhon Khürkhree (Orkhon Waterfall) drops 20 metres abruptly into a gorge. An attraction for tourists, although it is likely to be dry for about 10 months of the year. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR137K-22 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Khangai Nuruu National Park: Orkhon Khöndii (Valley of the River Orkhon). Visitors arriving at the gorge to see the waterfall. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR137K-21 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Khangai Nuruu National Park: Orkhon Khöndii (Valley of the River Orkhon). A flock of goats drinking at the river on a deep valley floor. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR137K-20 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Khangai Nuruu National Park: Orkhon Khöndii (Valley of the River Orkhon). Here the river flows along the bottom of an escarpment where a few trees manage to thrive. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR137K-19 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Khangai Nuruu National Park: Orkhon Khöndii (Valley of the River Orkhon), with the river and leaves of Iris lactea in the foreground. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR137K-18 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Khangai Nuruu National Park: Orkhon Khöndii (Valley of the River Orkhon). Young Great Crested Grebes (Podiceps cristatus) scurrying for cover. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR137K-17 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Khangai Nuruu National Park: Orkhon Khöndii (Valley of the River Orkhon), with shamanistic "ovoo" and blue cloth offerings. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR137K-16 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Khangai Nuruu National Park: Orkhon Khöndii (Valley of the River Orkhon). Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR137K-15 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Khangai Nuruu National Park: Orkhon Khöndii (Valley of the River Orkhon). Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR137K-14 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Kharkhorin, formerly Karakorum: the Rotel bus, parked by the "world's largest ger" with its Chinese-style gateway. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR137K-12 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Kharkhorin, formerly Karakorum: a tethered Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos), one of several outside the monastery, used for taking photographs of tourists. Keywords: Mongol, birds of prey, raptors, birds, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR137K-11 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Kharkhorin, formerly Karakorum: Erdene Zuu Khiid (Monastery) is Mongolia's oldest monastery, founded in 1586 by Altai Khaan. It contained up to 100 temples within its walls as well as numerous gers. Perhaps 1000 monks were in residence at its peak. With the exception of three temples, the monastery was laid waste in the Stalinist purges of 1937, and the monks dispersed or killed. Since 1990 it has resumed its religious role. This picture: two of the newer Buddhist temples. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR137K-10 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Kharkhorin, formerly Karakorum: Erdene Zuu Khiid (Monastery) is Mongolia's oldest monastery, founded in 1586 by Altai Khaan. It contained up to 100 temples within its walls as well as numerous gers. Perhaps 1000 monks were in residence at its peak. With the exception of three temples, the monastery was laid waste in the Stalinist purges of 1937, and the monks dispersed or killed. Since 1990 it has resumed its religious role. This picture: Buddhist monks leaving the monastery. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR137K-09 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Kharkhorin, formerly Karakorum: Erdene Zuu Khiid (Monastery) is Mongolia's oldest monastery, founded in 1586 by Altai Khaan. It contained up to 100 temples within its walls as well as numerous gers. Perhaps 1000 monks were in residence at its peak. With the exception of three temples, the monastery was laid waste in the Stalinist purges of 1937, and the monks dispersed or killed. Since 1990 it has resumed its religious role. This picture: the Tibetan-style Lavrin Süm, where a Dalai Lama lived during his last visit. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism, Buddhist, Buddhism
PMR137K-08 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Kharkhorin, formerly Karakorum: a remarkable cumulus cloud. Keywords: Mongol, weather phenomenon, meteorology, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR137K-07 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Kharkhorin, formerly Karakorum: Erdene Zuu Khiid (Monastery) is Mongolia's oldest monastery, founded in 1586 by Altai Khaan. It contained up to 100 temples within its walls as well as numerous gers. Perhaps 1000 monks were in residence at its peak. With the exception of three temples, the monastery was laid waste in the Stalinist purges of 1937, and the monks dispersed or killed. Since 1990 it has resumed its religious role. This picture: the courtyard in front of the three original temples. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR137K-06 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Kharkhorin, formerly Karakorum: Erdene Zuu Khiid (Monastery) is Mongolia's oldest monastery, founded in 1586 by Altai Khaan. It contained up to 100 temples within its walls as well as numerous gers. Perhaps 1000 monks were in residence at its peak. With the exception of three temples, the monastery was laid waste in the Stalinist purges of 1937, and the monks dispersed or killed. Since 1990 it has resumed its religious role. This picture: a newer Buddhist temple in the grounds. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR137K-05 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Kharkhorin, formerly Karakorum: Erdene Zuu Khiid (Monastery) is Mongolia's oldest monastery, founded in 1586 by Altai Khaan. It contained up to 100 temples within its walls as well as numerous gers. Perhaps 1000 monks were in residence at its peak. With the exception of three temples, the monastery was laid waste in the Stalinist purges of 1937, and the monks dispersed or killed. Since 1990 it has resumed its religious role. This picture: the three surviving original temples, dedicated to Buddha's childhood, adolescence and adulthood. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR137K-04 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Kharkhorin, formerly Karakorum: Erdene Zuu Khiid (Monastery) is Mongolia's oldest monastery, founded in 1586 by Altai Khaan. It contained up to 100 temples within its walls as well as numerous gers. Perhaps 1000 monks were in residence at its peak. With the exception of three temples, the monastery was laid waste in the Stalinist purges of 1937, and the monks dispersed or killed. Since 1990 it has resumed its religious role. This picture: a small temple and the handsome Golden Prayer Stupa (1799), in the grounds. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR137K-03 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Kharkhorin, formerly Karakorum: Erdene Zuu Khiid (Monastery) is Mongolia's oldest monastery, founded in 1586 by Altai Khaan. It contained up to 100 temples within its walls as well as numerous gers. Perhaps 1000 monks were in residence at its peak. With the exception of three temples, the monastery was laid waste in the Stalinist purges of 1937, and the monks dispersed or killed. Since 1990 it has resumed its religious role. This picture: souvenir stalls outside the north-west gate, with grazing goats. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR137K-02 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Kharkhorin, formerly Karakorum: Erdene Zuu Khiid (Monastery) is Mongolia's oldest monastery, founded in 1586 by Altai Khaan. It contained up to 100 temples within its walls as well as numerous gers. Perhaps 1000 monks were in residence at its peak. With the exception of three temples, the monastery was laid waste in the Stalinist purges of 1937, and the monks dispersed or killed. Since 1990 it has resumed its religious role. This picture: view of the boundary wall with its 108 stupas. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR137K-01 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Kharkhorin, formerly Karakorum: one of two surviving stone turtles, four of which originally marked the four gates of ancient Karakoram. Little else is visible of the ancient city. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism, Buddhist, Buddhism
PMR136K-36 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Kharkhorin, formerly Karakorum: one of two surviving stone turtles, four of which originally marked the four gates of ancient Karakoram. Little else is visible of the ancient city. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism, Buddhist, Buddhism
PMR136K-35 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Kharkhorin, formerly Karakorum: Erdene Zuu Khiid (Monastery) is Mongolia's oldest monastery, founded in 1586 by Altai Khaan. It contained up to 100 temples within its walls as well as numerous gers. Perhaps 1000 monks were in residence at its peak. With the exception of three temples, the monastery was laid waste in the Stalinist purges of 1937, and the monks dispersed or killed. Since 1990 it has resumed its religious role. This picture: goats, grazing outside the boundary wall. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-34 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Kharkhorin, formerly Karakorum: Erdene Zuu Khiid (Monastery) is Mongolia's oldest monastery, founded in 1586 by Altai Khaan. It contained up to 100 temples within its walls as well as numerous gers. Perhaps 1000 monks were in residence at its peak. With the exception of three temples, the monastery was laid waste in the Stalinist purges of 1937, and the monks dispersed or killed. Since 1990 it has resumed its religious role. This picture: the massive boundary wall with some of its 108 stupas. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-33 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Kharkhorin, formerly Karakorum: a modern version of the "Silver Tree Fountain", a feature of ancient Karakorum, designed by a French sculptor, Guillaume Bouchier, in 1253. The four lion's heads were reputed to deliver mare's milk, whilst the golden spouts delivered wine, rice wine, bal (mead) and airag (fermented mare's milk) simultaneously. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-32 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Kharkhorin, formerly Karakorum: Rotel bus parked next to the "world's largest ger". Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR136K-31 Mongolia, Arkhangai Aimag (Province): black clouds presage an approaching storm on the steppe, which will have passed within the hour. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-30 Mongolia, Arkhangai Aimag (Province): Tsetserleg, capital of Arkhangai Province, has a population of about 18,000. Here, a view of the dwellings comprising the town, spreading up the hillside below the outcrop of rocks. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR136K-29 Mongolia, Arkhangai Aimag (Province): Tsetserleg, capital of Arkhangai Province, has a population of about 18,000. Here, a view of the dwellings comprising the town, spreading up the hillside. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR136K-28 Mongolia, Arkhangai Aimag (Province): Tsetserleg, capital of Arkhangai Province, has a population of about 18,000. Here, the car park, in front of the local stores. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-27 Mongolia, Arkhangai Aimag (Province): Tsetserleg, capital of Arkhangai Province, has a population of about 18,000. Here, the local supermarket, with a teachers' college on the left. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-26 Mongolia, Arkhangai Aimag (Province): the owner of the ger (yurt) and her grandchild. The family owns about 600 head of cattle, sheep, goats and horses. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-25 Mongolia, Arkhangai Aimag (Province): local guide bidding farewell to the owner of the ger (yurt) and her grandchildren. The family owns about 600 head of cattle, sheep, goats and horses. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR136K-24 Mongolia, Arkhangai Aimag (Province): a typical ger (yurt), equipped with solar panels, dish antenna and family car. In the foreground cheese is being strained in a muslin cloth. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-23 Mongolia, Arkhangai Aimag (Province): Rotel bus parked for the night by a ger-camp near the Taikhar Chuluu Monolith. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-22 Mongolia, Arkhangai Aimag (Province): the skin of the goat which was slaughtered for our evening meal. The animals are "hainags", a cross between cow and yak which supply more milk than pure yaks. The Taikhar Chuluu Monolith is visible in the background. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-21 Mongolia, Arkhangai Aimag (Province): the Taikhar Chuluu Monolith. Legend has it that a local hero hurled the monolith at a huge serpent, which may still be under the rock. Many Mongolians come to visit, and most leave their names in the form of graffiti! Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-20 Mongolia, Arkhangai Aimag (Province): Mongolian visitors posing in front of the Taikhar Chuluu Monolith. Legend has it that a local hero hurled the monolith at a huge serpent, which may still be under the rock. Many Mongolians come to visit, and most leave their names in the form of graffiti! Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR136K-19 Mongolia, Arkhangai Aimag (Province): a herder with his "uurga" (lasso) driving yaks from the watering pool. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-18 Mongolia, Arkhangai Aimag (Province): a herd of yaks being watered in a pool. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-17 Mongolia, Arkhangai Aimag (Province): an "ovoo" (sharmanistic pile of stones and blue cloths as offerings) near the top of a pass. Travellers add a stone to the pile and walk round the ovoo three times to assure good fortune. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-16 Mongolia, Arkhangai Aimag (Province): an "ovoo" (sharmanistic pile of stones and blue cloths as offerings) near the top of a pass. Travellers add a stone to the pile and walk round the ovoo three times to assure good fortune. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-15 Mongolia, Arkhangai Aimag (Province): a group of nomadic herdsmen from Uvs Aimag (in the north-west), driving a herd of camels in the direction of Ulaanbaatar. Bactrian camels in the foreground. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-14 Mongolia, Arkhangai Aimag (Province): a group of nomadic herdsmen from Uvs Aimag (in the north-west), driving a herd of sheep and goats in the direction of Ulaanbaatar. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-13 Mongolia, Arkhangai Aimag (Province): a group of nomadic herdsmen from Uvs Aimag (in the north-west), driving a herd of sheep and goats in the direction of Ulaanbaatar. Here a herdsman shows his "uurga" or traditional wooden lasso. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-12 Mongolia, Arkhangai Aimag (Province): a group of nomadic herdsmen from Uvs Aimag (in the north-west), driving a herd of camels in the direction of Ulaanbaatar. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-11 Mongolia, Arkhangai Aimag (Province): crossing the Orkhon Gol, the longest river in Mongolia. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-10 Mongolia, Bulgan Aimag (Province): the flatness of the steppe, as far as the horizon. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-09 Mongolia, Bulgan Aimag (Province): sunset on Lake Ögii Nuur, a waterbird reserve. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-08 Mongolia, Bulgan Aimag (Province): Rotel bus parked for the night by a ger-camp near Lake Ögii Nuur. Keywords: Mongol, yurts, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-07 Mongolia, Bulgan Aimag (Province): milking the mare, near Lake Ögii Nuur. Keywords: Mongol, horses, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-06 Mongolia, Bulgan Aimag (Province): the horses belonging to the gers (yurts) with foals in the foreground, near Lake Ögii Nuur. Keywords: Mongol, domestic animals, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-05 Mongolia, Bulgan Aimag (Province): young Mongolian girl with a small child in her arms, near Lake Ögii Nuur. Keywords: Mongol, children, family life, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-04 Mongolia, Bulgan Aimag (Province): young Mongolian girl with a small child in her arms, near Lake Ögii Nuur. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism, family life, children
PMR136K-03 Mongolia, Bulgan Aimag (Province): friendly youngsters from a group of gers (yurts) near Lake Ögii Nuur. Keywords: Mongol, children, family life, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-02 Mongolia, Bulgan Aimag (Province): Rotel Bus and a young Mongolian visitor on horseback. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR136K-01 Mongolia, Bulgan Aimag (Province): pair of ornate Buddhist stupas on the steppe, with the usual blue cloth offerings. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR135K-36 Mongolia, Bulgan Aimag (Province): sheep-shearing near a group of gers (yurts). Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism, fleece, shorn wool
PMR135K-35 Mongolia, Bulgan Aimag (Province): sheep-shearing near a group of gers (yurts). Keywords: Mongol, shorn wool, fleece, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR135K-34 Mongolia, Bulgan Aimag (Province): sheep-shearing near a group of gers (yurts). Keywords: Mongol, shorn wool, fleece, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR135K-33 Mongolia, Bulgan Aimag (Province): a tethered Bactrian camel. Others are still wild. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR135K-32 Mongolia, Bulgan Aimag (Province): pause for lunch by the Rotel bus on the steppe. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR135K-31 Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar: the National Museum of Mongolian History. Keywords: Mongol, architecture, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, statue, monument, capital, Outer Mongolia
PMR135K-30 Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Sükhbaatar Square: the colonnaded Genghis Khan monument which was completed in 2006 (the 800th anniversary of his coronation) and now forms the front of the Parliament Building. Keywords: Mongol, neo-classical, architecture, Outer Mongolia, capital, monument, statue, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan
PMR135K-29 Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Sükhbaatar Square: the State Academic Theatre of Opera and Ballet. Keywords: Mongol, neo-classical, architecture, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, statue, monument, capital, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR135K-28 Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Sükhbaatar Square: a group of Mongolian tourists being photographed. Keywords: Mongol, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, statue, monument, capital, Outer Mongolia
PMR135K-27 Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Sükhbaatar Square: a bridal pair with photographer before the bronze equestrian statue of Kublai Khan, grandson of Genghis Khan. It flanks the figure of Genghis Khan. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, capital, monument, statue, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan
PMR135K-26 Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Sükhbaatar Square: bronze equestrian statue of Ögedei Khan, son of Genghis Khan, who ruled from 1229 to 1241. It flanks the figure of Genghis Khan. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, capital, monument, statue, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan
PMR135K-25 Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Sükhbaatar Square: bronze statue of Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal who ruled Mongolia from 1952 to 1983. Keywords: Mongol, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, statue, monument, capital, Outer Mongolia
PMR135K-24 Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Sükhbaatar Square: flower gardens in front of the Mongolian Song and Dance Theatre. Keywords: Mongol, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, statue, monument, capital, Outer Mongolia
PMR135K-23 Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Sükhbaatar Square: singer in traditional costume accompanied by a horse-head-violin player. Keywords: Mongol, musical instrument, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, statue, monument, capital, Outer Mongolia
PMR135K-22 Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Sükhbaatar Square: Louis Vuitton Building - this futuristic glass tower has been condemned to early demolition due to its insecure foundations. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, capital, monument, statue, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan
PMR135K-21 Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Sükhbaatar Square: the City Hall with two modern multi-storey towers behind. Keywords: Mongol, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, statue, monument, capital, steppe, Outer Mongolia, architecture
PMR135K-20 Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Sükhbaatar Square: the Main Post Office (left), Mongolian Stock Exchange and the City Hall, with the Bodhi Tower multi-storey block behind with its 4-storey facade blending into the architecture of the square. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, capital, monument, statue, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, architecture
PMR135K-19 Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Sükhbaatar Square: equestrian statue of Damdin Sükhbaatar who founded the communist state in 1921, with the colonnaded Genghis Khan monument behind. Keywords: Mongol, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, statue, monument, capital, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR135K-18 Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Gandantegchinlen Khiid ("Great Place of Complete Joy"), one of Mongolia's largest and most important Buddhist monasteries. Started in 1838, it suffered under the Stalinist purges of 1937, when most other monasteries were completely demolished, but survived to resume its original purpose in 1990. It now has more than 600 monks. This picture: a little Mongolian girl with the pigeons in the central courtyard. Keywords: Mongol, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, statue, monument, capital, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR135K-17 Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Gandantegchinlen Khiid ("Great Place of Complete Joy"), one of Mongolia's largest and most important Buddhist monasteries. Started in 1838, it suffered under the Stalinist purges of 1937, when most other monasteries were completely demolished, but survived to resume its original purpose in 1990. It now has more than 600 monks. This picture: the Boddhisattva Avalokiteshvara Temple contains a 26.5-metre-high gilded staue of Migjid Janraisag, a bodhisattva (a monk who has voluntarily decided not to enter Nirvana, but to devote himself to saving other souls). The yellow building in the foreground is the Dechengalpa Datsan, rebuilt in 1992. Keywords: Mongol, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, statue, monument, capital, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR135K-16 Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Gandantegchinlen Khiid ("Great Place of Complete Joy"), one of Mongolia's largest and most important Buddhist monasteries. Started in 1838, it suffered under the Stalinist purges of 1937, when most other monasteries were completely demolished, but survived to resume its original purpose in 1990. It now has more than 600 monks. This picture: the Boddhisattva Avalokiteshvara Temple contains a 26.5-metre-high gilded staue of Migjid Janraisag, a bodhisattva (a monk who has voluntarily decided not to enter Nirvana, but to devote himself to saving other souls). A mythical creature and a row of prayer wheels in the foreground. Keywords: Mongol, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, statue, monument, capital, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR135K-15 Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Gandantegchinlen Khiid ("Great Place of Complete Joy"), one of Mongolia's largest and most important Buddhist monasteries. Started in 1838, it suffered under the Stalinist purges of 1937, when most other monasteries were completely demolished, but survived to resume its original purpose in 1990. It now has more than 600 monks. This picture: the Boddhisattva Avalokiteshvara Temple contains a 26.5-metre-high gilded staue of Migjid Janraisag, a bodhisattva (a monk who has voluntarily decided not to enter Nirvana, but to devote himself to saving other souls). A gilded stupa surrounded by prayer wheels in the foreground. Keywords: Mongol, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, statue, monument, capital, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR135K-14 Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Gandantegchinlen Khiid ("Great Place of Complete Joy"), one of Mongolia's largest and most important Buddhist monasteries. Started in 1838, it suffered under the Stalinist purges of 1937, when most other monasteries were completely demolished, but survived to resume its original purpose in 1990. It now has more than 600 monks. This picture: a long row of brass prayer wheels behind the Golden Temple. Keywords: Mongol, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, statue, monument, capital, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR135K-13 Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Gandantegchinlen Khiid ("Great Place of Complete Joy"), one of Mongolia's largest and most important Buddhist monasteries. Started in 1838, it suffered under the Stalinist purges of 1937, when most other monasteries were completely demolished, but survived to resume its original purpose in 1990. It now has more than 600 monks. This picture: the central, cobbled courtyard has its resident population of pigeons. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, capital, monument, statue, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan
PMR135K-12 Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Gandantegchinlen Khiid ("Great Place of Complete Joy"), one of Mongolia's largest and most important Buddhist monasteries. Started in 1838, it suffered under the Stalinist purges of 1937, when most other monasteries were completely demolished, but survived to resume its original purpose in 1990. It now has more than 600 monks. This picture: a row of colourful shelters containing prayer wheels. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, capital, monument, statue, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan
PMR133K-36 Switzerland, Bernese Oberland, Thun: traditional houses on the Outer River Aare, seen from the Postbrücke (bridge). Keywords: Alps, alpine meadows, colourful, picturesque, outdoor, snow-capped, alpine flowers, alpine, mountains
PMR132K-31 Cambodia, Siem Reap: the Khmer temples were built as the Khmer civilization flowered, from the 8th to the 14th centuries AD in what is now Cambodia and Thailand. The architectural style closely resembles that of India at the same period, but Hindu gods are often joined, or even replaced, by figures of Buddha. Angkor is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This picture: The Bayon (13th century), the state temple of King Jayavarman VII, is famous for its numerous carved faces. A bas relief of dancing "apsaras" (celestial dancers) on a column of the outer gallery. Keywords: historic, shrine, Khmer, architecture, religion, Buddhist, Hindu, temples, picturesque, national heritage
PMR124K-36 Germany, Thuringia, Gotha: outer facade of the west wing of Friedenstein Palace which now houses a museum. Keywords: East Germany, picturesque, Baroque, architecture, historic, national heritage
PMR122K-29 United Arab Emirates, Dubai: "Atlantis on the Palm" resort, hotel, shopping and entertainment centre at the outer edge of Palm-Jumeirah. Keywords: modern architecture, lawn sprinklers, air conditioning, Arab state, Arab, Muslim, Islam, high rise buildings, desert city, skyscrapers
PMR121K-08 United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi: Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan Mosque, completed in 2007, cost $545m. and combines Mughal, Moorish and Arab architecture. It was inspired by the Badshahi Mosque in Lahore and Hassan II Mosque in Casablanca. It has 82 domes and can accommodate 40,000 worshippers. The main hall of prayer contains the world's largest chandelier (over 9 tonnes in weight) and the world's largest hand-knotted carpet, and can accommodate over 7,000 worshippers. This picture: a blue-tiled reflecting pool surrounds the outer courtyard columns. Keywords: Arab state, traditional architecture, Koran, muezzin, minarets, desert city, Islam, Muslim, Arab
PMR092K-33 Turkey, Gallipoli Peninsula, Kilitbahir: a ship in the Dardanelles, passing the fortress, showing the crenellated outer wall. Keywords: First World War, Dardanelles Campaign, ANZAC, 25th April 1915, Allied landings, Battlefields, Military Cemeteries, Military Graves, Memorials, WWI Battlefields, Atatürk, Mustafa Kemal
PMR085K-33 Germany, Thuringia, Eisenach: The Wartburg Fortress, an indissoluble part of German history, dating back to the 12th century. Here the Minnesänger (troubadours) took part in the famous jousts, recalled in Wagner's opera Tannhäuser. Here Martin Luther studied before translating the New Testament. It was the seat of the dukes of Saxe-Eisenach until 1741 when it was ceded to the house of Saxe-Weimar. The castle is perched on a rocky spur overlooking the town of Eisenach. Here: a historic well with highly ornate cast iron yoke, in the outer courtyard. Keywords: picturesque, national heritage, architecture, historic castle, mediaeval
PMR085K-32 Germany, Thuringia, Eisenach: The Wartburg Fortress, an indissoluble part of German history, dating back to the 12th century. Here the Minnesänger (troubadours) took part in the famous jousts, recalled in Wagner's opera Tannhäuser. Here Martin Luther studied before translating the New Testament. It was the seat of the dukes of Saxe-Eisenach until 1741 when it was ceded to the house of Saxe-Weimar. The castle is perched on a rocky spur overlooking the town of Eisenach. Here: a historic well with highly ornate cast iron yoke, in the outer courtyard. Keywords: picturesque, mediaeval, historic castle, architecture, national heritage
PMR056K-28 Malta, Gozo, Xaghra: Ggantija prehistoric temples, dating from about 3000 BC - entrance, with part of the outer wall, which incorporates some enormous stones.
PMR056K-26 Malta, Gozo, Xaghra: Ggantija prehistoric temples, dating from about 3000 BC - part of the outer wall, 8 metres high, of the south temple.
PMR055K-21 Malta: Hagar Qim, a megalithic temple from the copper age, about 3000 years BC. Here, some of the highest monoliths comprising the outer wall, heavily weathered.
PMR076K-15 Germany, Franconia, Nuremberg: part of the town's defence fortifications: the Frauentor dry ditch and outer ringwall with defence tower; a higher, inner ringwall can be seen to the right. Keywords: mediaeval, historic, heritage
PMR076K-12 Germany, Franconia, Nuremberg: a wistaria flowers on the mighty Königstor outer ringwall with fortified defence tower. Keywords: mediaeval, historic, heritage, fortifications
PMR685-03 Germany, Bavaria, Nuremberg: Spitlertor-Turm (Spitler Gate Tower), built as a square tower in 1385, acquiring a circular outer wall in 1558. Keywords: Nürnberg, defence, fortifications, autumn colours, reflections, architecture, national heritage, picturesque, mediaeval
PMR678-09 Mongolia, Töv: Mandshir Khiid, a monastery of 350 monks, now in the Bogdkhan Strictly Protected Area, was destroyed on Stalin's orders in 1937, but one temple has been rebuilt as a museum. Ruins of the adobe walls of the former assembly hall of the monastery. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR678-08 Mongolia, Töv: Mandshir Khiid, a monastery of 350 monks, now in the Bogdkhan Strictly Protected Area, was destroyed on Stalin's orders in 1937, but one temple has been rebuilt as a museum. Buddhist stele in the Foreground. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR678-07 Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar: view of the capital from the south-west. Keywords: Mongol, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, statue, monument, capital, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR678-06 Mongolia, Töv: a spring, sacred to the Mongolians, at the foot of Eej Khad (Mother Rock/Holy Mountain). A tree, growing where the spring leaves the mountain, is loaded with blue cloth offerings. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR678-05 Mongolia, Töv: a spring, sacred to the Mongolians, at the foot of Eej Khad (Mother Rock/Holy Mountain). Decorated with the usual blue-cloth offerings. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR678-04 Mongolia, Töv: view of Eej Khad (Mother Rock/Holy Mountain), with tree in the foreground. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR678-03 Mongolia, Töv: weathered granite slabs on the flank of Eej Khad (Mother Rock/Holy Mountain). Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR678-02 Mongolia, Töv: a Buddhist stupa at the foot of Eej Khad (Mother Rock/Holy Mountain). Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR678-01 Mongolia, Töv: Rotel bus negotiating a tricky patch of mud after heavy rain. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR677-12 Mongolia, Dundgov: Baga Gazriin Chuluu, an area of granite outcrops in the Gobi Desert. Stratified, bizarre granite rock formations. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR677-11 Mongolia, Dundgov: Baga Gazriin Chuluu, an area of granite outcrops in the Gobi Desert. Distant view of the Rotel bus, parked at the edge of the granite rocks. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR677-10A Mongolia, Dundgov: Baga Gazriin Chuluu, an area of granite outcrops in the Gobi Desert. Black Vulture (Aegypius monachus) on nest with one chick, fully grown. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR677-10 Mongolia, Dundgov: Baga Gazriin Chuluu, an area of granite outcrops in the Gobi Desert. Black Vulture (Aegypius monachus) on nest with one chick, fully grown. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR677-09 Mongolia, Dundgov: Baga Gazriin Chuluu, an area of granite outcrops in the Gobi Desert. An "ovoo" (pile of rocks as a religious offering) on the flat top of a holy mountain, with the usual blue cloths. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR677-08 Mongolia, Dundgov: Baga Gazriin Chuluu, an area of granite outcrops in the Gobi Desert. Stratified, bizarre granite rock formations. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR677-07 Mongolia, Dundgov: Baga Gazriin Chuluu, an area of granite outcrops in the Gobi Desert. Stratified, bizarre granite rock formations. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR677-06 Mongolia, Dundgov: Baga Gazriin Chuluu, an area of granite outcrops in the Gobi Desert. Hikers walking through a rocky defile. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR677-05 Mongolia, Dundgov: Baga Gazriin Chuluu, an area of granite outcrops in the Gobi Desert. A winter homestead with shelter for sheep and goats (temperatures can reach minus 40 degrees) Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR677-04 Mongolia, Dundgov: Baga Gazriin Chuluu, an area of granite outcrops in the Gobi Desert. A family Buddhist stupa on a deserted, winter homestead. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR677-03 Mongolia, Dundgov: Baga Gazriin Chuluu, an area of granite outcrops in the Gobi Desert. The bleached bones of a horse near the rocks. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR677-02 Mongolia, Dundgov: Baga Gazriin Chuluu, an area of granite outcrops in the Gobi Desert. Hikers taking a breather amid the rock formations. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR677-01 Mongolia, Dundgov: Baga Gazriin Chuluu, an area of granite outcrops in the Gobi Desert. Stratified, bizarre granite rock formations. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR676-12 Mongolia, Dundgov: Baga Gazriin Chuluu, an area of granite outcrops in the Gobi Desert. Hikers exploring the rock formations. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR676-11 Mongolia, Dundgov: Baga Gazriin Chuluu, an area of granite outcrops in the Gobi Desert. Hikers walking through a rocky defile. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR676-09 Mongolia, Dundgov: Baga Gazriin Chuluu, an area of granite outcrops in the Gobi Desert. Gers (yurts) in a ger-camp, available for travellers' sleeping accommodation. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR676-08 Mongolia, Dundgov: Baga Gazriin Chuluu, an area of granite outcrops in the Gobi Desert. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR676-07 Mongolia, Dundgov: Baga Gazriin Chuluu, an area of granite outcrops in the Gobi Desert. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR676-06 Mongolia, Dundgov: Baga Gazriin Chuluu, an area of granite outcrops in the Gobi Desert. View of the landscape of outcrops with a ger (yurt) in the distance. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR676-05 Mongolia, Dundgov: Baga Gazriin Chuluu, an area of granite outcrops in the Gobi Desert. Ger (yurt) camp with its green wooden restaurant on the edge of the outcrops. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR676-04 Mongolia, Dundgov: Baga Gazriin Chuluu, an area of granite outcrops in the Gobi Desert. Rotel bus parked in a grassy depression between the outcrops. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR676-03 Mongolia, Dundov, Mandalgov (Gobi Desert): goats, tethered together, being milked, with Rotel bus in the background. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR676-02 Mongolia, Dundov, Mandalgov: this town with a population of 14,000 is the capital of Dundov aimag in the Gobi Desert. Statue of Lenin has survived the political changes. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR676-01 Mongolia, Dundov, Mandalgov: this town with a population of 14,000 is the capital of Dundov aimag in the Gobi Desert. The main square, with a statue of Sükhbaatar. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR675-12 Mongolia, Dundgov, Ölziit (Gobi Desert): Tsagaan Suvraga, an area of 30-metre-high white limestone formations which resembles a moon landscape. It was originally beneath the sea. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR675-11 Mongolia, Övörkhangai: Yolyn Am (Vulture's Mouth) Gorge in the Saikhan National Park (Gobi Desert) where Griffon Vultures are always to be seen. A metre-thick layer of ice can still be found in the narrows, even in summer. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR675-10 Mongolia, Övörkhangai: Yolyn Am (Vulture's Mouth) Gorge in the Saikhan National Park (Gobi Desert) where Griffon Vultures are always to be seen. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR675-09 Mongolia, Bulgan (Gobi Desert): walking to the top of the Odeen Davaa Pass (2100m.) where ibex may be seen. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR675-08 Mongolia, Ömnögov, Bayanzag (Gobi Desert): a sandy area stabilised by saxaul shrubs where American palaeontologist Roy Chapman Andrews discovered numerous fossilised Protoceratops dinosaurs with nests and eggs in 1922. This part was called "The Flaming Cliffs" by Roy Chapman Andrews. Keywords: Mongol, geological, geology, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR675-07 Mongolia, Ömnögov, Bayanzag (Gobi Desert): a sandy area stabilised by saxaul shrubs where American palaeontologist Roy Chapman Andrews discovered numerous fossilised Protoceratops dinosaurs with nests and eggs in 1922. This part was called "The Flaming Cliffs" by Roy Chapman Andrews. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR675-06 Mongolia, Ömnögov, Bayanzag (Gobi Desert): a sandy area stabilised by saxaul shrubs where American palaeontologist Roy Chapman Andrews discovered numerous fossilised Protoceratops dinosaurs with nests and eggs in 1922. This part was called "The Flaming Cliffs" by Roy Chapman Andrews. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR675-05 Mongolia, Ömnögov, Bayanzag (Gobi Desert): a sandy area stabilised by saxaul shrubs where American palaeontologist Roy Chapman Andrews discovered numerous fossilised Protoceratops dinosaurs with nests and eggs in 1922. Keywords: Mongol, geological, geology, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR675-04 Mongolia, Övörkhangai: picturesque landscape in Orkhon Gol (River) Valley in the Khangaii Nuruu National Park. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR675-03 Mongolia, Övörkhangai: the Orkhon Gol (River) in the Khangaii Nuruu National Park before it reaches the waterfall. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR675-02 Mongolia, Övörkhangai: Orkhon Khürkhree (Waterfall) in the Khangaii Nuruu National Park drops 20 metres into a gorge where numerous pine trees grow. It is dry for about 10 months of the year. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR675-01 Mongolia, Övörkhangai: Orkhon Khürkhree (Waterfall) in the Khangaii Nuruu National Park drops 20 metres into a gorge where numerous pine trees grow. It is dry for about 10 months of the year. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR674-12 Mongolia, Övörkhangai: landscape in Orkhon Gol (River) Valley in the Khangaii Nuruu National Park. Trees growing in the shelter of the escarpment. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR674-11 Mongolia, Övörkhangai: landscape in Orkhon Gol (River) Valley in the Khangaii Nuruu National Park. Leaves of Iris lactea plants in the foreground. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR674-10 Mongolia, Övörkhangai: landscape in Orkhon Gol (River) Valley in the Khangaii Nuruu National Park. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR674-09 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Kharkhorin, formerly Karakorum: a modern interpretation of the "Silver Tree Fountain", a feature of ancient Karakorum, designed by a French sculptor, Guillaume Bouchier, in 1253. The four lion's heads were reputed to deliver mare's milk, whilst the golden spouts delivered wine, rice wine, bal (mead) and airag (fermented mare's milk) simultaneously. Keywords: Mongol, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR674-08 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Kharkhorin, formerly Karakorum: Erdene Zuu Khiid (Monastery) is Mongolia's oldest monastery, founded in 1586 by Altai Khaan. It contained up to 100 temples within its walls as well as numerous gers. Perhaps 1000 monks were in residence at its peak. With the exception of three temples, the monastery was laid waste in the Stalinist purges of 1937, and the monks dispersed or killed. Since 1990 it has resumed its religious role. This picture: one of the three remaining temples in the grounds, dedicated to the childhood of Buddha. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism, Buddhist
PMR674-07 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Kharkhorin, formerly Karakorum: Erdene Zuu Khiid (Monastery) is Mongolia's oldest monastery, founded in 1586 by Altai Khaan. It contained up to 100 temples within its walls as well as numerous gers. Perhaps 1000 monks were in residence at its peak. With the exception of three temples, the monastery was laid waste in the Stalinist purges of 1937, and the monks dispersed or killed. Since 1990 it has resumed its religious role. This picture: a row of prayer wheels in the grounds. Keywords: Mongol, Buddhism, Buddhist, sharmanism, religious monuments, Chinggis Khaan, Genghis Khan, steppe, Outer Mongolia
PMR674-06 Mongolia, Övörkhangai Aimag (Province), Kharkhorin, formerly Karakorum: Erdene Zuu Khiid (Monastery) is Mongolia's oldest monastery, founded in 1586 by Altai Khaan. It contained up to 100 temples within its walls as well as numerous gers. Perhaps 1000 monks were in residence at its peak. With the exception of three temples, the monastery was laid waste in the Stalinist purges of 1937, and the monks dispersed or killed. Since 1990 it has resumed its religious role. This picture: the Golden Prayer Stupa (1799) surmounted by the flame symbol, in the grounds. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism, Buddhist, Buddhism
PMR674-05 Mongolia, Arkhangai Aimag (Province): Mongolian visitors posing in front of the Taikhar Chuluu Monolith. Legend has it that a local hero hurled the monolith at a huge serpent, which may still be under the rock. Many Mongolians come to visit, and most leave their names in the form of grafitti! Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR674-04 Mongolia, Bulgan Aimag (Province): pair of ornate Buddhist stupas on the steppe, with the usual blue cloth offerings. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan, religious monuments, sharmanism
PMR674-03 Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar: Sükhbaatar Square, the centre of the capital, with equestrian statue of Damdin Sükhbaatar and the Genghis Khan monument which fronts Parliament House. Keywords: Mongol, Outer Mongolia, steppe, capital, monument, statue, Genghis Khan, Chinggis Khaan
PMR634-10 Germany, Thuringia, Eisenach: the Wartburg, embedded in German conciousness for almost 1000 years through connections with Martin Luther and Wagner's Tannhäuser, evolved in different periods, the half timbered part dating from the 15th and 16th centuries. A UNESCO World Heritage site. Here: view of the black and white timber framed outer courtyard, with an old cannon in the foreground. Keywords: historic town, mediaeval, picturesque, national heritage
PMR634-09 Germany, Thuringia, Eisenach: the Wartburg, embedded in German conciousness for almost 1000 years through connections with Martin Luther and Wagner's Tannhäuser, evolved in different periods, the half timbered part dating from the 15th and 16th centuries. A UNESCO World Heritage site. Here: view of the timber framed buildings in the outer courtyard with ornamental cast-iron well yoke. Keywords: historic town, mediaeval, picturesque, national heritage
PMR606-02 Malta, Gozo, Xaghra: altar niche in the Ggantije prehistoric temple, dating back to the 4th millennium BC. The outer wall is believed to have been at least 10 metres high. Keywords: prehistoric temple, ruin, copper age, altar
PMR648-09 Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The outer wall of the New Forum of Septimius Severus which he laid out between 193 and 211 AD to replace the old forum. Keywords: Roman architecture, Punic architecture, Maghreb, archeology, archeological excavations, stone carving, artistic, historical city

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