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Travel (888 files)

PMR145-10
Bulgaria, Plovdiv: the fine Roman Theatre, built in the time of the Emperor Trajan (reigned 98 -117 AD). View of the "Orchestra" and the "Skene" (stage) and the 28 concentric rows of marble seats, now used for local presentations.
Keywords: metropolis, architecture, heritage, culture, historic, picturesque, Ottoman, Trimontium, archeology, excavations

PMR145-08
Bulgaria, Plovdiv: the fine Roman Theatre, built in the time of the Emperor Trajan (reigned 98 -117 AD). View of the "Orchestra" and the "Skene" (stage). Now used for local presentations.
Keywords: metropolis, architecture, heritage, culture, historic, picturesque, Ottoman, Trimontium, archeology, excavations

PMR145-04
Bulgaria, Plovdiv: Hissar Kapiya (Eastern Gate) of the Roman fortifications of the town. On the right, the Georgiadi House (1848), presently the home of the Museum of National Liberation Movements
Keywords: metropolis, architecture, heritage, culture, historic, picturesque, Ottoman, Trimontium, cobblestones

PMR145-01
Bulgaria, Plovdiv: called "Trimontium" by the Romans because of its situation on three hills, Bulgaria's second city now embraces seven hills, of which two are to be seen in this view over the rooftops.
Keywords: metropolis, architecture, heritage, culture, historic, Ottoman, Trimontium, panorama, wooded

PMR143-09
Bulgaria, Sofia: Banya Bachi Mosque, built in 1576 on the site of Roman mineral springs.
Keywords: capital city, metropolis, architecture, heritage, culture, historic, minaret, market

PMR143-06
Bulgaria, Sofia: the round Church of St. George, dating from 10/11th century, standing on the site of a Roman public bath from the 4th century, and surrounded on all sides by the Balkan Hotel. During the Turkish occupation it served as a mosque.
Keywords: capital city, metropolis, architecture, heritage, culture, historic, mediaeval

PMR-D13476
Turkey, Milas, Gumuskesen: The Gumuskesen Monument, built between 160 and 180 AD during Roman rule. It is considered to be a small copy of the Mausoleum in Halicarnossos (which was one of the seven wonders of the world) and probably belonged to rich or important persons.
Keywords: antiquity, architecture, heritage, historic, marble

PMR-D13475
Turkey, Milas, Gumuskesen: The Gumuskesen Monument, built between 160 and 180 AD during Roman rule. It is considered to be a small copy of the Mausoleum in Halicarnossos (which was one of the seven wonders of the world) and probably belonged to rich or important persons.
Keywords: antiquity, architecture, heritage, historic, marble

PMR-D13473
Turkey, Mugla, Marmaris: luxury yacht "Eclipse", built in 2009 by Blohm+Voss, Hamburg. It is the third largest luxury yacht and is equipped with 24 guest cabins and two swimming pools, and has three launch boats and a mini submarine as well as two helicopter landing pads. Owned by Roman Abramovich (2022), it is estimated to have cost about 340 million euros.
Keywords: billionaire, expensive, high living, superyachts

PMR-D13362
Turkey, Mugla Province, Heraclea: typical granite rocks on which the city stands.
Keywords: archeology, Greek , Hellenic, Herakleia, heritage, historical, Latmos, Roman

PMR-D13360
Turkey, Mugla Province, Heraclea: part of the ruins of the Hellenic city on Lake Bafa, formerly Latmos, dating from 5-6th centuries BC: the Temple of Athena, 9 x 17 metres, standing on a hill west of the agora.
Keywords: archeology, Greek , Hellenic, Herakleia, heritage, historical, Latmos, Roman

PMR-D13359
Turkey, Mugla Province, Heraclea: part of the ruins of the Hellenic city on Lake Bafa, formerly Latmos, dating from 5-6th centuries BC: the Temple of Athena, 9 x 17 metres, standing west of the agora.
Keywords: archeology, Greek , Hellenic, Herakleia, heritage, historical, Latmos, Roman

PMR-D13358
Turkey, Mugla Province, Heraclea: part of the modern Turkish village of Kapikiri nestling between the granite rocks with Lake Bafa in the background.
Keywords: archeology, Greek , Hellenic, Herakleia, heritage, historical, Latmos, Roman

PMR-D13357
Turkey, Mugla Province, Heraclea: part of the ruins of the Hellenic city on Lake Bafa, formerly Latmos, dating from 5-6th centuries BC: a natural corral for farm animals between the granite rocks and the wall of the agora.
Keywords: archeology, Greek , Hellenic, Herakleia, heritage, historical, Latmos, Roman

PMR-D13356
Turkey, Mugla Province, Heraclea: part of the ruins of the Hellenic city on Lake Bafa, formerly Latmos, dating from 5-6th centuries BC: row of shops enclosing the south side of the agora.
Keywords: archeology, Greek , Hellenic, Herakleia, heritage, historical, Latmos, Roman

PMR-D13355
Turkey, Mugla Province, Heraclea: Lake Bafa (an arm of the sea in antiquity) with the ruins of the port installations of Heraclea on an island. Seen from an olive grove.
Keywords: archeology, Greek , Hellenic, Herakleia, heritage, historical, Latmos, Roman

PMR-D13354
Turkey, Mugla Province, Heraclea: part of the ruins of the Hellenic city on Lake Bafa, formerly Latmos, dating from 5-6th centuries BC: small section of wall
Keywords: archeology, Greek , Hellenic, Herakleia, heritage, historical, Latmos, Roman

PMR-D13353
Turkey, Mugla Province, Heraclea: part of the ruins of the Hellenic city on Lake Bafa, formerly Latmos, dating from 5-6th centuries BC: the Temple of Athena (right), 9 x 17 metres, standing west of the agora.
Keywords: archeology, Greek , Hellenic, Herakleia, heritage, historical, Latmos, Roman

PMR-D13352
Turkey, Mugla Province, Heraclea: part of the ruins of the Hellenic city on Lake Bafa, formerly Latmos, dating from 5-6th centuries BC: the Temple of Athena, 9 x 17 metres, standing west of the agora.
Keywords: archeology, Greek , Hellenic, Herakleia, heritage, historical, Latmos, Roman

PMR-D13351
Turkey, Mugla Province, Heraclea: Lake Bafa (an arm of the sea in antiquity) with the ruins of the port installations of Heraclea on an island.
Keywords: archeology, Greek , Hellenic, Herakleia, heritage, historical, Latmos, Roman

PMR-D13340
Turkey, Aydin Province, Didyma: ruins of the Hellenistic temple of Apollo, begun in the 8th century BC but never completed. A sanctuary in the domain of the city of Miletus and one of the largest and best preserved temples in classical antiquity.
Keywords: archeology, Greek , heritage, historic, Ionia, Roman, stone carving

PMR-D13333
Germany, Bavaria, Ebermannstad: the Marienkapelle, oldest building in the town, dating back to Roman times and before, but badly damaged and rebuilt many times.
Keywords: architecture, culture, heritage, historic, mediaeval, picturesque, Wiesent Valley

PMR-D13332
Germany, Bavaria, Ebermannstad: the Marienkapelle, oldest building in the town, dating back to Roman times and before, but badly damaged and rebuilt many times.
Keywords: architecture, culture, heritage, historic, mediaeval, picturesque, Wiesent Valley

PMR-D13330
Germany, Bavaria, Ebermannstadt: Roman Catholic church of St. Nikolaus, built in 1859 in neo Romanesque style.
Keywords: architecture, culture, heritage, historic, mediaeval, picturesque, Wiesent Valley

PMR-D12845
Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Bad Wimpfen: the town dates back to Celtic times, and was an important Roman and Staufer centre when the Stauferpfalz (citadel) was built in the 12th century. Half-timbered houses in the Hauptstrasse.
Keywords: architecture, cobbles, culture, heritage, historic, mediaeval, picturesque, timber-frame, wattle and daub

PMR-D12844
Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Bad Wimpfen: the town dates back to Celtic times, and was an important Roman and Staufer centre when the Stauferpfalz (citadel) was built in the 12th century. Hauptstrasse, with the Haus Feyerabend at the end, boasting a handsome oriel window from 1563.
Keywords: architecture, cobbles, culture, heritage, historic, mediaeval, picturesque, timber-frame, wattle and daub

PMR-D12843
Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Bad Wimpfen: the town dates back to Celtic times, and was an important Roman and Staufer centre when the Stauferpfalz (citadel) was built in the 12th century. The "Bügeleisenhaus" ("flat-iron-house") Badgasse 10, the smallest timber-frame building in the town.
Keywords: architecture, cobbles, culture, heritage, historic, mediaeval, picturesque, timber-frame, wattle and daub

PMR-D12842
Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Bad Wimpfen: the town dates back to Celtic times, and was an important Roman and Staufer centre when the Stauferpfalz (citadel) was built in the 12th century. Timber-framed houses in the market place (Marktplatz). Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Bad Wimpfen: the town dates back to Celtic times, and was an important Roman and Staufer centre when the Stauferpfalz (citadel) was built in the 12th century. Timber-framed houses in the market place (Marktplatz).
Keywords: architecture, cobbles, culture, heritage, historic, mediaeval, picturesque, timber-frame, wattle and daub

PMR-D12841
Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Bad Wimpfen: the town dates back to Celtic times, and was an important Roman and Staufer centre when the Stauferpfalz (citadel) was built in the 12th century. A neatly-built turret on the side of the Red Tower (Roter Turm), with the "Nürnberger Türmchen" on the corner of the bastion, behind.
Keywords: architecture, culture, heritage, historic, mediaeval, picturesque, timber-frame, wattle and daub

PMR-D12840
Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Bad Wimpfen: the town dates back to Celtic times, and was an important Roman and Staufer centre when the Stauferpfalz (citadel) was built in the 12th century. View of the Hauptstrasse from the walls of the Stauferpfalz, with the Dominican church in the distance.
Keywords: architecture, cobbles, culture, heritage, historic, mediaeval, picturesque, timber-frame, wattle and daub

PMR-D12839
Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Bad Wimpfen: the town dates back to Celtic times, and was an important Roman and Staufer centre when the Stauferpfalz (citadel) was built in the 12th century. View of the Blauer Turm from the walls of the Stauferpfalz.
Keywords: architecture, cobbles, culture, heritage, historic, mediaeval, picturesque, timber-frame, wattle and daub

PMR-D12838
Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Bad Wimpfen: the town dates back to Celtic times, and was an important Roman and Staufer centre when the Stauferpfalz (citadel) was built in the 12th century. The River Neckar from the wall of the Stauferpfalz, with the village of Offenau in the distance.
Keywords: architecture, cobbles, culture, heritage, historic, mediaeval, picturesque, timber-frame, wattle and daub

PMR-D12837
Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Bad Wimpfen: the town dates back to Celtic times, and was an important Roman and Staufer centre when the Stauferpfalz (citadel) was built in the 12th century. Colourful display of kitsch.
Keywords: architecture, cobbles, culture, heritage, historic, mediaeval, picturesque, timber-frame, wattle and daub

PMR-D12836
Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Bad Wimpfen: the town dates back to Celtic times, and was an important Roman and Staufer centre when the Stauferpfalz (citadel) was built in the 12th century. The Blauer Turm (Blue Tower) in the Kaiserpfalz (ca. 1200).
Keywords: architecture, cobbles, culture, heritage, historic, mediaeval, picturesque, timber-frame, wattle and daub

PMR-D12835
Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Bad Wimpfen: the town dates back to Celtic times, and was an important Roman and Staufer centre when the Stauferpfalz (citadel) was built in the 12th century. The Blauer Turm (Blue Tower) in the Kaiserpfalz (ca. 1200).
Keywords: architecture, cobbles, culture, heritage, historic, mediaeval, picturesque, timber-frame, wattle and daub

PMR-D12834
Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Bad Wimpfen: the town dates back to Celtic times, and was an important Roman and Staufer centre when the Stauferpfalz (citadel) was built in the 12th century. Twin towers of the parish church, dating from 13th century, later converted to Gothic style.
Keywords: architecture, cobbles, culture, heritage, historic, mediaeval, picturesque, timber-frame, wattle and daub

PMR-D12833
Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Bad Wimpfen: the town dates back to Celtic times, and was an important Roman and Staufer centre when the Stauferpfalz (citadel) was built in the 12th century. The Lion Fountain, with former hospital on the left.
Keywords: architecture, cobbles, culture, heritage, historic, mediaeval, picturesque, timber-frame, wattle and daub

PMR-D12832
Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Bad Wimpfen: the town dates back to Celtic times, and was an important Roman and Staufer centre when the Stauferpfalz (citadel) was built in the 12th century. View towards the market place, with the towers of the parish church behind.
Keywords: architecture, cobbles, culture, heritage, historic, mediaeval, picturesque, timber-frame, wattle and daub

PMR-D12831
Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Bad Wimpfen: the town dates back to Celtic times, and was an important Roman and Staufer centre when the Stauferpfalz (citadel) was built in the 12th century. Hauptstrasse and the start of the pedestrian zone.
Keywords: architecture, cobbles, culture, heritage, historic, mediaeval, picturesque, timber-frame, wattle and daub

PMR114-05
Italy, Emilia-Romagna, Rimini: the Bridge of Tiberius, built 14-21 AD across the River Marecchia, still carries much of the modern traffic entering Rimini.
Keywords: architecture, historic, heritage, picturesque, antiquity, Roman

PMR114-04
Italy, Emilia-Romagna, Rimini: the Bridge of Tiberius, built 14-21 AD across the River Marecchia, still carries much of the modern traffic entering Rimini.
Keywords: architecture, historic, heritage, picturesque, antiquity, Roman, reflections

PMR114-02
Italy, Emilia-Romagna, Rimini: Arch of Augustus, built in 27 BC where the Via Flaminia meets the Via Emilia. It was damaged in a Greek siege in 538 AD and restored in the 10th century.
Keywords: architecture, historic, heritage, picturesque, antiquity, Roman

PMR114-01
Italy, Emilia-Romagna, Rimini: Piazza Tre Martiri, formerly the Roman Forum, showing Palazzo Brioli with its 16th century clocktower, boasting a sun-moon calendar. The shrine of Sant' Antonio is visible in the background.
Keywords: architecture, historic, heritage, picturesque, antiquity, palace

PMR113-02
Italy, Ravenna: Basilica of San Apollinare in Classe, with 10th century campanile. Statue of Roman Emperor Augustus, founder of the port and town of Classis (Classe).
Keywords: architecture, historic, heritage, palace, antiquity, mediaeval, picturesque, monument

PMR104-02
Egypt, Aswan: the Temple of Isis on the Island of Agilkia, a few miles south of Aswan, formerly stood on the Island of Philae. Built between the 4th century BC and the 2nd century AD (Ptolemies and Romans). It was removed, stone by stone, and re-erected in its present position. Entrance and facade with relief figures on the pylons.
Keywords: Egyptology, archeology, antiquity, historical, hieroglyphics, architecture, culture

PMR104-01
Egypt, Aswan: the Temple of Isis on the Island of Agilkia, a few miles south of Aswan, formerly stood on the Island of Philae. Built between the 4th century BC and the 2nd century AD (Ptolemies and Romans). It was removed, stone by stone, and re-erected in its present position. Colonnade and pylons from the pillars of the portico.
Keywords: Egyptology, archeology, antiquity, historical, hieroglyphics, architecture, culture

PMR103-12
Egypt, Aswan: the Temple of Isis on the Island of Agilkia, a few miles south of Aswan, formerly stood on the Island of Philae. Built between the 4th century BC and the 2nd century AD (Ptolemies and Romans). It was removed, stone by stone, and re-erected in its present position. Pylon relief: the Goddess Isis with Pharaoh Ptolemy (?); God Horus.
Keywords: Egyptology, archeology, antiquity, historical, hieroglyphics, architecture, culture

PMR103-11
Egypt, Aswan: the Temple of Isis on the Island of Agilkia, a few miles south of Aswan, formerly stood on the Island of Philae. Built between the 4th century BC and the 2nd century AD (Ptolemies and Romans). It was removed, stone by stone, and re-erected in its present position. View of the colonnaded courtyard from the top of the pylon.
Roman garrisons erected wooden roofs for their troops under the colonnades (traces still to be seen).
Keywords: Egyptology, archeology, antiquity, historical, hieroglyphics, architecture, culture

PMR103-10
Egypt, Aswan: the Temple of Isis on the Island of Agilkia, a few miles south of Aswan, formerly stood on the Island of Philae. Built between the 4th century BC and the 2nd century AD (Ptolemies and Romans). It was removed, stone by stone, and re-erected in its present position. Relief figure of Goddess Isis. Finely carved column capitals, all different.
The vertical grooves on the columns were made by garrisoned Roman soldiers sharpening their swords (in later centuries).
Keywords: Egyptology, archeology, antiquity, historical, hieroglyphics, architecture, culture

PMR103-09
Egypt, Aswan: the Temple of Isis on the Island of Agilkia, a few miles south of Aswan, formerly stood on the Island of Philae. Built between the 4th century BC and the 2nd century AD (Ptolemies and Romans). It was removed, stone by stone, and re-erected in its present position. Main pylons with reliefs, and colonnade with open-lotus-flower capitals.
Keywords: Egyptology, archeology, antiquity, historical, hieroglyphics, architecture, culture

PMR103-08
Egypt, Aswan: the Temple of Isis on the Island of Agilkia, a few miles south of Aswan, formerly stood on the Island of Philae before it was flooded. Built between the 4th century BC and 2nd century AD (Ptolomies and Romans). Wall relief: Goddess Isis and God Horus receiving offerings.
Keywords: Egyptology, archeology, antiquity, historical, hieroglyphics, architecture, culture

PMR094-06
Austria, Krems: the late Gothic Piarist Church rests partly on the remains of the Roman town wall.
Keywords: architecture, traditional, picturesque, mediaeval, church-tower

PMR090-05
Austria, Vienna: a modern sculpture and reflecting pool, with, in the background, the Karlskirche (St. Charles' Church), a fascinating mixture of architectural styles, Greek, Roman and Baroque. Built 1714-1737 by Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach and dedicated to St. Charles Borromeo. The columns were copied from Trajan's Column in Rome.
Keywords: capital, city, architecture, historic, national heritage, metropolis, culture

PMR090-04
Austria, Vienna: Karlskirche (St. Charles' Church), a fascinating mixture of architectural styles, Greek, Roman and Baroque. Built 1714-1737 by Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach and dedicated to St. Charles Borromeo. The columns were copied from Trajan's Column in Rome.
Keywords: capital, city, architecture, historic, national heritage, metropolis, culture

PMR089-12
Austria, Vienna: Karlskirche (St. Charles' Church), a fascinating mixture of architectural styles, Greek, Roman and Baroque. Built 1714-1737 by Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach and dedicated to St. Charles Borromeo. The columns were copied from Trajan's Column in Rome. Karlsplatz in the foreground.
Keywords: capital, city, architecture, historic, national heritage, metropolis, culture

PMR075-12
Yugoslavia, Croatia, Split: souvenir stalls among the Roman columns with the Porta Argentea (Silver Gate) in the background
Keywords: architecture, historic, stone, heritage, ruins

PMR075-10
Yugoslavia, Croatia, Split: houses built in the south east corner of the (Roman) Palace of Diocletian (foreground); view from the campanile with railway and ferry terminals and waterfront
Keywords: architecture, historic, stone, mellow, port, Adriatic Sea

PMR-D12059
Turkey, Mugia Province, Euromos: vaulted monument tomb from the Roman period in the south necropolis.
Keywords: Aegean, antiquity, archeology, architecture, art, culture, excavations, Greek, Hellenic, heritage, historic, masonry, picturesque, Roman, ruin

PMR-D12058
Turkey, Mugia Province, Euromos: vaulted monument tombs from the Roman period in the south necropolis.
Keywords: Aegean, antiquity, archeology, architecture, art, culture, excavations, Greek, Hellenic, heritage, historic, masonry, picturesque, Roman, ruin

PMR-D12057
Turkey, Mugia Province, Euromos: a well preserved Roman Temple of Zeus dating from the 2nd century AD - has 16 standing Corinthian columns with architraves.
Keywords: Aegean, antiquity, archeology, architecture, art, culture, excavations, Greek, Hellenic, heritage, historic, masonry, picturesque, Roman, ruin

PMR-D11496
Greece, Island of Corfu, Kanoni: the scant remains of a Roman Bath complex.
Keywords: culture, heritage, historic, Ionian Islands, ruin

PMR-D11257
Turkey, Mugla, Marmaris: approaching from the sea. The town goes back to almost 1000 BC when it was founded by Doric settlers with the name "Phiscus". Subsequently it fell under Lydian, Greek, and Roman rule until being absorbed into the Osman Empire in 1408. Now a leading holiday resort on the Turkish south coast, it can accommodate over 100,000 visitors at a time.
Keywords: holiday resort, marina, Mediterranean resort, sailing, sunshine, tourist attraction, Turkish carpet centre, yachting

PMR-D11250
Turkey, Lycia, Patara: formerly a major city of the Lycian League due to its outstanding port, has been ruled by Hittites, Persians, Egyptians, Greeks and Romans et al. since the 7th century BC. Birthplace of St. Nicholas (Santa Claus). Due to the silting-up of the harbour the city was finally deserted by 1340.
This picture: the Roman lighthouse (built 60 AD), under reconstruction on its old foundations. Originally 26m high it was destroyed by an earthquake/tsunami.
Keywords: archeology, architecture, Arsinoe, culture, heritage, historic, masonry, ruined city, Termilae, Tremilae, Xanthos Valley

PMR-D11249
Turkey, Lycia, Patara: formerly a major city of the Lycian League due to its outstanding port, has been ruled by Hittites, Persians, Egyptians, Greeks and Romans et al. since the 7th century BC. Birthplace of St. Nicholas (Santa Claus). Due to the silting-up of the harbour the city was finally deserted by 1340.
This picture: the almost perfectly preserved Arch of Mettias Medustus (100 AD) which was the north gate to the city.
Keywords: archeology, architecture, Arsinoe, culture, heritage, historic, masonry, ruined city, Termilae, Tremilae, Xanthos Valley

PMR-D11248
Turkey, Lycia, Patara: formerly a major city of the Lycian League due to its outstanding port, has been ruled by Hittites, Persians, Egyptians, Greeks and Romans et al. since the 7th century BC. Birthplace of St. Nicholas (Santa Claus). Due to the silting-up of the harbour the city was finally deserted by 1340.
This picture: the main street which connects the harbour to the Agora and is lined with Ionic columns, granite on the east and marble on the west.
Keywords: archeology, architecture, Arsinoe, culture, heritage, historic, masonry, ruined city, Termilae, Tremilae, Xanthos Valley

PMR-D11246
Turkey, Lycia, Patara: formerly a major city of the Lycian League due to its outstanding port, has been ruled by Hittites, Persians, Egyptians, Greeks and Romans et al. since the 7th century BC. Birthplace of St. Nicholas (Santa Claus). Due to the silting-up of the harbour the city was finally deserted by 1340.
This picture: the cavea of the Bouleuterion or Prytaneion, which held 1400 people.
Keywords: archeology, architecture, Arsinoe, culture, heritage, historic, masonry, ruined city, Termilae, Tremilae, Xanthos Valley

PMR-D11245
Turkey, Lycia, Patara: formerly a major city of the Lycian League due to its outstanding port, has been ruled by Hittites, Persians, Egyptians, Greeks and Romans et al. since the 7th century BC. Birthplace of St. Nicholas (Santa Claus). Due to the silting-up of the harbour the city was finally deserted by 1340.
This picture: the well-preserved amphitheatre was rebuilt by Antoninus Pius in 147 AD after an earthquake. It held ca. 6000 spectators.
Keywords: archeology, architecture, Arsinoe, culture, heritage, historic, masonry, ruined city, Termilae, Tremilae, Xanthos Valley

PMR-D11244
Turkey, Lycia, Patara: formerly a major city of the Lycian League due to its outstanding port, has been ruled by Hittites, Persians, Egyptians, Greeks and Romans et al. since the 7th century BC. Birthplace of St. Nicholas (Santa Claus). Due to the silting-up of the harbour the city was finally deserted by 1340.
This picture: the well-preserved amphitheatre was rebuilt by Antoninus Pius in 147 AD after an earthquake. It held ca. 6000 spectators.
Keywords: archeology, architecture, Arsinoe, culture, heritage, historic, masonry, ruined city, Termilae, Tremilae, Xanthos Valley

PMR-D11243
Turkey, Lycia, Patara: formerly a major city of the Lycian League due to its outstanding port, has been ruled by Hittites, Persians, Egyptians, Greeks and Romans et al. since the 7th century BC. Birthplace of St. Nicholas (Santa Claus). Due to the silting-up of the harbour the city was finally deserted by 1340.
This picture: the well-preserved amphitheatre was rebuilt by Antoninus Pius in 147 AD after an earthquake. It held ca. 6000 spectators.
Keywords: archeology, architecture, Arsinoe, culture, heritage, historic, masonry, ruined city, Termilae, Tremilae, Xanthos Valley

PMR-D11242
Turkey, Lycia, Patara: formerly a major city of the Lycian League due to its outstanding port, has been ruled by Hittites, Persians, Egyptians, Greeks and Romans et al. since the 7th century BC. Birthplace of St. Nicholas (Santa Claus). Due to the silting-up of the harbour the city was finally deserted by 1340.
This picture: the Bouleuterion or Prytaneion, the assembly hall of the Lycian League (1st century BC).
Keywords: archeology, architecture, Arsinoe, culture, heritage, historic, masonry, ruined city, Termilae, Tremilae, Xanthos Valley

PMR-D11006
Germany, Lower Bavaria, Bad Gögging: half-excavated Roman thermal bath, 56m. long x 30m. wide, from first century AD, partly under the parish church of St: Andreas. Unique in Bavaria.
Keywords: archeology, architecture, culture, exhibit, museum, ruins

PMR030-03
Italy, Veneto, Verona: the old Roman stone bridge over the River Adige, the Ponte Pietra, and the Duomo with campanile (from 1187).
Keywords: architecture, panorama, heritage, historic, culture

PMR-D8719
Chile. Chiloe, Castro: Iglesia San Francisco de Castro, designed by the Italian architect Eduardo Provasoli and completed in1912, stands on the Plaza de Armas.. It has been recognised by UNESCO as part of Chiloe's heritage. View of the nave and altar.
Keywords: South America, colourful, architecture, Roman Catholic, heritage, picturesque, Latin America, culture

PMR-D8718
Chile. Chiloe, Castro: Iglesia San Francisco de Castro, designed by the Italian architect Eduardo Provasoli and completed in1912, stands on the Plaza de Armas.. It has been recognised by UNESCO as part of Chiloe's heritage. View of the nave and altar.
Keywords: South America, colourful, architecture, Roman Catholic, heritage, picturesque, Latin America, culture

PMR-D8717
Chile. Chiloe, Castro: Iglesia San Francisco de Castro, designed by the Italian architect Eduardo Provasoli and completed in1912, stands on the Plaza de Armas.. It has been recognised by UNESCO as part of Chiloe's heritage.
Keywords: South America, colourful, architecture, Roman Catholic, heritage, picturesque, Latin America, culture

PMR-D8700
Chile. Chiloe, Ancud: interior of the Roman Catholic cathedral in Plaza de Armas.
Keywords: South America, Latin America, nave, altar

PMR-D8489
Turkey, Bodrum: archeological site of the Maussolleion of Halicarnassos, tomb of King Maussollos (=Mausoleum) in Halicarnassos (present day Bodrum), built 355-351 BC and one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Ruined by an earthquake in the 13th century, the stones were plundered by the Crusaders to build St. Peter's Castle in 1402. The sign in this picture indicates the position of the former burial chamber of King Maussollos.
Keywords: antiquities, heritage, historic, archeology, architecture, Roman, Greek, Halicarnassus

PMR-D8488
Turkey, Bodrum: archeological site of the Maussolleion of Halicarnassos, tomb of King Maussollos (=Mausoleum) in Halicarnassos (present day Bodrum), built 355-351 BC and one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Ruined by an earthquake in the 13th century, the stones were plundered by the Crusaders to build St. Peter's Castle in 1402. Plaster cast of part of the frieze of the Battle of the Amazons.
Keywords: antiquities, relief, stone carving, Halicarnassus, Greek, Roman, architecture, archeology, historic, heritage

PMR-D8487
Turkey, Bodrum: archeological site of the Maussolleion of Halicarnassos, tomb of King Maussollos (=Mausoleum) in Halicarnassos (present day Bodrum), built 355-351 BC and one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Ruined by an earthquake in the 13th century, the stones were plundered by the Crusaders to build St. Peter's Castle in 1402. Plaster cast of part of the frieze of the Battle of the Amazons, showing a mounted Amazon fighting over the horse's hindquarters.
Keywords: antiquities, relief, stone carving, Halicarnassus, Greek, Roman, architecture, archeology, historic, heritage

PMR-D8486
Turkey, Bodrum: archeological site of the Maussolleion of Halicarnassos, tomb of King Maussollos (=Mausoleum) in Halicarnassos (present day Bodrum), built 355-351 BC and one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Ruined by an earthquake in the 13th century, the stones were plundered by the Crusaders to build St. Peter's Castle in 1402. Fragment of an original frieze from the facade.
Keywords: antiquities, relief, stone carving, Halicarnassus, Greek, Roman, architecture, archeology, historic, heritage

PMR-D8485
Turkey, Bodrum: archeological site of the Maussolleion of Halicarnassos, tomb of King Maussollos (=Mausoleum) in Halicarnassos (present day Bodrum), built 355-351 BC and one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Ruined by an earthquake in the 13th century, the stones were plundered by the Crusaders to build St. Peter's Castle in 1402.
Keywords: antiquities, Halicarnassus, Greek, Roman, architecture, archeology, historic, heritage

PMR-D8483
Turkey, Bodrum: Myndos Gate, the only surviving gate in the 7-kilometre-long city walls of Halicarnassus, built in the 4th century BC by King Mousollos. In the foreground a collection of architectural fragments from the original structure.
Keywords: antiquities, heritage, historic, archeology, architecture, Roman, Greek, Myndus

PMR-D8482
Turkey, Bodrum: a pair of back-to-back graves, dating from the 4th century BC, found near the Myndos Gate, the only surviving gate in the 7-kilometre-long city walls of Halicarnassus.
Keywords: antiquities, Myndus, Greek, Roman, architecture, archeology, historic, heritage

PMR-D8481
Turkey, Bodrum: Myndos Gate, the only surviving gate in the 7-kilometre-long city walls of Halicarnassus, built in the 4th century BC by King Mousollos.
Keywords: antiquities, Myndus, Greek, Roman, architecture, archeology, historic, heritage

PMR-D8480
Turkey, Bodrum: Myndos Gate, the only surviving gate in the 7-kilometre-long city walls of Halicarnassus, built in the 4th century BC by King Mousollos.
Keywords: antiquities, Myndus, Greek, Roman, architecture, archeology, historic, heritage

PMR-D8479
Turkey, Bodrum: part of the restored 7-kilometre-long city walls of Halicarnassus, adjoining the Myndos Gate, built in the 4th century BC by King Mousollos.
Keywords: antiquities, Myndus, Greek, Roman, architecture, archeology, historic, heritage

PMR-D8478
Turkey, Bodrum: Graeco-Roman Theatre of Halicarnassus, built in the 2nd century BC, had an original seating capacity of some 10,000 but at present accommodates is limited to 4,000. Collection of architectural fragments from the original structure.
Keywords: antiquities, Greek, Roman, architecture, archeology, historic, heritage, amphitheatre, stone seating, cavea, orchestra

PMR-D8477
Turkey, Bodrum: Graeco-Roman Theatre of Halicarnassus, built in the 2nd century BC, had an original seating capacity of some 10,000 but at present accommodates is limited to 4,000.
Keywords: antiquities, orchestra, cavea, stone seating, amphitheatre, heritage, historic, archeology, architecture, Roman, Greek

PMR-D8476
Turkey, Bodrum: Graeco-Roman Theatre of Halicarnassus, built in the 2nd century BC, had an original seating capacity of some 10,000 but at present accommodates is limited to 4,000.
Keywords: antiquities, Greek, Roman, architecture, archeology, historic, heritage, amphitheatre, stone seating, cavea, orchestra

PMR-D8475
Turkey, Bodrum: Graeco-Roman Theatre of Halicarnassus, built in the 2nd century BC, had an original seating capacity of some 10,000 but at present accommodates is limited to 4,000.
Keywords: antiquities, orchestra, cavea, stone seating, amphitheatre, heritage, historic, archeology, architecture, Roman, Greek

PMR-D8474
Turkey, Bodrum: Graeco-Roman Theatre of Halicarnassus, built in the 2nd century BC, had an original seating capacity of some 10,000 but at present accommodates is limited to 4,000.
Keywords: antiquities, Greek, Roman, architecture, archeology, historic, heritage, amphitheatre, stone seating, cavea, orchestra

PMR-D8430
Greece, Island of Amorgos: the ancient settlement of Minoa which has been occupied since neolithic times. The name suggests that it was settled at one time by people from Crete. Graeco-Roman wall with part of a cistern on the left.
Keywords: Cyclades, island hopping, Hellas, Greek Islands, historic, heritage, archeology, ruins, excavations, Graeco-Roman

PMR-D8429
Greece, Island of Amorgos: the ancient settlement of Minoa which has been occupied since neolithic times. The name suggests that it was settled at one time by people from Crete. Remains of the main gateway from the Hellenistic period.
Keywords: Cyclades, Graeco-Roman, excavations, ruins, archeology, heritage, historic, Greek Islands, Hellas, island hopping

PMR-D8428
Greece, Island of Amorgos: the ancient settlement of Minoa which has been occupied since neolithic times. The name suggests that it was settled at one time by people from Crete. Well-preserved building from the Hellenistic period.
Keywords: Cyclades, Graeco-Roman, excavations, ruins, archeology, heritage, historic, Greek Islands, Hellas, island hopping

PMR-D8427
Greece, Island of Amorgos: the ancient settlement of Minoa which has been occupied since neolithic times. The name suggests that it was settled at one time by people from Crete. General view of the archeological site on Moundoulia Hill.
Keywords: Cyclades, island hopping, Hellas, Greek Islands, historic, heritage, archeology, ruins, excavations, Graeco-Roman

PMR-D8425
Greece, Island of Amorgos: the ancient settlement of Minoa which has been occupied since neolithic times. The name suggests that it was settled at one time by people from Crete. Remains of Hellenistic temple wirh part of a statue of a robed figure.
Keywords: Cyclades, island hopping, Hellas, Greek Islands, historic, heritage, archeology, ruins, excavations, Graeco-Roman

PMR-D8424
Greece, Island of Amorgos: the ancient settlement of Minoa which has been occupied since neolithic times. The name suggests that it was settled at one time by people from Crete. Remains of Hellenistic temple wirh part of a statue of a robed figure.
Keywords: Cyclades, island hopping, Hellas, Greek Islands, historic, heritage, archeology, ruins, excavations, Graeco-Roman

PMR-D8407
Greece, Island of Paros: artefacts made from marble from the ancient quarry at Marathi where up to 150,000 slaves were employed in Roman times. Parian marble was renowned for its high quality and it was used for many famous sculptures, including the Venus de Milo, Hermes, the Temple of Athena at Delphi and the Tomb of Napoleon. Its opacity was graded at 7 cm, compared with 1.5 cm for other marbles.
Keywords: Greek Islands, Cyclades, island hopping, Hellas, geology, mining

PMR-D8406
Greece, Island of Paros: entrance to the ancient marble quarry at Marathi where up to 150,000 slaves were employed in Roman times. Parian marble was renowned for its high quality and it was used for many famous sculptures, including the Venus de Milo, Hermes, the Temple of Athena at Delphi and the Tomb of Napoleon. Its opacity was graded at 7 cm, compared with 1.5 cm for other marbles.
Keywords: Greek Islands, Cyclades, island hopping, Hellas, geology, mining, underground

PMR-D8403
Greece, Island of Paros. Parikia: part of the tower of the ruined "Frankish Castle", built by the Venetians in the 13th century using stones from various Graeco-Roman edifices.
Keywords: Greek Islands, Paroikia, Hellas, island hopping, Cyclades, historic, heritage, architecture, archeology

PMR-D8296
Germany, Thuringia, Gotha: the Ducal Museum, in Neo-Renaissance style, built in the 19th century, is a trust of the Friedenstein Palace, and has displays of Egyptian art, Greek and Roman art and Renaissance paintings.
Keywords: architecture, national heritage, historic, culture

PMR-D7661
Morocco, Asilah: fishing boats in the harbour, which was already in use in Phoenician and Roman times, before the Portuguese occupation from 1471 to 1578.
Keywords: Africa, haven, port, picturesque, tradition, culture, Muslim, Islam, Maghreb

PMR-D7400
Morocco, Moulay-Idriss: the original town was largely built with stones taken from the nearby Roman city of Volubilis. It grew up around the mausoleum of Idriss I, founder of the first arab dynasty in Morocco, which is a magnet for pilgrims.
Keywords: Africa, culture, national heritage, historic, panorama, hill-town, Maghreb

PMR-D7399
Morocco: Volubilis Museum, some of the 900 sandstone steles deposited by the faithfull in "Temple B", on the left bank of Wadi Fertassa. These are mostly low reliefs and engravings depicting worshippers making offerings in a religious act.
Keywords: Africa, Maghreb, excavations, stone-carving, culture, historic, classical architecture, national heritage, Roman architecture, archeological site, UNESCO

PMR-D7398
Morocco: Volubilis, a Roman city built on the site of the Berber and Carthaginian settlements in the first century AD, was originally the capital of the kingdom of Mauretania. Much of the stonework was taken in the 18th century for the building of Meknes. The Decumanus Maximus, looking north east, with the Tingis (Tangier) Gate at the far end.
Keywords: Africa, UNESCO, archeological site, Roman architecture, national heritage, classical architecture, historic, culture, stone-carving, excavations, Maghreb

PMR-D7397
Morocco: Volubilis, a Roman city built on the site of the Berber and Carthaginian settlements in the first century AD, was originally the capital of the kingdom of Mauretania. Much of the stonework was taken in the 18th century for the building of Meknes. An arched facade on the Decumanus Maximus.
Keywords: Africa, Maghreb, excavations, stone-carving, culture, historic, classical architecture, national heritage, Roman architecture, archeological site, UNESCO

PMR-D7396
Morocco: Volubilis, a Roman city built on the site of the Berber and Carthaginian settlements in the first century AD, was originally the capital of the kingdom of Mauretania. Much of the stonework was taken in the 18th century for the building of Meknes. Mosaic of a dolphin and fishes in the North Baths (Thermen), whose water was supplied by the aqueduct.
Keywords: Africa, Maghreb, excavations, stone-carving, culture, historic, classical architecture, national heritage, Roman architecture, archeological site, UNESCO

PMR-D7395
Morocco: Volubilis, a Roman city built on the site of the Berber and Carthaginian settlements in the first century AD, was originally the capital of the kingdom of Mauretania. Much of the stonework was taken in the 18th century for the building of Meknes. Interior of the North Baths (Thermen) supplied by the aqueduct.
Keywords: Africa, UNESCO, archeological site, Roman architecture, national heritage, classical architecture, historic, culture, stone-carving, excavations, Maghreb

PMR-D7394
Morocco: Volubilis, a Roman city built on the site of the Berber and Carthaginian settlements in the first century AD, was originally the capital of the kingdom of Mauretania. Much of the stonework was taken in the 18th century for the building of Meknes. Mosaic on the floor of the North Baths (Thermen) whose water was supplied by the aqueduct.
Keywords: Africa, Maghreb, excavations, stone-carving, culture, historic, classical architecture, national heritage, Roman architecture, archeological site, UNESCO

PMR-D7393
Morocco: Volubilis, a Roman city built on the site of the Berber and Carthaginian settlements in the first century AD, was originally the capital of the kingdom of Mauretania. Much of the stonework was taken in the 18th century for the building of Meknes. Interior of the North Baths (Thermen) supplied by the aqueduct.
Keywords: Africa, Maghreb, excavations, stone-carving, culture, historic, classical architecture, national heritage, Roman architecture, archeological site, UNESCO

PMR-D7392
Morocco: Volubilis, a Roman city built on the site of the Berber and Carthaginian settlements in the first century AD, was originally the capital of the kingdom of Mauretania. Much of the stonework was taken in the 18th century for the building of Meknes. Mosaic of Bacchus encountering the sleeping Ariadne in the House of the Ephebe.
Keywords: Africa, UNESCO, archeological site, Roman architecture, national heritage, classical architecture, historic, culture, stone-carving, excavations, Maghreb

PMR-D7391
Morocco: Volubilis, a Roman city built on the site of the Berber and Carthaginian settlements in the first century AD, was originally the capital of the kingdom of Mauretania. Much of the stonework was taken in the 18th century for the building of Meknes. Mosaic of Bacchus encountering the sleeping Ariadne in the House of the Ephebe.
Keywords: Africa, Maghreb, excavations, stone-carving, culture, historic, classical architecture, national heritage, Roman architecture, archeological site, UNESCO

PMR-D7390
Morocco: Volubilis, a Roman city built on the site of the Berber and Carthaginian settlements in the first century AD, was originally the capital of the kingdom of Mauretania. Much of the stonework was taken in the 18th century for the building of Meknes. Some of the remaining columns surrounding the pool in the House of Columns.
Keywords: Africa, UNESCO, archeological site, Roman architecture, national heritage, classical architecture, historic, culture, stone-carving, excavations, Maghreb

PMR-D7389
Morocco: Volubilis, a Roman city built on the site of the Berber and Carthaginian settlements in the first century AD, was originally the capital of the kingdom of Mauretania. Much of the stonework was taken in the 18th century for the building of Meknes. Sole remaining "twisted" Corinthian column in the House of Columns.
Keywords: Africa, UNESCO, archeological site, Roman architecture, national heritage, classical architecture, historic, culture, stone-carving, excavations, Maghreb

PMR-D7388
Morocco: Volubilis, a Roman city built on the site of the Berber and Carthaginian settlements in the first century AD, was originally the capital of the kingdom of Mauretania. Much of the stonework was taken in the 18th century for the building of Meknes. The (reconstructed) Triumphal Arch of Caracalla, built in 217 AD by the governor of the city. It stands at the end of the Decumanus Maximus.
Keywords: Africa, UNESCO, archeological site, Roman architecture, national heritage, classical architecture, historic, culture, stone-carving, excavations, Maghreb

PMR-D7387
Morocco: Volubilis, a Roman city built on the site of the Berber and Carthaginian settlements in the first century AD, was originally the capital of the kingdom of Mauretania. Much of the stonework was taken in the 18th century for the building of Meknes. The (reconstructed) Triumphal Arch of Caracalla, built in 217 AD by the governor of the city. It stands at the end of the Decumanus Maximus.
Keywords: Africa, UNESCO, archeological site, Roman architecture, national heritage, classical architecture, historic, culture, stone-carving, excavations, Maghreb

PMR-D7386
Morocco: Volubilis, a Roman city built on the site of the Berber and Carthaginian settlements in the first century AD, was originally the capital of the kingdom of Mauretania. Much of the stonework was taken in the 18th century for the building of Meknes. Ruins of the Capitoline Temple, reconstructed in 218 AD, and dedicated to Jupiter, Juno and Minerva.
Keywords: Africa, Maghreb, excavations, stone-carving, culture, historic, classical architecture, national heritage, Roman architecture, archeological site, UNESCO

PMR-D7385
Morocco: Volubilis, a Roman city built on the site of the Berber and Carthaginian settlements in the first century AD, was originally the capital of the kingdom of Mauretania. Much of the stonework was taken in the 18th century for the building of Meknes. Ruins of the Basilica, built in the third century AD, and probably modelled on the basilica in Leptis Magna (Libya).
Keywords: Africa, Maghreb, excavations, stone-carving, culture, historic, classical architecture, national heritage, Roman architecture, archeological site, UNESCO

PMR-D7384
Morocco: Volubilis, a Roman city built on the site of the Berber and Carthaginian settlements in the first century AD, was originally the capital of the kingdom of Mauretania. Much of the stonework was taken in the 18th century for the building of Meknes. Unidentified carved columns.
Keywords: Africa, Maghreb, excavations, stone-carving, culture, historic, classical architecture, national heritage, Roman architecture, archeological site, UNESCO

PMR-D7383
Morocco: Volubilis, a Roman city built on the site of the Berber and Carthaginian settlements in the first century AD, was originally the capital of the kingdom of Mauretania. Much of the stonework was taken in the 18th century for the building of Meknes. Dolphins and other sea creatures are pictured in this mosaic in the atrium of the House of Orpheus.
Keywords: Africa, Maghreb, excavations, stone-carving, culture, historic, classical architecture, national heritage, Roman architecture, archeological site, UNESCO

PMR-D7382
Morocco: Volubilis, a Roman city built on the site of the Berber and Carthaginian settlements in the first century AD, was originally the capital of the kingdom of Mauretania. Much of the stonework was taken in the 18th century for the building of Meknes. A mosaic depicting Orpheus playing his lute, surrounded by African wildlife ( House of Orpheus).
Keywords: Africa, UNESCO, archeological site, Roman architecture, national heritage, classical architecture, historic, culture, stone-carving, excavations, Maghreb

PMR-D7381
Morocco: Volubilis, a Roman city built on the site of the Berber and Carthaginian settlements in the first century AD, was originally the capital of the kingdom of Mauretania. Much of the stonework was taken in the 18th century for the building of Meknes. General view, with the Capitoline Temple and Basilica (and storks' nest!) in the foreground.
Keywords: Africa, Maghreb, excavations, stone-carving, culture, historic, classical architecture, national heritage, Roman architecture, archeological site, UNESCO

PMR-D6622
Ireland, Louth, Drogheda: ruins of Old Mellifont Abbey, the first Cistercian abbey in the country, founded in 1152, closed after the dissolution in 1539. Footbridge over the River Boyne, with neo-gothic St. Peter's Roman Catholic Church
Keywords: historic, heritage, monument, culture, architecture, picturesque

PMR-D6620
Ireland, Louth, Drogheda: view from the roadbridge over the River Boyne, with St. Peter's Roman Catholic Church on the left and a Martello tower on the Millmount (possibly a prehistoric burial mound) ahead.
Keywords: historic, heritage, monument, culture, architecture, picturesque

PMR-D6564
Ireland, Leinster, Dublin: Christ Church Cathedral dates back to 1028, but was largely rebuilt for the last time in 1871 in neo-gothic/romanesque style. It claims to be the seat of both the Church of Ireland and the Roman Catholic archbishops of Dublin. It is linked to the Synod House by a stone footbridge.
Keywords: historic, heritage, monument, culture, capital city, architecture

PMR-D6563
Ireland, Leinster, Dublin: Christ Church Cathedral dates back to 1028, but was largely rebuilt for the last time in 1871 in neo-gothic/romanesque style. It claims to be the seat of both the Church of Ireland and the Roman Catholic archbishops of Dublin.
Keywords: historic, heritage, monument, culture, capital city, architecture

PMR-D5636
Greece, Island of Milos, Tripiti: Roman amphitheatre, probably built in the 3rd century BC by the inhabitants of the ancient city of Klima, with seating for 7000 spectators. View of the orchestra, proscenium and scene building from above.
Keywords: Greek Islands, Hellas, island hopping, heritage, Cyclades, Venus de Milo, Klema, archeology, stone carving, historic, drama

PMR-D5635
Greece, Island of Milos, Tripiti: Roman amphitheatre, probably built in the 3rd century BC by the inhabitants of the ancient city of Klima, with seating for 7000 spectators. The orchestra, with part of the seating terraces.
Keywords: Greek Islands, Hellas, island hopping, heritage, Cyclades, Venus de Milo, Klema, archeology, stone carving, historic, drama

PMR-D5634
Greece, Island of Milos, Tripiti: Roman amphitheatre, probably built in the 3rd century BC by the inhabitants of the ancient city of Klima, with seating for 7000 spectators. The proscenium, which would have originally been covered with wooden boards.
Keywords: Greek Islands, Hellas, island hopping, heritage, Cyclades, Venus de Milo, Klema, archeology, stone carving, historic, drama

PMR-D5633
Greece, Island of Milos, Tripiti: Roman amphitheatre, probably built in the 3rd century BC by the inhabitants of the ancient city of Klima, with seating for 7000 spectators. Part of the reconstructed, ornately carved, scene building, which stood two storeys high.
Keywords: Greek Islands, Hellas, island hopping, heritage, Cyclades, Venus de Milo, Klema, archeology, stone carving, historic, drama

PMR-D5632
Greece, Island of Milos, Tripiti: Roman amphitheatre, probably built in the 3rd century BC by the inhabitants of the ancient city of Klima, with seating for 7000 spectators. View from above.
Keywords: Greek Islands, Hellas, island hopping, heritage, Cyclades, Venus de Milo, Klema, archeology, stone carving, historic, drama

PMR-D5452
Switzerland, Zurich: a typical street in the Lindenhof quarter, not far from the site of the original Roman fortress.
Keywords: picturesque, architecture, culture, financial centre, heritage, historic, street scene, mediaeval

PMR-D4794
Germany, Bavaria: Originally a Celtic colony (Radasbona) and then later a Roman settlement (Castra Regina), Regensburg boasts a wealth of historic buildings. It was named a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2006. Mediaeval burgher houses in the Obere Bachgasse.
Keywords: Gothic, architecture, historic, heritage, culture, picturesque

PMR-D4793
Germany, Bavaria: Originally a Celtic colony (Radasbona) and then later a Roman settlement (Castra Regina), Regensburg boasts a wealth of historic buildings. It was named a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2006. A mediaeval street, Hinter der Grieb, with the. patrician tower-house " Löblturm" (13th c.) and cathedral tower in the distance.
Keywords: Gothic, architecture, historic, heritage, culture, picturesque

PMR-D4792
Germany, Bavaria: Originally a Celtic colony (Radasbona) and then later a Roman settlement (Castra Regina), Regensburg boasts a wealth of historic buildings. It was named a UNESCO World Heritage site 2006. The Goliath House was built in the late 13th century for the Thundorfer family. Melchior Bocksberger painted the fresco in 1573.
Keywords: architecture, historic, heritage, culture, David and Goliath, traditional, tower-house

PMR-D4791
Germany, Bavaria: Originally a Celtic colony (Radasbona) and then later a Roman settlement (Castra Regina), Regensburg boasts a wealth of historic buildings. It was named a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2006. Old burgher houses on the bank of the River Danube, facades reflected in the water.
Keywords: architecture, historic, heritage, culture, picturesque, reflections

PMR-D4790
Germany, Bavaria: Originally a Celtic colony (Radasbona) and then later a Roman settlement (Castra Regina), Regensburg boasts a wealth of historic buildings. It was named a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2006. Colourful old burgher houses on Stadtamhof, on the far side of the River Danube, with the cathedral in the distance.
Keywords: architecture, historic, heritage, culture, picturesque

PMR-D4789
Germany, Bavaria: Originally a Celtic colony (Radasbona) and then later a Roman settlement (Castra Regina), Regensburg boasts a wealth of historic buildings. It was named a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2006. Colourful old burgher houses on Stadtamhof, on the far side of the River Danube.
Keywords: architecture, historic, heritage, culture, picturesque

PMR-D4788
Germany, Bavaria: Originally a Celtic colony (Radasbona) and then later a Roman settlement (Castra Regina), Regensburg boasts a wealth of historic buildings. It was named a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2006. The facade and towers of St. Peter's Cathedral were completed in the 19th century although the building was begun in 1250.
Keywords: Gothic, architecture, historic, heritage, stone-carving, culture

PMR-D4210
Turkey, Mugia Province, Milas: an arched Roman gate, originally part of the town wall, reveals a carved "double axe" ("labrys") on the keystone, which was the symbol of Zeus.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, heritage, Hellenic

PMR-D4209
Turkey, Mugia Province, Milas: an arched Roman gate, originally part of the town wall, reveals a carved "double axe" ("labrys") on the keystone on the town-side, which was the symbol of Zeus.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, heritage, Hellenic

PMR-D4208
Turkey, Mugia Province, Euromos: a well preserved Roman Temple of Zeus dating from the 2nd century AD has 16 standing Corinthian columns with architraves.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, heritage, Hellenic

PMR-D4207
Turkey, Mugia Province, Euromos: a well preserved Roman Temple of Zeus dating from the 2nd century AD has 16 standing Corinthian columns with architraves. Each column was sponsored by a different donor whose name was recorded on a tablet.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, heritage, Hellenic

PMR-D4206
Turkey, Mugia Province, Euromos: a well preserved Roman Temple of Zeus dating from the 2nd century AD has 16 standing Corinthian columns with architraves.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, heritage, Hellenic

PMR-D4204
Turkey, Mugia Province, Labranda: Although dating back to the Carians in the 7th century BC, most remaining buildings were erected by Persian satrap, Mausolos, in 4th century BC.
A wide stairway, part of the Sacred Way, leading from the Propylaeum.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, heritage, Hellenic, Labraunda

PMR-D4203
Turkey, Mugia Province, Labranda: Although dating back to the Carians in the 7th century BC, most remaining buildings were erected by Persian satrap, Mausolos, in 4th century BC.
Retaining wall to the north of the Propylaeum.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, heritage, Hellenic, Labraunda

PMR-D4202
Turkey, Mugia Province, Labranda: Although dating back to the Carians in the 7th century BC, most remaining buildings were erected by Persian satrap, Mausolos, in 4th century BC.
The best preserved building, the Andron (mens' chamber) of Idreius.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, heritage, Hellenic, Labraunda

PMR-D4201
Turkey, Mugia Province, Labranda: Although dating back to the Carians in the 7th century BC, most remaining buildings were erected by Persian satrap, Mausolos, in 4th century BC.
The ruins of the Temple of Zeus, with the Andron of Idreius to the right.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, heritage, Hellenic, Labraunda

PMR-D4200
Turkey, Mugia Province, Labranda: Although dating back to the Carians in the 7th century BC, most remaining buildings were erected by Persian satrap, Mausolos, in 4th century BC.
Partly preserved building at the east end of the North Stoa.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, heritage, Hellenic, Labraunda

PMR-D4199
Turkey, Mugia Province, Labranda: Although dating back to the Carians in the 7th century BC, most remaining buildings were erected by Persian satrap, Mausolos, in 4th century BC.
View to the south-east of the site where the Propylaeum (entrance) is situated.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, heritage, Hellenic, Labraunda

PMR-D4198
Turkey, Mugia Province, Labranda: Although dating back to the Carians in the 7th century BC, most remaining buildings were erected by Persian satrap, Mausolos, in 4th century BC.
View of the west of the site, with Temple of Zeus and the Andron of Idrieus.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, heritage, Hellenic, Labraunda

PMR-D4158
Turkey, Aydin Province, Didyma: the huge Temple of Apollo, measuring 120 m. long by 60 m. wide, was begun in the 3rd century BC, worked on for 300 years,but never completed. The Oracle of Didyma may go back to 1000 BC, rivalling Delphi.
Aerial view of the site.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, sailing ship, Bahriyeli C, cruising, heritage, Hellenic

PMR-D4157
Turkey, Aydin Province, Didyma: the huge Temple of Apollo, measuring 120 m. long by 60 m. wide, was begun in the 3rd century BC, worked on for 300 years,but never completed. The Oracle of Didyma may go back to 1000 BC, rivalling Delphi.
Damaged figure of a lion.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, sailing ship, Bahriyeli C, cruising, heritage, Hellenic

PMR-D4156
Turkey, Aydin Province, Didyma: the huge Temple of Apollo, measuring 120 m. long by 60 m. wide, was begun in the 3rd century BC, worked on for 300 years,but never completed. The Oracle of Didyma may go back to 1000 BC, rivalling Delphi.
Mythical sea creatures on a panel at the base of one of the columns.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, sailing ship, Bahriyeli C, cruising, heritage, Hellenic

PMR-D4155
Turkey, Aydin Province, Didyma: the huge Temple of Apollo, measuring 120 m. long by 60 m. wide, was begun in the 3rd century BC, worked on for 300 years,but never completed. The Oracle of Didyma may go back to 1000 BC, rivalling Delphi.
Two re-erected Ionic columns with architrave.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, sailing ship, Bahriyeli C, cruising, heritage, Hellenic

PMR-D4154
Turkey, Aydin Province, Didyma: the huge Temple of Apollo, measuring 120 m. long by 60 m. wide, was begun in the 3rd century BC, worked on for 300 years,but never completed. The Oracle of Didyma may go back to 1000 BC, rivalling Delphi.
Two re-erected Ionic columns with architrave.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, sailing ship, Bahriyeli C, cruising, heritage, Hellenic

PMR-D4153
Turkey, Aydin Province, Didyma: the huge Temple of Apollo, measuring 120 m. long by 60 m. wide, was begun in the 3rd century BC, worked on for 300 years,but never completed. The Oracle of Didyma may go back to 1000 BC, rivalling Delphi.
Many such Medusa-heads originally adorned the architrave.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, sailing ship, Bahriyeli C, cruising, heritage, Hellenic

PMR-D4152
Turkey, Aydin Province, Didyma: the huge Temple of Apollo, measuring 120 m. long by 60 m. wide, was begun in the 3rd century BC, worked on for 300 years,but never completed. The Oracle of Didyma may go back to 1000 BC, rivalling Delphi.
The bull's head is a frequently used motiv for column capitals.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, sailing ship, Bahriyeli C, cruising, heritage, Hellenic

PMR-D4151
Turkey, Aydin Province, Didyma: the huge Temple of Apollo, measuring 120 m. long by 60 m. wide, was begun in the 3rd century BC, worked on for 300 years,but never completed. The Oracle of Didyma may go back to 1000 BC, rivalling Delphi. The Pronaos with double row of columns which were completed. Remains of a round well in front of the temple.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, sailing ship, Bahriyeli C, cruising, heritage, Hellenic

PMR-D4150
Turkey, Aydin Province, Didyma: the huge Temple of Apollo, measuring 120 m. long by 60 m. wide, was begun in the 3rd century BC, worked on for 300 years,but never completed. The Oracle of Didyma may go back to 1000 BC, rivalling Delphi.
Carved base of a column with carved panels of fantasies.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, sailing ship, Bahriyeli C, cruising, heritage, Hellenic

PMR-D4149
Turkey, Aydin Province, Didyma: the huge Temple of Apollo, measuring 120 m. long by 60 m. wide, was begun in the 3rd century BC, worked on for 300 years,but never completed. The Oracle of Didyma may go back to 1000 BC, rivalling Delphi.
Carved base of a column with modified "Greek Key" pattern.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, sailing ship, Bahriyeli C, cruising, heritage, Hellenic

PMR-D4148
Turkey, Aydin Province, Didyma: the huge Temple of Apollo, measuring 120 m. long by 60 m. wide, was begun in the 3rd century BC, worked on for 300 years,but never completed. The Oracle of Didyma may go back to 1000 BC, rivalling Delphi.
Carved column head with fantasies.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, sailing ship, Bahriyeli C, cruising, heritage, Hellenic

PMR-D4147
Turkey, Aydin Province, Didyma: the huge Temple of Apollo, measuring 120 m. long by 60 m. wide, was begun in the 3rd century BC, worked on for 300 years,but never completed. The Oracle of Didyma may go back to 1000 BC, rivalling Delphi.
Carved column head with a pair of Griffins.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, sailing ship, Bahriyeli C, cruising, heritage, Hellenic

PMR-D4146
Turkey, Aydin Province, Didyma: the huge Temple of Apollo, measuring 120 m. long by 60 m. wide, was begun in the 3rd century BC, worked on for 300 years,but never completed. The Oracle of Didyma (the Branchidae) may go back to 1000 BC, rivalling Delphi.
Part of the Adyton (interior), originally planted with laurels, and reserved to the priests.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, sailing ship, Bahriyeli C, cruising, heritage, Hellenic

PMR-D4145
Turkey, Aydin Province, Didyma: the huge Temple of Apollo, measuring 120 m. long by 60 m. wide, was begun in the 3rd century BC, worked on for 300 years,but never completed. The Oracle of Didyma(the Branchidae) may go back to 1000 BC, rivalling Delphi.
The drums of a complete fallen column.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, sailing ship, Bahriyeli C, cruising, heritage, Hellenic

PMR-D4144
Turkey, Aydin Province, Didyma: the huge Temple of Apollo, measuring 120 m. long by 60 m. wide, was begun in the 3rd century BC, worked on for 300 years,but never completed. The Oracle of Didyma (the Branchidae) may go back to 1000 BC, rivalling Delphi.
Steps leading up to the Stylobate. with two re-erected columns on the long side.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, sailing ship, Bahriyeli C, cruising, heritage, Hellenic

PMR-D4143
Turkey, Aydin Province, Didyma: the huge Temple of Apollo, measuring 120 m. long by 60 m. wide, was begun in the 3rd century BC, worked on for 300 years,but never completed. The Oracle of Didyma (the Branchidae) may go back to 1000 BC, rivalling Delphi.
Steps leading up to the Stylobate. with two re-erected columns on the long side.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, Roman, Greek, architecture, Aegean, sailing ship, Bahriyeli C, cruising, heritage, Hellenic

PMR-D4132
Turkey, Resadiye Peninsula, Knidos: the ruined town dates back to the 4th century BC in its present position and counted about 70,000 inhabitants. It had a famous medical school in its prime. The smaller, Roman, amphitheatre, with seating for about 5,000 persons.
Keywords: maritime, Aegean , cruising, Bahriyeli C, picturesque, sailing ship, archeology, Hellenic, classical, excavations

PMR-D2875
Greece, Island of Rhodes, Lindos: view from the acropolis, with Turkish mainland in the background and remains of a Roman Temple in the foreground.
Keywords: wildflowers, colourful, landscape, Rhodos, Rodos, Mediterranean, island, Byzantine, Knights of St. John, Crusaders, Knights Hospitaller, Hellenic

PMR-D0723
Germany, Upper Bavaria, Straubing: 7 km. long costumed procession passing through the marketplace in celebration of the 200th Gaubodenfest on 19th August 2012: Roman chariot drawn by four black horses executing u-turns in the street.
Keywords: picturesque, pageantry, festival, mediaeval, historical, traditional dress, regional dress, dirndl, brass bands, beer drays, horse-drawn-carriages, children, hobby groups, shooting clubs, colourful, festivities

PMR-D0722
Germany, Upper Bavaria, Straubing: 7 km. long costumed procession passing through the marketplace in celebration of the 200th Gaubodenfest on 19th August 2012: "School of Fantasy" group in "Roman" costume.
Keywords: picturesque, festivities, colourful, shooting clubs, hobby groups, children, horse-drawn-carriages, beer drays, brass bands, dirndl, regional dress, traditional dress, historical, mediaeval, festival, pageantry

PMR-D0720
Germany, Upper Bavaria, Straubing: 7 km. long costumed procession passing through the marketplace in celebration of the 200th Gaubodenfest on 19th August 2012: four dappled grey horses pulling a Roman chariot.
Keywords: picturesque, pageantry, festival, mediaeval, historical, traditional dress, regional dress, dirndl, brass bands, beer drays, horse-drawn-carriages, children, hobby groups, shooting clubs, colourful, festivities

PMR-D0517
England, Somerset, Wells: the cathedral, building of which began in 1175 and continued after its consecration in 1239. It has retained a large part of its Early English architecture in addition to the later Gothic. The first church was built here in 705, but the adjacent mineral "wells" were in use in Roman times.

View from the south-east.
Keywords: architecture, spring water, mineral wells, Early English, mediaeval, heritage, Gothic

PMR-D0516
England, Somerset, Wells: the cathedral, building of which began in 1175 and continued after its consecration in 1239. It has retained a large part of its Early English architecture in addition to the later Gothic. The first church was built here in 705, but the adjacent mineral "wells" were in use in Roman times.

View from the south-east.
Keywords: architecture, spring water, mineral wells, Early English, mediaeval, heritage, Gothic

PMR-D0515
England, Somerset, Wells: the cathedral, reflected in the pool fed by the subterranian wells which were known in Roman times.
Keywords: architecture, Gothic, heritage, mediaeval, Early English. mineral wells, spring water

PMR-D0430
Greece, Island of Kos: restored Roman courtyard with water supply.
Keywords: Dodecanese, historic, architecture, Greek Islands, Hellas, harbour, yachts, fishing boats, pleasure boats, moorings, island hopping

PMR-D0310
Canada, Montreal: interior of Notre Dame Basilica, a Roman Catholic Gothic revival church, built between 1824 and 1829.
Keywords: architecture, decor, lighting effects

PMR-D0251
Jordan: Petra, a Nabataean city, probably dating from 500-600 BC, later administered by the Romans, in part carved out of the rose-red sandstone rocks of the Wadi Araba. Famous as "the rose-red city, half as old as time", Petra has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985.

Colourful graining in the sandstone rock.
Keywords: archeology, rock tombcaves, archeological, excavations, geological, geology, ruins, colourful, strata, multicoloured, graining, Graeco-Roman architecture, Egyptian architecture

PMR-D0250
Jordan: Petra, a Nabataean city, probably dating from 500-600 BC, later administered by the Romans, in part carved out of the rose-red sandstone rocks of the Wadi Araba. Famous as "the rose-red city, half as old as time", Petra has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985.

Colourful graining in the sandstone rock.
Keywords: archeology, Egyptian architecture, Graeco-Roman architecture, graining, multicoloured, strata, colourful, ruins, geology, geological, excavations, archeological, rock tombcaves

PMR-D0248
Jordan: Petra, a Nabataean city, probably dating from 500-600 BC, later administered by the Romans, in part carved out of the rose-red sandstone rocks of the Wadi Araba. Famous as "the rose-red city, half as old as time", Petra has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985.

Patiently waiting donkey against a background of rosy, rugged walls of Wadi Musa.
Keywords: archeology, Egyptian architecture, Graeco-Roman architecture, graining, multicoloured, strata, colourful, ruins, geology, geological, excavations, archeological, rock tombcaves

PMR-D0247
Jordan: Petra, a Nabataean city, probably dating from 500-600 BC, later administered by the Romans, in part carved out of the rose-red sandstone rocks of the Wadi Araba. Famous as "the rose-red city, half as old as time", Petra has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985.

Jordanian, riding a donkey up the long path to "the monastery".
Keywords: archeology, Egyptian architecture, Graeco-Roman architecture, graining, multicoloured, strata, colourful, ruins, geology, geological, excavations, archeological, rock tombcaves

PMR-D0246
Jordan: Petra, a Nabataean city, probably dating from 500-600 BC, later administered by the Romans, in part carved out of the rose-red sandstone rocks of the Wadi Araba. Famous as "the rose-red city, half as old as time", Petra has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985.

Nabataean tomb, carved from the rock, known as "Al Deir" ("the monastery") dating from the 3rd century BC.
Keywords: archeology, Egyptian architecture, Graeco-Roman architecture, graining, multicoloured, strata, colourful, ruins, geology, geological, excavations, archeological, rock tombcaves

PMR-D0245
Jordan: Petra, a Nabataean city, probably dating from 500-600 BC, later administered by the Romans, in part carved out of the rose-red sandstone rocks of the Wadi Araba. Famous as "the rose-red city, half as old as time", Petra has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985.

Nabataean tomb, carved from the rock, known as "Al Deir" ("the monastery") dating from the 3rd century BC.
Keywords: archeology, Egyptian architecture, Graeco-Roman architecture, graining, multicoloured, strata, colourful, ruins, geology, geological, excavations, archeological, rock tombcaves

PMR-D0244
Jordan: Petra, a Nabataean city, probably dating from 500-600 BC, later administered by the Romans, in part carved out of the rose-red sandstone rocks of the Wadi Araba. Famous as "the rose-red city, half as old as time", Petra has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985.

Partially worked/ long ruined (?) feature in the cliffs on the path up to the "monastery".
Keywords: archeology, rock tombcaves, archeological, excavations, geological, geology, ruins, colourful, strata, multicoloured, graining, Graeco-Roman architecture, Egyptian architecture

PMR-D0243
Jordan: Petra, a Nabataean city, probably dating from 500-600 BC, later administered by the Romans, in part carved out of the rose-red sandstone rocks of the Wadi Araba. Famous as "the rose-red city, half as old as time", Petra has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985.

Colourful graining in a sandstone boulder.
Keywords: archeology, Egyptian architecture, Graeco-Roman architecture, graining, multicoloured, strata, colourful, ruins, geology, geological, excavations, archeological, rock tombcaves

PMR-D0242
Jordan: Petra, a Nabataean city, probably dating from 500-600 BC, later administered by the Romans, in part carved out of the rose-red sandstone rocks of the Wadi Araba. Famous as "the rose-red city, half as old as time", Petra has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985.

Patiently waiting donkeys against a background of rosy, rugged walls of Wadi Musa.
Keywords: archeology, Egyptian architecture, Graeco-Roman architecture, graining, multicoloured, strata, colourful, ruins, geology, geological, excavations, archeological, rock tombcaves

PMR-D0241
Jordan: Petra, a Nabataean city, probably dating from 500-600 BC, later administered by the Romans, in part carved out of the rose-red sandstone rocks of the Wadi Araba. Famous as "the rose-red city, half as old as time", Petra has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985.

Eroded bands of sandstone in varying colours.
Keywords: archeology, Egyptian architecture, Graeco-Roman architecture, graining, multicoloured, strata, colourful, ruins, geology, geological, excavations, archeological, rock tombcaves

PMR-D0240
Jordan: Petra, a Nabataean city, probably dating from 500-600 BC, later administered by the Romans, in part carved out of the rose-red sandstone rocks of the Wadi Araba. Famous as "the rose-red city, half as old as time", Petra has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985.

Byzantine floor mosaics in Petra Church.
Keywords: archeology, Egyptian architecture, Graeco-Roman architecture, graining, multicoloured, strata, colourful, ruins, geology, geological, excavations, archeological, rock tombcaves

PMR-D0239
Jordan: Petra, a Nabataean city, probably dating from 500-600 BC, later administered by the Romans, in part carved out of the rose-red sandstone rocks of the Wadi Araba. Famous as "the rose-red city, half as old as time", Petra has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985.

Byzantine floor mosaics in Petra Church.
Keywords: archeology, Egyptian architecture, Graeco-Roman architecture, graining, multicoloured, strata, colourful, ruins, geology, geological, excavations, archeological, rock tombcaves

PMR-D0238
Jordan: Petra, a Nabataean city, probably dating from 500-600 BC, later administered by the Romans, in part carved out of the rose-red sandstone rocks of the Wadi Araba. Famous as "the rose-red city, half as old as time", Petra has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985.

Byzantine floor mosaics in Petra Church.
Keywords: archeology, Egyptian architecture, Graeco-Roman architecture, graining, multicoloured, strata, colourful, ruins, geology, geological, excavations, archeological, rock tombcaves

PMR-D0237
Jordan: Petra, a Nabataean city, probably dating from 500-600 BC, later administered by the Romans, in part carved out of the rose-red sandstone rocks of the Wadi Araba. Famous as "the rose-red city, half as old as time", Petra has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985.

Byzantine floor mosaics in Petra Church.
Keywords: archeology, Egyptian architecture, Graeco-Roman architecture, graining, multicoloured, strata, colourful, ruins, geology, geological, excavations, archeological, rock tombcaves

PMR-D0236
Jordan: Petra, a Nabataean city, probably dating from 500-600 BC, later administered by the Romans, in part carved out of the rose-red sandstone rocks of the Wadi Araba. Famous as "the rose-red city, half as old as time", Petra has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985.

Remains of the red and white stucco-work on the wall of the free-standing Great Temple.
Keywords: archeology, Egyptian architecture, Graeco-Roman architecture, graining, multicoloured, strata, colourful, ruins, geology, geological, excavations, archeological, rock tombcaves

PMR-D0235
Jordan: Petra, a Nabataean city, probably dating from 500-600 BC, later administered by the Romans, in part carved out of the rose-red sandstone rocks of the Wadi Araba. Famous as "the rose-red city, half as old as time", Petra has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985.

Colourful graining in the sandstone rock.
Keywords: archeology, Egyptian architecture, Graeco-Roman architecture, graining, multicoloured, strata, colourful, ruins, geology, geological, excavations, archeological, rock tombcaves

PMR-D0234
Jordan: Petra, a Nabataean city, probably dating from 500-600 BC, later administered by the Romans, in part carved out of the rose-red sandstone rocks of the Wadi Araba. Famous as "the rose-red city, half as old as time", Petra has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985.

Colourful graining in the sandstone rock.
Keywords: archeology, Egyptian architecture, Graeco-Roman architecture, graining, multicoloured, strata, colourful, ruins, geology, geological, excavations, archeological, rock tombcaves

PMR-D0233
Jordan: Petra, a Nabataean city, probably dating from 500-600 BC, later administered by the Romans, in part carved out of the rose-red sandstone rocks of the Wadi Araba. Famous as "the rose-red city, half as old as time", Petra has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985.

Colourful graining in the sandstone rock.
Keywords: archeology, Egyptian architecture, Graeco-Roman architecture, graining, multicoloured, strata, colourful, ruins, geology, geological, excavations, archeological, rock tombcaves

PMR-D0148
England, Wiltshire, Bath: the Great Bath, part of the complex belonging to the Roman Baths, whose mineral waters are said to be beneficial, Above ground level the buildings are from the 19th century. Towers of the Abbey Church behind.
Keywords: architecture, bathing, heritage, mineral springs, mineral baths, spa, Roman ruins, historic

PMR-D0147
England, Wiltshire, Bath: the Great Bath, part of the complex belonging to the Roman Baths, whose mineral waters are said to be beneficial. The buildings below ground level are of Roman origin.
Keywords: architecture, historic, Roman ruins, spa, mineral baths, mineral springs, heritage, bathing

PMR-D0146
England, Wiltshire, Bath: a "Druid priest" recites a prayer to the gods on the edge of the Great Bath, part of the complex belonging to the Roman Baths, whose mineral waters are said to be beneficial.
Keywords: architecture, historic, Roman ruins, spa, mineral baths, mineral springs, heritage, bathing

PMR-D0145
England, Wiltshire, Bath: steam rising from the Sacred Spring in the Roman Baths, whose mineral waters are said to be beneficial.
Keywords: architecture, historic, Roman ruins, spa, mineral baths, mineral springs, heritage, bathing

PMR-D0144
England, Wiltshire, Bath: part of a carved stone Roman temple pediment with Gorgon's head preserved in the museum of the Roman Baths.
Keywords: architecture, historic, Roman ruins, spa, mineral baths, mineral springs, heritage, bathing

PMR-D0117
Libya: Ghadames, a Tuareg town, population about 7000, lies approximately 500 miles south-west of Tripoli. It dates back probably to about 3000 BC, thriving in Roman, Byzantine and Arab times. The houses in the old town are all of baked mud, and many of the alleys are enclosed with vaulting as protection from the sun. A UNESCO World Heritage Site. Here: intricate wall decorations round window and cupboard in a "museum house".
Keywords: Maghreb, oasis town, ancient town, historic town, Berber

PMR-D0116
Libya: Ghadames, a Tuareg town, population about 7000, lies approximately 500 miles south-west of Tripoli. It dates back probably to about 3000 BC, thriving in Roman, Byzantine and Arab times. The houses in the old town are all of baked mud, and many of the alleys are enclosed with vaulting as protection from the sun. A UNESCO World Heritage Site. Here: brightly painted cupboards and artefacts adorn the walls of a former living room of a "museum house". Exit to the roof on the left.
Keywords: Maghreb, oasis town, Berber, historic town, ancient town

PMR-D0115
Libya: Ghadames, a Tuareg town, population about 7000, lies approximately 500 miles south-west of Tripoli. It dates back probably to about 3000 BC, thriving in Roman, Byzantine and Arab times. The houses in the old town are all of baked mud, and many of the alleys are enclosed with vaulting as protection from the sun. A UNESCO World Heritage Site. Here: pictures and copperware adorn the walls of a former living room of a "museum house".
Keywords: Maghreb, oasis town, Berber, historic town, ancient town

PMR-D0114
Libya: Ghadames, a Tuareg town, population about 7000, lies approximately 500 miles south-west of Tripoli. It dates back probably to about 3000 BC, thriving in Roman, Byzantine and Arab times. The houses in the old town are all of baked mud, and many of the alleys are enclosed with vaulting as protection from the sun. A UNESCO World Heritage Site. Here: artefacts adorn the walls of a former living room of a "museum house".
Keywords: Maghreb, ancient town, historic town, Berber

PMR-D0113
Libya: Ghadames, a Tuareg town, population about 7000, lies approximately 500 miles south-west of Tripoli. It dates back probably to about 3000 BC, thriving in Roman, Byzantine and Arab times. The houses in the old town are all of baked mud, and many of the alleys are enclosed with vaulting as protection from the sun. A UNESCO World Heritage Site. Here: brightly painted cupboards and wall decorations in the former living room of a "museum house".
Keywords: Maghreb, Berber, historic town, ancient town, oasis town

PMR-D0112
Libya: Ghadames, a Tuareg town, population about 7000, lies approximately 500 miles south-west of Tripoli. It dates back probably to about 3000 BC, thriving in Roman, Byzantine and Arab times. The houses in the old town are all of baked mud, and many of the alleys are enclosed with vaulting as protection from the sun. A UNESCO World Heritage Site. Here: these coloured leather squares, nailed to the door, indicate that the owner has made the Haj trip.
Keywords: Maghreb, ancient town, historic town, Berber

PMR-D0111
Libya: Ghadames, a Tuareg town, population about 7000, lies approximately 500 miles south-west of Tripoli. It dates back probably to about 3000 BC, thriving in Roman, Byzantine and Arab times. The houses in the old town are all of baked mud, and many of the alleys are enclosed with vaulting as protection from the sun. A UNESCO World Heritage Site. Here: a typical mud-walled street.
Keywords: Maghreb, oasis town, Berber, historic town, ancient town

PMR-D0110
Libya: Ghadames, a Tuareg town, population about 7000, lies approximately 500 miles south-west of Tripoli. It dates back probably to about 3000 BC, thriving in Roman, Byzantine and Arab times. The houses in the old town are all of baked mud, and many of the alleys are enclosed with vaulting as protection from the sun. A UNESCO World Heritage Site. Here: a mud-walled room of a house with kitchen utensils.
Keywords: Maghreb, oasis town, ancient town, historic town, Berber

PMR-D0105
Macedonia, Bitola: Tragic Mask (2nd century) in museum at Heraclea Lyncestis, a town founded by Philip II of Macedon in 4th century BC, which later flourished under the Romans due to its position on the Via Egnatia.
Keywords: archeology, historic, Graeco-Roman, Greek, Roman, excavations

PMR-D0099
Croatia, Solin: reconstruction of a room in a Roman villa in the ancient city of Salona, by the site museum. Salona is now within the municipal boundaries of Split.
Keywords: archeology, decor, excavations, historic

PMR-D0098
Croatia, Solin: Latin inscription on a stone sarcophagus in the ruins of the ancient Roman city of Salona, near today's Split.
Keywords: archeology, excavations, historic

PMR326-03
USSR, Leningrad, Petrodvorets: the two Roman Fountains in the parterre which are based on originals in St. Peter's Square, Rome. Colourful flowerbeds in the foreground.
Keywords: picturesque, culture, heritage, St. Petersburg, garden, park, grounds, Peterhof

PMR326-02
USSR, Leningrad, Petrodvorets: view of the twin Roman Fountains from the Chessboard Cascade stairway, with statues in the foreground depicting antique gods.
Keywords: metropolis, picturesque, culture, colourful, heritage, St. Petersburg, gardens, park, grounds, Peterhof

PMR323-02
USSR, Leningrad: Rostral Columns, formerly lighthouses, on the Strelka, decorated with ships' prows and based on Roman originals (rostrum = prow).
Keywords: metropolis, picturesque, culture, historic, colourful, heritage, monument, sculpture, street scene, St. Petersburg

PMR206-11
Israel, Jerusalem: the Western (Wailing) Wall :
the lower 7 stone courses (19 more are below ground level!) are from the time of Herod (20 BC); the next 4 courses are from Roman times, and the top part was added at the time of the British mandate. At present it stands 18 metres high.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, tradition, culture, capital city, religious centre, Christian, Jewish, Muslim, Orthodox, walled city, fortifications, defence, cosmopolitan, picturesque

PMR291-01
Turkey, Anamur: this imposing fortress, Mamure Castle, sited on a spit of land jutting into the sea, was originally built by the Romans in the 4th century AD and was one of the last strongholds of the Crusaders until 1221 when it fell to the Seljuk Turks who extended it to its present size.
Keywords: fortifications, defence, castle, impregnable, crenellations

PMR289-07
Turkey, Hierapolis: source of the mineral spring which now issues forth from a number of culverts into the swimming pool.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, masonry, ruin, archeology, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, architecture, bathing, cool, refreshing, oleander

PMR289-06
Turkey, Hierapolis: crystal-clear waters of the swimming pool in Pamukkale, fed by the mineral spring, and featuring architectural fragments from the Roman edifice.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, masonry, ruin, archeology, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, architecture, bathing, cool, refreshing, oleander

PMR289-05
Turkey, Hierapolis: crystal-clear waters of the swimming pool in Pamukkale, fed by the mineral spring, and featuring architectural fragments from the Roman edifice.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, masonry, ruin, archeology, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, architecture, bathing, cool, refreshing, oleander

PMR289-04
Turkey, Hierapolis: main street and the Gate of Domitian (end of 1st century AD).
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, architecture

PMR289-03
Turkey, Hierapolis: sarcophagi in the extensive Roman Necropolis showing one of the burial chambers with a sarcophagus on the roof.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, architecture

PMR289-02
Turkey, Hierapolis: part of the extensive Roman Necropolis with Roman Baths in the background.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, architecture

PMR288-09
Turkey, Hierapolis: evidence of earthquake activity may be seen in the 9" displacement of this stone water conduit.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, architecture

PMR288-08
Turkey, Hierapolis: built during Hadrian's rule the amphitheatre had seats for 15-20,000 spectators. Above the stage are two excellently preserved series of reliefs, of Apollo and Artemis.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, architecture

PMR287-11
Turkey, Aphrodisias: stoa of the palaestra adjoining the Baths of Hadrian (?)
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, Greek, architecture

PMR287-10
Turkey, Aphrodisias: view of the stage of the amphitheatre and the surrounding countryside. The "piazza" behind the stage was laid out at the end of the 4th century AD.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, Greek, architecture

PMR287-09
Turkey, Aphrodisias: the well-preservd stage of the amphitheatre, converted in the 2nd century AD for fights between gladiators and wild animals.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, Greek, architecture

PMR287-08
Turkey, Aphrodisias: an impressive row of Ionic columns marks the southern stoa of the agora. Still being excavated (1989).
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, Greek, architecture

PMR287-07
Turkey, Aphrodisias: the Odeon, built in the 2nd century AD, was formerly roofed over. The stage is presently flooded (and full of frogs providing a rousing chorus!)
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, Greek, architecture

PMR287-05
Turkey, Aphrodisias: view of the stadium from one of the tunnel entrances.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, Greek, architecture

PMR287-04
Turkey, Aphrodisias: the huge stadium, 228 metres long, probably the best preserved of any from the ancient world.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, Greek, architecture

PMR286-07
Turkey, Didyma: the huge Temple of Apollo, measuring 120 metres long by 60 metres wide, was begun in the 3rd century BC, worked on for 300 years, but never completed. The Oracle of Didyma probably goes back as far as 1000 BC and rivalled that of Delphi in influence and was older.
General view of the temple.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, Greek, architecture

PMR286-06
Turkey, Didyma: the huge Temple of Apollo, measuring 120 metres long by 60 metres wide, was begun in the 3rd century BC, worked on for 300 years, but never completed. The Oracle of Didyma probably goes back as far as 1000 BC and rivalled that of Delphi in influence and was older.
Capital, from one of the Ionic columns.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, Greek, architecture

PMR286-05
Turkey, Didyma: the huge Temple of Apollo, measuring 120 metres long by 60 metres wide, was begun in the 3rd century BC, worked on for 300 years, but never completed. The Oracle of Didyma probably goes back as far as 1000 BC and rivalled that of Delphi in influence and was older. Griffin, one of many adorning the frieze of the Adyton, or main hall.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, Greek, architecture

PMR286-04
Turkey, Didyma: the huge Temple of Apollo, measuring 120 metres long by 60 metres wide, was begun in the 3rd century BC, worked on for 300 years, but never completed. The Oracle of Didyma probably goes back as far as 1000 BC and rivalled that of Delphi in influence and was older. Interior: in the foreground once stood a small building, 10 metres high, where the Oracle was situated.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, Greek, architecture

PMR286-03
Turkey, Didyma: the huge Temple of Apollo, measuring 120 metres long by 60 metres wide, was begun in the 3rd century BC, worked on for 300 years, but never completed. The Oracle of Didyma probably goes back as far as 1000 BC and rivalled that of Delphi in influence and was older. Impressive carvings on the bases of the massive columns.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, Greek, architecture

PMR286-02
Turkey, Didyma: the huge Temple of Apollo, measuring 120 metres long by 60 metres wide, was begun in the 3rd century BC, worked on for 300 years, but never completed. The Oracle of Didyma probably goes back as far as 1000 BC and rivalled that of Delphi in influence and was older. One of a number of heads of Medusa, which occupied places of honour on the entablature.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, Greek, architecture

PMR286-01
Turkey, Miletus: recently restored Ionic stoa, built 41-54 AD in the time of Emperor Claudius (flooded).
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, Greek

PMR285-12
Turkey, Miletus: behind the columns of a stoa, the remains of a monument to commemorate a sea battle stand on the edge of the former harbour.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, Greek

PMR285-11
Turkey, Miletus: Roman amphitheatre, dating from the 2nd century AD, had seating for 25,000 spectators. Twin columns mark the position of the emperor's box.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, Greek, architecture

PMR285-10
Turkey, Priene: view of the agora with the Temple of Zeus on the left. The plain beyond was an arm of the sea in Greek and Roman times.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, Greek

PMR285-09
Turkey, Priene: one of the seats of honour, almost on the stage of the Greek amphitheatre (4th century BC)..
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, Greek

PMR285-08
Turkey, Priene: Temple of Athena, begun in the 4th century BC, was one of the finest examples of Ionian architecture in Asia Minor.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, Greek

PMR285-02
Turkey, Ephesus: ruins of the East Gymnasium.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman

PMR285-01
Turkey, Ephesus: a well-preserved pair of caryatids.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman

PMR284-12
Turkey, Ephesus: Via Couretes, named after the Council of Priests.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman

PMR284-11
Turkey, Ephesus: Temple of Hadrian (130 AD) reconstructed with original parts.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman

PMR284-10
Turkey, Ephesus: view of the amphitheatre from the Via Arcadia.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman

PMR284-09
Turkey, Ephesus: Via Arcadia, 500-metre-long marble paved ceremonial way, which was lit after dark, leading to the (former)harbour. View from the amphitheatre.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman

PMR284-08
Turkey, Ephesus: the large amphitheatre, seating 25,000, was rebuilt on a number of occasions, but only finished in Trajan's time.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman

PMR284-06
Turkey, Izmir (Smyrna): row of Corinthian columns in the Greek agora, rebuilt by the Romans in the time of Marcus Aurelius. View with one of the entry arches in the foreground.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman

PMR284-05
Turkey, Izmir (Smyrna): row of Corinthian columns in the Greek agora, rebuilt by the Romans in the time of Marcus Aurelius.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman

PMR283-11
Turkey, Pergamon: old Turkish bridge, with the Roman city wall visible on the hillside beyond.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage

PMR283-10
Turkey, Pergamon: monumental Temple of the Egyptian Divinities ("Red Hall") probably built by Hadrian in the 2nd century AD, View of the interior: the low stone walls are the remains of a Byzantine church built inside the temple. On the podium stood a colossal figure of a god, enabled to "speak" by means of a secret passage to the head.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman, oracle

PMR283-05
Turkey, Pergamon: the Asklepieion: remaining Ionic columns of the northern stoa, reflected in a pool.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman

PMR283-04
Turkey, Pergamon: the Asklepieion: devoted to natural cures, this ancient "sanatorium" had its own small theatre, seating about 3,500 spectators.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman

PMR283-03
Turkey, Pergamon: the Asklepieion: the sacred spring of the Romans still has its uses.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman

PMR283-02
Turkey, Pergamon: monumental Temple of the Egyptian Divinities ("Red Hall") probably built by Hadrian in the 2nd century AD, formerly completely sheathed in marble.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman

PMR282-10
Turkey, Pergamon: amphitheatre seating 10,000, with the Temple of Dionysus in the right foreground, formerly lined with Doric columns.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman

PMR282-08
Turkey, Pergamon: view of the re-erected columns and pediment of the northern stoa of the Temple of Trajan, built in the 2nd century AD.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman

PMR282-07
Turkey, Pergamon: columns of the northern stoa of the Temple of Trajan, built in the 2nd century AD, with columns of the eastern stoa in the foreground.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman

PMR282-06
Turkey, Pergamon: columns of the northern stoa of the Temple of Trajan, built in the 2nd century AD.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Roman

PMR281-08
Turkey, Troy: the site consists of 9 cities (Troy I - Troy IX), built one upon the other, the oldest dating from 3200 BC. Fragments of columns, with the remains of the small Roman theatre in the background.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, Greek, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, picturesque, national heritage, Truva

PMR263-09
Germany, Rhineland Palatinate, Trier: exposed Roman hypocaust used for heating the floors at St. Barbara's Roman Baths.
Keywords: architecture, metropolis, picturesque, culture, historic, national heritage, colourful, classical, Roman, Rheinland-Pfalz

PMR263-08
Germany, Rhineland Palatinate, Trier: the Roman amphitheatre, built about 100 AD, could accommodate over 25,000 spectators.
Keywords: metropolis, picturesque, culture, historic, national heritage, colourful, mediaeval, medieval, timber-frame, half-timbered, lathe and plaster, classical, Rheinland-Pfalz

PMR262-04
Germany, Rhineland Palatinate, Trier: current (1988) excavations of a third Roman baths complex in the centre of the city.
Keywords: architecture, metropolis, picturesque, culture, historic, national heritage, colourful, mediaeval, medieval, classical, Roman, Rheinland-Pfalz, archeological, excavations, ruin

PMR262-02
Germany, Rhineland Palatinate, Trier: view along the River Mosel, with the Kaiser Wilhelm Bridge in the foreground, and the Roman Bridge in the distance.
Keywords: architecture, metropolis, picturesque, culture, historic, national heritage, Rheinland-Pfalz, panorama

PMR261-10
Germany, Rhineland Palatinate, Trier: a variety of architectural styles can be seen from the cloister garden of the cathedral. The core is Roman from the time of Constantine.
Keywords: architecture, metropolis, picturesque, culture, historic, national heritage, colourful, mediaeval, medieval, classical, Roman, Rheinland-Pfalz, UNESCO

PMR261-09
Germany, Rhineland Palatinate, Trier: view of the Hauptmarkt through the wrought iron gate of St.Gangolf's Church.
Keywords: architecture, metropolis, picturesque, culture, historic, national heritage, colourful, mediaeval, medieval, timber-frame, half-timbered, lathe and plaster, classical, Roman, Rheinland-Pfalz

PMR261-08
Germany, Rhineland Palatinate, Trier: "Steipe", a 15th century councillors' banqueting house (centre), bears the fanciful inscription in Latin: "Trier lived for 1300 years before Rome even came into being".
Keywords: architecture, metropolis, picturesque, culture, historic, national heritage, colourful, mediaeval, medieval, timber-frame, half-timbered, lathe and plaster, classical, Roman, Rheinland-Pfalz

PMR261-06
Germany, Rhineland Palatinate, Trier: some of the 6 kilometres of underground passages for heating and water circulation.
Keywords: architecture, metropolis, picturesque, culture, historic, national heritage, colourful, classical, Roman, Rheinland-Pfalz, hypocaust

PMR261-05
Germany, Rhineland Palatinate, Trier: Imperial Roman Baths (4th century), the largest outside Rome. These walls (partially rebuilt) formed the apse of the caldarium.
Keywords: architecture, metropolis, picturesque, culture, historic, national heritage, colourful, classical, Roman, Rheinland-Pfalz

PMR261-03
Germany, Rhineland Palatinate, Trier: view of the Electoral Palace from the gardens, with the red-brick basilica (aula palatina) of the palace of Constantine the Great, behind.
Keywords: architecture, metropolis, picturesque, culture, historic, national heritage, colourful, Roman, Rheinland-Pfalz, classical

PMR260-10
Germany, Rhineland Palatinate, Trier: stone carving of a Roman wine boat, dating from the third century AD, unearthed in Neumagen. The earliest evidence of wine-growing in Germany.
Keywords: metropolis, picturesque, culture, historic, national heritage, classical, Roman, Rheinland-Pfalz

PMR260-05
Germany, Rhineland Palatinate, Trier: Porta Nigra, the Roman city gate built in 2nd century AD, View from inside the city wall.
Keywords: architecture, metropolis, picturesque, culture, historic, national heritage, classical, Roman, Rheinland-Pfalz, masonry, ancient, UNESCO

PMR260-03
Germany, Rhineland Palatinate, Trier: Porta Nigra, the Roman city gate built in 2nd century AD, showing the apse and dwarf gallery added in 11th century when it was converted to a church. The top storey of the left-hand tower was removed at this time.
Keywords: architecture, metropolis, picturesque, culture, historic, national heritage, classical, Roman, Rheinland-Pfalz, masonry, ancient, UNESCO

PMR260-02
Germany, Rhineland Palatinate, Trier: Porta Nigra, the Roman city gate built in 2nd century AD, showing the apse and dwarf gallery added in 11th century when it was converted to a church. The top storey of the left-hand tower was removed at this time.
Keywords: architecture, metropolis, picturesque, culture, historic, national heritage, classical, Roman, Rheinland-Pfalz, masonry, ancient, UNESCO

PMR227-02
Greece, Athens: remains of the courtyard of the Roman Agora, with the Propylaeum on the far side.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, Greek, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, architecture, classical, heritage, monument, capital city

PMR227-01
Greece, Athens: Tower of the Winds, in the Roman Agora, decorated with figures representing the winds from 8 compass points. Built in the 1st century BC to contain an ingenious water clock designed by Andronikus Kyrrhestes.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, Greek, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, architecture, classical, heritage, monument, capital city

PMR226-01
Greece, Athens: Byzanine Church of the Apostles, built in 11th century on the site of a Roman Nympheum.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, Greek, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, architecture, classical, heritage, monument, capital city

PMR224-06
Greece, Delphi: the Stadium, where the Delphi Games took place. 177.55 metres long, accommodating 7000 spectators, with 17 or 18 running tracks. View of the seating, starting line, and remains of the Roman Triumphal Arch.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, culture, art, Greek, masonry, ruin, archeology, excavations, sport, athletics, competition

PMR223-03
Greece, Thessaloniki: the Arch of Galerius, erected in 303 AD to commemorate the victory of the Roman Emperor over the Persians.
Keywords: architecture, metropolis, picturesque, culture, historic, national heritage, colourful, ruin, monument, Graeco-Roman, masonry

PMR207-03
Israel, Jerusalem: view inside the Citadel, originally a palace of Herod the Great; later the palace of Pontius Pilate, garrison of the Roman X Legion, etc.
Keywords: historic, antiquity, tradition, culture, capital city, religious centre, Christian, Jewish, Muslim, Orthodox, walled city, fortifications, defence, cosmopolitan, picturesque

PMR205-02
Israel, Dead Sea, Masada: a fortified rock plateau, on which Herod the Great built his palaces. Site of Roman siege in 37-31 BC when allegedly 900 Jews committed mass suicide. Northern Palace of Herod the Great: the circular middle terrace as seen from the upper terrace. A Roman siege camp site is visible in the background.
Keywords: desert, fortifications, defence, isolated, tragedy, historic, UNESCO Site, steep, impregnable

PMR205-01
Israel, Dead Sea, Masada: a fortified rock plateau, on which Herod the Great built his palaces. Site of Roman siege in 37-31 BC when allegedly 900 Jews committed mass suicide. Northern Palace of Herod the Great: part of a row of columns on the lower terrace.
Keywords: desert, fortifications, defence, isolated, tragedy, historic, UNESCO Site, steep, impregnable

PMR204-12
Israel, Dead Sea, Masada: a fortified rock plateau, on which Herod the Great built his palaces. Site of Roman siege in 37-31 BC when allegedly 900 Jews committed mass suicide. View from the lookout tower: stone quarry in the foreground, storerooms on the left, and the Dead Sea in the background.
Keywords: desert, fortifications, defence, isolated, tragedy, historic, UNESCO Site, steep, impregnable

PMR204-11
Israel, Dead Sea, Masada: a fortified rock plateau, on which Herod the Great built his palaces. Site of Roman siege in 37-31 BC when allegedly 900 Jews committed mass suicide. The synagogue, from Herod's time, the oldest synagogue so far discovered.
Keywords: desert, fortifications, defence, isolated, tragedy, historic, UNESCO Site, steep, impregnable

PMR204-10
Israel, Dead Sea, Masada: a fortified rock plateau, on which Herod the Great built his palaces. Site of Roman siege in 37-31 BC when allegedly 900 Jews committed mass suicide. Earth Ramp built by the Romans prior to storming the fortress. The site of the Roman siege camps (X Legion) are clearly to be seen.
Keywords: desert, fortifications, defence, isolated, tragedy, historic, UNESCO Site, steep, impregnable

PMR204-09
Israel, Dead Sea, Masada: a fortified rock plateau, on which Herod the Great built his palaces. Site of Roman siege in 37-31 BC when allegedly 900 Jews committed mass suicide. Washroom for visitors to the Western Palace of Herod. In the background: the swimming pool and a smaller royal residence.
Keywords: desert, fortifications, defence, isolated, tragedy, historic, UNESCO Site, steep, impregnable

PMR204-08
Israel, Dead Sea, Masada: a fortified rock plateau, on which Herod the Great built his palaces. Site of Roman siege in 37-31 BC when allegedly 900 Jews committed mass suicide. Pathway leading up to the Western Gate from Wadi Masada.
Keywords: desert, fortifications, defence, isolated, tragedy, historic, UNESCO Site, steep, impregnable

PMR204-07
Israel, Dead Sea, Masada: a fortified rock plateau, on which Herod the Great built his palaces. Site of Roman siege in 37-31 BC when allegedly 900 Jews committed mass suicide. Herodian swimming pool with steps leading down. Formerly lined with waterproof mortar. Everything above the black line has been reconstructed, below it is original.
Keywords: desert, fortifications, defence, isolated, tragedy, historic, UNESCO Site, steep, impregnable

PMR204-06
Israel, Dead Sea, Masada: a fortified rock plateau, on which Herod the Great built his palaces. Site of Roman siege in 37-31 BC when allegedly 900 Jews committed mass suicide. Columbarium, a round Herodian building with niches for the deposit of ashes of non-Jewish members of the garrison.
Keywords: desert, fortifications, defence, isolated, tragedy, historic, UNESCO Site, steep, impregnable

PMR204-05
Israel, Dead Sea, Masada: a fortified rock plateau, on which Herod the Great built his palaces. Site of Roman siege in 37-31 BC when allegedly 900 Jews committed mass suicide. A casemate in the curtain wall on the edge of a sheer drop; built by Herod the Great but later used as a dwelling by Byzantines and Jews.
Keywords: desert, fortifications, defence, isolated, tragedy, historic, UNESCO Site, steep, impregnable

PMR204-04
Israel, Dead Sea, Masada: a fortified rock plateau, on which Herod the Great built his palaces. Site of Roman siege in 37-31 BC when allegedly 900 Jews committed mass suicide. View of the snake path, cable car and car park, with the Dead Sea in the background. On the left, site of one of the Roman siege camps.
Keywords: desert, fortifications, defence, isolated, tragedy, historic, UNESCO Site, steep, impregnable

PMR203-10
Israel, Negev Desert: ruins of Avdat, a city founded in the third century BC by the Nabateans at a fork in the caravan route. View of the fortifications on Avdat's hill, taken from the roof of a ruined Roman dwelling house.
Keywords: desert, sandstone, geological, rock formations, barren, waterless, colourful, picturesque, archeology, historical

PMR189-12
Italy, Campania, Amalfi: the first Maritime Republic in Italy after the fall of the Roman Empire, Amalfi possessed one of the largest fleets of the area in the 11th century. Hotel Excelsior, overlooking Amalfi Harbour.
Keywords: picturesque, terraced, steep, rocky, historic, architecture, heritage, culture

PMR196-11
Germany, Hesse, Frankfurt am Main: 15th century Gothic tower of the cathedral, where emperors of the Holy Roman Empire were crowned up to 1806.
Keywords: architecture, metropolis, culture, historic , heritage, Hessen

PMR194-11
Italy, Campania, Herculaneum: the ancient Roman town, buried by pyroclastic flows during the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD. The part of the Decumanus Maximus (main street) which has already been excavated, seen from present day ground level.
Keywords: heritage, ruins, archeology, architecture, historic, UNESCO, culture, classical, excavations, masonry, monument, inundation, Roman life, Roman house, Roman street, Ercolano

PMR194-09
Italy, Campania, Herculaneum: the ancient Roman town, buried by pyroclastic flows during the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD. Decumanus Maximus (main street) with stone drinking trough. Some partly demolished modern houses can be seen at the present ground level.
Keywords: heritage, ruins, archeology, architecture, historic, UNESCO, culture, classical, excavations, masonry, monument, inundation, Roman life, Roman house, Roman street, Ercolano

PMR194-08
Italy, Campania, Herculaneum: the ancient Roman town, buried by pyroclastic flows during the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD. The "Wooden Trellis House" (Casa a Graticcio) has two storeys, with portico and loggia, divided into apartments. It was built using the cheapest construction methods.
Keywords: heritage, ruins, archeology, architecture, historic, UNESCO, culture, classical, excavations, masonry, monument, inundation, Roman life, Roman house, Roman street, Ercolano

PMR194-07
Italy, Campania, Herculaneum: the ancient Roman town, buried by pyroclastic flows during the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD. A street (Cardine IV) which formerly led straight on to a promenade overlooking the sea, now several miles away. Unlike Pmpeii, the streets have underground sewers.
Keywords: heritage, ruins, archeology, architecture, historic, UNESCO, culture, classical, excavations, masonry, monument, inundation, Roman life, Roman house, Roman street, Ercolano

PMR192-11
Italy, Campania, Pompeii: the ancient Roman town , buried by ash and pumice during the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD. the Large Palaestra, or gymnasium, with swimming pool in the centre, measuring 35 x 22 metres.
Keywords: heritage, ruins, archeology, architecture, historic, UNESCO, culture, classical, excavations, masonry, monument, inundation, Roman life, Roman house, Roman street

PMR192-10
Italy, Campania, Pompeii: the ancient Roman town , buried by ash and pumice during the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD. Amphitheatre, built in 80 BC.
Keywords: heritage, ruins, archeology, architecture, historic, UNESCO, culture, classical, excavations, masonry, monument, inundation, Roman life, Roman house, Roman street

PMR192-09
Italy, Campania, Pompeii: the ancient Roman town , buried by ash and pumice during the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD. "House of Loreius Tibertinus", a priest of the goddess Isis: fresco of Pyramus and Thisbe in the triclinium (dining room).
Keywords: heritage, ruins, archeology, architecture, historic, UNESCO, culture, classical, excavations, masonry, monument, inundation, Roman life, Roman house, Roman street

PMR192-08
Italy, Campania, Pompeii: the ancient Roman town , buried by ash and pumice during the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD. Via dell'Abbondanza, "House of Trebius Valens" with second storey, and the Schola Armaturarum" (reroofed), probably the centre of a military association.
Keywords: heritage, ruins, archeology, architecture, historic, UNESCO, culture, classical, excavations, masonry, monument, inundation, Roman life, Roman house, Roman street

PMR192-07
Italy, Campania, Pompeii: the ancient Roman town , buried by ash and pumice during the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD. "House of Obelius Firmus" dating from the Samnite age. Visible are the four large columns of the atrium, the impluvium, and the smaller columns surrounding the peristyle to the rear.
Keywords: heritage, ruins, archeology, architecture, historic, UNESCO, culture, classical, excavations, masonry, monument, inundation, Roman life, Roman house, Roman street

PMR192-06
Italy, Campania, Pompeii: the ancient Roman town , buried by ash and pumice during the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD. Via Nola, the limit of the present excavations: on the left cultivated fields still cover a section of the town.
Keywords: heritage, ruins, archeology, architecture, historic, UNESCO, culture, classical, excavations, masonry, monument, inundation, Roman life, Roman house, Roman street

PMR192-04
Italy, Campania, Pompeii: the ancient Roman town , buried by ash and pumice during the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD. Porta Marina - the single track of the gate widens immediately into a double track road.
Keywords: heritage, ruins, archeology, architecture, historic, UNESCO, culture, classical, excavations, masonry, monument, inundation, Roman life, Roman house, Roman street

PMR192-01
Italy, Campania, Isle of Capri: Villa Iovis (Jupiter's Villa), the former palace of Tiberius, surmounting Mount Tiberius (275 metres). Some of the vaulted roofs of the halls still survive.
Keywords: heritage, Roman, ruins, archeology, architecture, historic, masonry, stonework

PMR191-12
Italy, Campania, Isle of Capri: brooms flowering in the Villa Iovis (Jupiter's Villa), the former palace of Tiberius, surmounting Mount Tiberius (275 metres). Visible for miles is the new statue of the Virgin and Child, unveiled by Pope John-Paul II after being lowered into place by a helicopter of the U.S. Forces.
Keywords: heritage, Roman, ruins, archeology, architecture, sculpture, Christian, monument, religious

PMR191-11
Italy, Campania, Isle of Capri: Villa Iovis (Jupiter's Villa), the former palace of Tiberius, surmounting Mount Tiberius (275 metres). Marina Grande lies below.
Keywords: steep, heritage, Roman, ruins, archeology, architecture, commanding view

PMR189-11
Italy, Campania, Amalfi: the first Maritime Republic in Italy after the fall of the Roman Empire, Amalfi possessed one of the largest fleets of the area in the 11th century. Capo Atrani and Capo d'Orso from the heights of the Pogerola road.
Keywords: picturesque, terraced, steep, rocky, historic, architecture, heritage, culture

PMR189-10
Italy, Campania, Amalfi: the first Maritime Republic in Italy after the fall of the Roman Empire, Amalfi possessed one of the largest fleets of the area in the 11th century. The former Via Genova (now renamed) with a fishmonger's "fresco" on ceramic tiles.
Keywords: picturesque, historic, architecture, heritage, culture, street scene, cliffs, rocky, narrow

PMR189-08
Italy, Campania, Amalfi: the first Maritime Republic in Italy after the fall of the Roman Empire, Amalfi possessed one of the largest fleets of the area in the 11th century. Wedding party ascending the steps of the Cathedral of St. Andrew, dating from the 11th century, but largely rebuilt in the 19th century.
Keywords: picturesque, terraced, steep, historic, architecture, heritage, culture, Romanesque

PMR189-06
Italy, Campania, Amalfi: the first Maritime Republic in Italy after the fall of the Roman Empire, Amalfi possessed one of the largest fleets of the area in the 11th century. View of the harbour and fishing boats
Keywords: picturesque, terraced, steep, rocky, historic, heritage, culture, quay, jetty

PMR186-08
Hungary, Budapest: the excavated remains of the Roman town of Aquincum, capital of the Roman province of Pannonia Inferior in the 2nd/3rd century AD. In the background stands the museum.
Keywords: capital city, metropolis, culture, historic , heritage, ruins, archeology, excavations

PMR186-07
Hungary, Budapest: the excavated remains of the Roman town of Aquincum, capital of the Roman province of Pannonia Inferior in the 2nd/3rd century AD.
Keywords: capital city, metropolis, culture, historic , heritage, ruins, archeology, excavations

PMR174-07
U.S.A., New York: Roman Catholic Cathedral of New York, St. Patrick's, completed in 1906 in neo-Gothic style, modelled on Cologne Cathedral. View from the top of the RCA Building.
Keywords: architecture, metropolis, heritage, picturesque, historical, culture, coastal city

PMR174-05
U.S.A., New York: Roman Catholic Cathedral of New York, St. Patrick's, completed in 1906 in neo-Gothic style, modelled on Cologne Cathedral. View along Fifth Avenue with Olympic Tower and Corning Glass Building.
Keywords: architecture, metropolis, heritage, picturesque, historical, culture, coastal city

PMR174-04
U.S.A., New York: Roman Catholic Cathedral of New York, St. Patrick's, completed in 1906 in neo-Gothic style, modelled on Cologne Cathedral. View from the Rockefeller Center.
Keywords: architecture, metropolis, heritage, picturesque, historical, culture, coastal city

PMR140-03
Italy, Rome: the Via Appia Antica in 1982, with the grooves of Roman chariot wheels clearly visible.
Keywords: historic, heritage, archeology, classical, ruins, culture, capital city, paving, antiquity, artery

PMR-D2686
Iran, Bishapur: Bas-relief in the Chogon Gorge celebrating the achievements of Shapur I. He defeated Roman armies three times and took Emperor Valerian captive.
Keywords: Persia, Islam, Shi-ite, Muslim, archeology, Sassannian, historical, heritage, ancient, antique, geology

PMR-D2685
Iran, Bishapur: Bas-relief in the Chogon Gorge celebrating the achievements of Shapur I. He defeated Roman armies three times and took Emperor Valerian captive. The groove was the high-water mark of a flood in the 1960s.
Keywords: Persia, Islam, Shi-ite, Muslim, archeology, Sassannian, historical, heritage, ancient, antique, geology

PMR-D2684
Iran, Bishapur: Bas-relief in the Chogon Gorge celebrating the achievements of Shapur I. He defeated Roman armies three times and took Emperor Valerian captive. The groove was the high-water mark of a flood in the 1960s.
Keywords: Persia, Islam, Shi-ite, Muslim, archeology, Sassannian, historical, heritage, ancient, antique, geology

PMR-D2450
Iran, Naqsh-e Rostam: bas-relief of the triumph of Sassanid King Shapur I over the Roman Emperor Valerian, and Philip the Arab.
Keywords: Persia, Islam, Shi-ite, Muslim, religion, architecture, bas-reliefs, historic, heritage, archeology

PMR-D2391
Iran, Bishapur: Bas-relief in the Chogon Gorge celebrating the achievements of Shapur I. He defeated Roman armies three times and took Emperor Valerian captive.
Keywords: Persia, Islam, Shi-ite, Muslim, archeology, Sassannian, historical, heritage, ancient, antique, geology

PMR-D2390
Iran, Bishapur: Bas-relief in the Chogon Gorge celebrating the achievements of Shapur I. He defeated Roman armies three times and took Emperor Valerian captive.
Keywords: Persia, Islam, Shi-ite, Muslim, archeology, Sassannian, historical, heritage, ancient, antique, geology

PMR-D2389
Iran, Bishapur: Bas-relief in the Chogon Gorge celebrating the achievements of Shapur I. He defeated Roman armies three times and took Emperor Valerian captive. The groove was the high-water mark of a flood in the 1960s.
Keywords: Persia, Islam, Shi-ite, Muslim, archeology, Sassannian, historical, heritage, ancient, antique, geology

PMR-D2387
Iran, Bishapur: "Shapur's City" was the capital of Shapur I (241-272 AD), one of the major Sassanid kings, and was largely built by Roman captives. Some of the surviving ruined buildings.
Keywords: Persia, Islam, Shi-ite, Muslim, architecture, archeology, Sassannian, ruins, historical, heritage, ancient, antique, religion

PMR-D2386
Iran, Bishapur: "Shapur's City" was the capital of Shapur I (241-272 AD), one of the major Sassanid kings, and was largely built by Roman captives. Some of the surviving ruined buildings.
Keywords: Persia, Islam, Shi-ite, Muslim, architecture, archeology, Sassannian, ruins, historical, heritage, ancient, antique, religion

PMR-D2385
Iran, Bishapur: "Shapur's City" was the capital of Shapur I (241-272 AD), one of the major Sassanid kings, and was largely built by Roman captives. Anahita's Temple, with pool (?) below ground level.
Keywords: Persia, Islam, Shi-ite, Muslim, architecture, archeology, Sassannian, ruins, historical, heritage, ancient, antique, religion

PMR-D2384
Iran, Bishapur: "Shapur's City" was the capital of Shapur I (241-272 AD), one of the major Sassanid kings, and was largely built by Roman captives. Some of the surviving ruined buildings.
Keywords: Persia, Islam, Shi-ite, Muslim, architecture, archeology, Sassannian, ruins, historical, heritage, ancient, antique, religion

PMR-D2383
Iran, Bishapur: "Shapur's City" was the capital of Shapur I (241-272 AD), one of the major Sassanid kings, and was largely built by Roman captives. Anahita's Temple.
Keywords: Persia, Islam, Shi-ite, Muslim, architecture, archeology, Sassannian, ruins, historical, heritage, ancient, antique, religion

PMR-D2357
Iran, Pol-e-Dokhtar: ruins of a major bridge over the River Karcheh, built on the orders of the Sassanid King Shahpur I (242-272) by Roman prisoners of war.
Keywords: Persia, Islam, Shi-ite, Muslim, mosque, religion, architecture, archeology, historic, heritage

PMR-D2356
Iran, Pol-e-Dokhtar: ruins of a major bridge over the River Karcheh, built on the orders of the Sassanid King Shahpur I (242-272) by Roman prisoners of war.
Keywords: Persia, Islam, Shi-ite, Muslim, mosque, religion, architecture, archeology, historic, heritage

PMR-D2355
Iran, Pol-e-Dokhtar: ruins of a major bridge over the River Karcheh, built on the orders of the Sassanid King Shahpur I (242-272) by Roman prisoners of war.
Keywords: Persia, Islam, Shi-ite, Muslim, mosque, religion, architecture, archeology, historic, heritage

PMR-D2354
Iran, Pol-e-Dokhtar: ruins of a major bridge over the River Karcheh, built on the orders of the Sassanid King Shahpur I (242-272) by Roman prisoners of war.
Keywords: Persia, Islam, Shi-ite, Muslim, mosque, religion, architecture, archeology, historic, heritage

PMR-D2348
Iran, Bisotun: the towering cliffs are carved with a series of famous bas-reliefs dating from 520 BC, carried out on the orders of Darius I after his victory over the Medes. The three-language inscriptions enabled the first deciphering of the cuneiform script. *** Local Caption *** Here: the bas-relief of Ardashir II, receiving the ring of Kingship from Ahuramazda (right). Behind the king is Mithras standing on a lotus flower. Beneath their feet is the body of defeated Roman Emperor Julian.
Keywords: Persia, Islam, Shi-ite, UNESCO, historic, heritage, antiquity, archeology, Sassanids, Persian Empire

PMR115K-19
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: Eroded strata, in the form of concentric circles of coloured sandstone.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR115K-16
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: Bands of colour in a bluff on the sandstone cliffs.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR-D2035
Scotland, Edinburgh: view from Calton Hill, with St. Mary's Roman Catholic Cathedral below.
Keywords: architecture, panorama, metropolis, capital city, picturesque, culture, historic, national heritage

PMR-D1983
Northumberland: ruins of Roman Housesteads Fort (NT)(AD 122) - granary floor supports.
Keywords: heritage, defence, fortifications , archeology, preservation, historic, culture, picturesque

PMR-D1982
England, Northumberland: ruins of Roman Housesteads Fort
(National Trust), founded about 122 AD and one of 16 forts adjoining Hadrian's Wall.
Keywords: heritage, defence, fortifications , archeology, preservation, historic, culture, picturesque

PMR-D1980
Northumberland: ruins of Roman Housesteads Fort (AD 122) (NT) - the latrines.
Keywords: architecture, defence, fortifications , archeology, preservation, historic, culture, picturesque, heritage

PMR472-10
France, Provence, Arles: facade and porch of the church of St. Trophime, built from 1080 onwards, a masterpiece of Provencal Romanesque architecture. The stone was taken from the old Roman Theatre.
Keywords: picturesque, national heritage, architecture, culture, historic, mediaeval

PMR472-09
France, Provence, Arles: belltower of the church of St. Trophime with part of the cloisters, dating partly from the12th century and partly from the 14th century (south and west). The stone was taken from the old Roman Theatre.
Keywords: picturesque, Romanesque, national heritage, architecture, culture, historic, mediaeval

PMR472-08
France, Provence, Arles: a corner of the cloisters of the church of St. Trophime, famous for the carvings of Biblical scenes, built from 1080 onwards, a masterpiece of Provencal Romanesque architecture. The stone was taken from the old Roman Theatre.
Keywords: picturesque, national heritage, architecture, culture, historic, mediaeval

PMR472-07
France, Provence, Arles: porch of the church of St. Trophime, built from 1080 onwards, a masterpiece of Provencal Romanesque architecture. The stone was taken from the old Roman Theatre.
Keywords: picturesque, mediaeval, historic, culture, architecture, national heritage

PMR472-05
France, Provence, Arles: the Roman arena, built in 75 AD, has a capacity of 20,000 spectators, and is now used for bullfights.
Keywords: picturesque, historic, culture, architecture, national heritage

PMR468-01
Romania. Transylvania, Sibiu: Piata Republicii, with Baroque Roman Catholic Cathedral, built 1726-33.
Keywords: Saxon Land, Siebenbürgen, picturesque, national heritage, architecture, Hermannstadt

PMR514-11
Italy, Campania, Pompeii: one of the granite street-corner drinking fountains, with a row of shops in the background.
Keywords: volcano , Roman ruins, buried city, eruption

PMR514-10
Italy, Campania, Pompeii: reproduction of the bronze "Dancing Faun" figure in the house where it was found.
Keywords: volcano , culture, artistic, sculpture, Roman ruins, buried city, eruption

PMR514-09
Italy, Campania, Pompeii: Via di Mercurio, showing stepping stones for pedestrians to cross the sewage-laden street.
Keywords: volcano , Roman ruins, buried city, eruption

PMR514-07
Italy, Campania, Pozzuoli: the Roman amphitheatre of Flavius, one of the largest in Italy, could accommodate 40,000 spectators. Begun under Nero and completed by Vespasian (69-79 AD).
Keywords: archeology, architecture, columns , culture, historic, Roman ruins, excavations, archeological

PMR514-06
Italy, Campania, Pozzuoli: the Roman "Temple of Serapsis", actually a former colonnaded market surrounded by shops, with a small, circular temple ("tholos") in the centre.
Keywords: archeology, architecture, columns , culture, historic, Roman ruins, excavations, archeological

PMR506-01
Cyprus (North), Salamis: tracing its origins back to the 12th century BC, Salamis was by far the most famous and important ancient city of Cyprus. It was settled early by people from Mycenae, as may be seen from the burial customs. Greeks, Romans and Byzantines came and went, leaving much of archeological interest. Around the 7th century AD the city was abandoned after a series of Arab attacks and the silting-up of the harbour. Here: view showing the extent of the Necropolis of Cellarka, where the common people of Salamis had their tombs.
Keywords: archeology, ancient civilisation, Greek ruins, Roman ruins, Myceneans, Mycenean ruins

PMR505-12
Cyprus (North), Salamis: tracing its origins back to the 12th century BC, Salamis was by far the most famous and important ancient city of Cyprus. It was settled early by people from Mycenae, as may be seen from the burial customs. Greeks, Romans and Byzantines came and went, leaving much of archeological interest. Around the 7th century AD the city was abandoned after a series of Arab attacks and the silting-up of the harbour. Here: packed close together, hewn out of the rock, dozens of tombs of the common people of Salamis comprise the Necropolis of Cellarka.
Keywords: archeology, Mycenean ruins, Myceneans, Roman ruins, Greek ruins, ancient civilisation

PMR505-11
Cyprus, (North), Salamis: tracing its origins back to the 12th century BC, Salamis was by far the most famous and important ancient city of Cyprus. It was settled early by people from Mycenae, as may be seen from the burial customs. Greeks, Romans and Byzantines came and went, leaving much of archeological interest. Around the 7th century AD the city was abandoned after a series of Arab attacks and the silting-up of the harbour. Here: one of about 150 "Royal Tombs" dating from the 8th and 7th centuries BC discovered in 1957. Note the well faced stonework. Behind, over-roofed, is the largest tomb, number 3, a tumulus.
Keywords: archeology, ancient civilisation, Greek ruins, Roman ruins, Myceneans, Mycenean ruins

PMR505-10
Cyprus (North), Salamis: tracing its origins back to the 12th century BC, Salamis was by far the most famous and important ancient city of Cyprus. It was settled early by people from Mycenae, as may be seen from the burial customs. Greeks, Romans and Byzantines came and went, leaving much of archeological interest. Around the 7th century AD the city was abandoned after a series of Arab attacks and the silting-up of the harbour. Here: one of about 150 "Royal Tombs" dating from the 8th and 7th centuries BC discovered in 1957. The glass frame covers the skeletons of ritually sacrificed horses.
Keywords: archeology, ancient civilisation, Greek ruins, Roman ruins, Myceneans, Mycenean ruins

PMR505-09
Cyprus (North), Salamis: tracing its origins back to the 12th century BC, Salamis was by far the most famous and important ancient city of Cyprus. It was settled early by people from Mycenae, as may be seen from the burial customs. Greeks, Romans and Byzantines came and went, leaving much of archeological interest. Around the 7th century AD the city was abandoned after a series of Arab attacks and the silting-up of the harbour. Here: the Monastery of Apóstolos Varnávas, dating back to the 5th century AD but rebuilt in 1756, the former goal of Orthodox pilgrims is now used as an archeological museum.
Keywords: archeology, ancient civilisation, church, belltower

PMR504-02
Cyprus (North), Salamis: tracing its origins back to the 12th century BC, Salamis was by far the most famous and important ancient city of Cyprus. It was settled early by people from Mycenae, as may be seen from the burial customs. Greeks, Romans and Byzantines came and went, leaving much of archeological interest. Around the 7th century AD the city was abandoned after a series of Arab attacks and the silting-up of the harbour. Here: view of the palaestra of the Gymnasium from the top of the amphitheatre.
Keywords: archeology, Mycenean ruins, Myceneans, Roman ruins, Greek ruins, ancient civilisation

PMR504-01
Cyprus (North), Salamis: tracing its origins back to the 12th century BC, Salamis was by far the most famous and important ancient city of Cyprus. It was settled early by people from Mycenae, as may be seen from the burial customs. Greeks, Romans and Byzantines came and went, leaving much of archeological interest. Around the 7th century AD the city was abandoned after a series of Arab attacks and the silting-up of the harbour. Here: the Roman amphitheatre dating from the reign of Augustus and seating about 15,000 persons.
Keywords: archeology, ancient civilisation, Greek ruins, Roman ruins, Myceneans, Mycenean ruins

PMR503-12
Cyprus (North), Salamis: tracing its origins back to the 12th century BC, Salamis was by far the most famous and important ancient city of Cyprus. It was settled early by people from Mycenae, as may be seen from the burial customs. Greeks, Romans and Byzantines came and went, leaving much of archeological interest. Around the 7th century AD the city was abandoned after a series of Arab attacks and the silting-up of the harbour. Here: the remaining columns of the colonnaded palaestra in the Gymnasium.
Keywords: archeology, Mycenean ruins, Myceneans, Roman ruins, Greek ruins, ancient civilisation

PMR503-11
Cyprus (North), Salamis: tracing its origins back to the 12th century BC, Salamis was by far the most famous and important ancient city of Cyprus. It was settled early by people from Mycenae, as may be seen from the burial customs. Greeks, Romans and Byzantines came and went, leaving much of archeological interest. Around the 7th century AD the city was abandoned after a series of Arab attacks and the silting-up of the harbour. Here: headless statues surround one of the swimming pools in the Gymnasium, dating from the Roman period.
Keywords: archeology, Mycenean ruins, Myceneans, Roman ruins, Greek ruins, ancient civilisation

PMR502-08
Cyprus (North), Girne/Kyrenia Castle, built by the Byzantines on a Roman site, and extended by the Lusignans and then the Venetians, the castle has never been taken by force due to its massive defences. View from the east with palm tree and Giant Fennel (Ferula communis) in the foreground.
Keywords: fortress, fort, fortified castle, crenellations, Girne

PMR502-07
Cyprus (North), Girne/Kyrenia Castle, built by the Byzantines on a Roman site, and extended by the Lusignans and then the Venetians, the castle has never been taken by force due to its massive defences. View from the east; the ancient harbour was to the left of the picture.
Keywords: fortress, fort, fortified castle, crenellations, Girne

PMR502-06
Cyprus (North), Girne/Kyrenia Castle, built by the Byzantines on a Roman site, and extended by the Lusignans and then the Venetians, the castle has never been taken by force due to its massive defences. View of the south-east bastion with the ancient harbour in the foreground.
Keywords: fortress, fort, fortified castle, crenellations, Girne

PMR502-02
Cyprus (North), Girne/Kyrenia Castle, built by the Byzantines on a Roman site, and extended by the Lusignans and then the Venetians, the castle has never been taken by force due to its massive defences. View of the interior with colourful Crown Marigolds (Chrysanthemum coronarium) and Corn Poppies (Papaver rhoeas) in the foreground.
Keywords: fortress, fort, fortified castle, crenellations, Girne, Mediterranean flora, spring flowers

PMR502-01
Cyprus (North), Girne/Kyrenia Castle, built by the Byzantines on a Roman site, and extended by the Lusignans and then the Venetians, the castle has never been taken by force due to its massive defences. View of the interior with palm tree in the foreground.
Keywords: fortress, fort, fortified castle, crenellations, Girne

PMR501-10
Cyprus (North), Girne/Kyrenia Castle, built by the Byzantines on a Roman site, and extended by the Lusignans and then the Venetians, the castle has never been taken by force due to its massive defences. View of the interior, with the chapel of St. George just visible below the flag.
Keywords: fortress, fort, fortified castle, crenellations

PMR501-09
Cyprus (North), Girne/Kyrenia Castle, built by the Byzantines on a Roman site, and extended by the Lusignans and then the Venetians, the castle has never been taken by force due to its massive defences. Here: roof of the Byzantine chapel of St. George, squeezed between the Byzantine bastion and the newer Venetian bastion of the castle.
Keywords: fortress, crenellations, fortified castle, fort

PMR500-08
Cyprus (North), Lefkosa/ North Nicosia: Selimiye Mosque, formerly the Ayía Sofía Roman Catholic Cathedral, was built between 1209 and 1326, but never completed.
Keywords: Lefkosa, Muslim, Islam, minaret, Gothic architecture

PMR499-03
Turkey, Istanbul: Ataturk Bulvari passes through the Aqueduct of Valens, almost one kilometre long, and credited to the fourth-century Roman Emperor Valens.
Keywords: architecture, historic, flowing traffic, dual carriageway, traffic, Constantinople, Muslim, Byzantine, Islam, natural heritage, street scene

PMR496-05
Island of Crete, Aptera: recently uncovered Roman water cisterns.
Keywords: national heritage, excavations, historic, archeology, archeological

PMR536-12
Syria, Damascus: the popular Hamadiye Soukh ends in the propylon of a former Jupiter Temple from Roman times.
Keywords: architecture, ancient, historic, Muslim, Islam, picturesque, culture, capital city, historical, metropolis

PMR536-02
Syria, Palmyra: view of the Colonnaded Way and antique city from Qalaat ibn Maan Fortress. The former was built after the visit of the Emperor Hadrian in 129 AD.
Keywords: architecture, columns, Roman, natural heritage, archeology, archeological, historical, desert, ruined city, panorama, landscape

PMR536-01
Syria, Palmyra: one of the best preserved tower-graves dating from the end of the first century AD, in the Valley of the Graves.
Keywords: architecture, memorial, burial, national heritage, ruined city, desert, historical, archeological, archeology, Roman

PMR535-11
Syria, Palmyra: gate, through which sacrificial animals entered the courtyard of the Baal Temple which was consecrated in 32 AD.
Keywords: architecture, Roman, archeology, archeological, historical, desert, ruined city, national heritage, columns

PMR535-10
Syria, Palmyra: west facade and entrance portal to the Baal Temple which was consecrated in 32 AD.
Keywords: architecture, national heritage, ruined city, desert, historical, archeological, archeology, Roman

PMR535-09
Syria, Palmyra: end of the Colonnaded Way with Hadrian's Gate. The brackets on the columns originally supported statues. Built after the visit of the Emperor Hadrian in 129 AD.
Keywords: architecture, ruined city, desert, historical, archeological, archeology, natural heritage, picturesque, Roman, columns

PMR535-08
Syria, Palmyra: well-preserved stage of the Roman Theatre, dating from the second half of the second century AD.
Keywords: architecture, ruined city, desert, historical, archeological, archeology, natural heritage, picturesque, Roman, columns

PMR535-07
Syria, Palmyra: the monumental Tetrapylon (only one column is original granite) where the Colonnaded Way makes a change of direction of several degrees. Built after the visit of the Emperor Hadrian in 129 AD. Camel and rider in the foreground, and Qalaat ibn Maan fortress in the background.
Keywords: architecture, ruined city, desert, historical, archeological, archeology, natural heritage, picturesque, Roman, columns

PMR535-06
Syria, Palmyra: fragment of carved vaulting, with the Colonnaded Way and fortress Qalaat ibn Maan in the background. Built after the visit of the Emperor Hadrian in 129 AD.
Keywords: architecture, ruined city, desert, historical, archeological, archeology, natural heritage, picturesque, Roman, columns

PMR535-05
Syria, Palmyra: remains of the colonnade on the east side of the Agora, seen through a doorway. Built after the visit of the Emperor Hadrian in 129 AD.
Keywords: architecture, ruined city, desert, historical, archeological, archeology, natural heritage, picturesque, Roman, columns

PMR535-04
Syria, Palmyra: middle section of the Colonnaded Way, about 300 metres long, and culminating in Hadrian's Gate. Built after the visit of the Emperor Hadrian in 129 AD.
Keywords: architecture, ruined city, desert, historical, archeological, archeology, natural heritage, picturesque, Roman, columns

PMR535-02
Syria, Palmyra: view of the ruins and fortress from Hotel Zenobia, with gardens in the foreground.
Keywords: desert, Muslim, Islam , ruined city, Roman, picturesque, natural heritage, archeology, archeological, historical

PMR533-10
Iraq, Hatra: a great Arab city, founded in the 3rd century BC after the fall of the Assyrian empire in 612 BC and Babylon in 539 BC. The buildings combine elements of Hellenistic/Roman and Syrian architecture:
view from the roof of theTemple of the Sun, showing the wall of the temple compound and one of the western gates. The area beyond was the residential quarter (waiting to be excavated).
Keywords: architecture, Mesopotamia, ruined city, desert, historical, archeological, archeology, natural heritage, culture

PMR533-09
Iraq, Hatra: a great Arab city, founded in the 3rd century BC after the fall of the Assyrian empire in 612 BC and Babylon in 539 BC. The buildings combine elements of Hellenistic/Roman and Syrian architecture:
five, out of a row of eight, juxtaposed "evans". They are thought to be dedicated to: Marn, the sun god (largest); Marten, the moon goddess; and Bar Marin, the trinity of gods of Hatra.
Keywords: architecture, natural heritage, archeology, archeological, historical, desert, ruined city, Mesopotamia

PMR533-08
Iraq, Hatra: a great Arab city, founded in the 3rd century BC after the fall of the Assyrian empire in 612 BC and Babylon in 539 BC. The buildings combine elements of Hellenistic/Roman and Syrian architecture:
stone busts decorate the arches of the largest "evans".
Keywords: architecture, culture, artistic, stone carving, natural heritage, archeology, archeological, historical, desert, ruined city, Mesopotamia

PMR533-07
Iraq, Hatra: a great Arab city, founded in the 3rd century BC after the fall of the Assyrian empire in 612 BC and Babylon in 539 BC. The buildings combine elements of Hellenistic/Roman and Syrian architecture:
view from the temple courtyard, with loose stones for reintegration in the foreground.
Keywords: architecture, natural heritage, archeology, archeological, historical, desert, ruined city, Mesopotamia

PMR533-06
Iraq, Hatra: a great Arab city, founded in the 3rd century BC after the fall of the Assyrian empire in 612 BC and Babylon in 539 BC. The buildings combine elements of Hellenistic/Roman and Syrian architecture:
remains of one of the "evans" (arches) which was part of the Temple of the Goddess Allat.
Keywords: architecture, natural heritage, archeology, archeological, historical, desert, ruined city, Mesopotamia

PMR533-05
Iraq, Hatra: a great Arab city, founded in the 3rd century BC after the fall of the Assyrian empire in 612 BC and Babylon in 539 BC. The buildings combine elements of Hellenistic/Roman and Syrian architecture:
sculptures of camels adorned the most important gates.
Keywords: architecture, culture, artistic, stone carving, natural heritage, archeology, archeological, historical, desert, ruined city, Mesopotamia

PMR533-04
Iraq, Hatra: a great Arab city, founded in the 3rd century BC after the fall of the Assyrian empire in 612 BC and Babylon in 539 BC. The buildings combine elements of Hellenistic/Roman and Syrian architecture:
Temple of Marn and Northern Gate from the north-east.
Keywords: architecture, natural heritage, archeology, archeological, historical, desert, ruined city, Mesopotamia

PMR533-03
Iraq, Hatra: a great Arab city, founded in the 3rd century BC after the fall of the Assyrian empire in 612 BC and Babylon in 539 BC. The buildings combine elements of Hellenistic/Roman and Syrian architecture:
the Northern Gate flanks the Temple of Marn as does its pendant, the Southern Gate, both however facing east in common with all sacral buildings, as befits the worship of the sun.
Keywords: architecture, stone carving, picturesque, natural heritage, archeology, archeological, historical, desert, ruined city, Mesopotamia

PMR533-02
Iraq, Hatra: a great Arab city, founded in the 3rd century BC after the fall of the Assyrian empire in 612 BC and Babylon in 539 BC. The buildings combine elements of Hellenistic/Roman and Syrian architecture:
well-preserved Temple of Marn (the sun god), built after 80 AD, as were all the principal remaining buildings.
Keywords: architecture, classical, columns, natural heritage, archeology, archeological, historical, desert, ruined city, Mesopotamia

PMR522-02
Italy, Apulia, Lecce: Santo Oronzo, with half-excavated Roman amphitheatre and column bearing the figure of Santo Oronzo, the city's patron saint. The column is one of a pair which used to mark the end of the Via Appia in Brindisi.
Keywords: archeological, national heritage, historical, archeology, excavations, architecture, monument, statue

PMR522-01
Italy, Apulia, Lecce: Santo Oronzo, with half-excavated Roman amphitheatre and column bearing the figure of Santo Oronzo, the city's patron saint. The column is one of a pair which used to mark the end of the Via Appia in Brindisi.
Keywords: archeological, national heritage, historical, archeology, excavations, architecture, monument, statue

PMR518-09
Italy, Sicily, Siracusa: Roman amphitheatre from the 3rd century AD, well equipped for flooding to stage "sea battles", or wild animal fights.
Keywords: archeological, Sicilia, excavations, archeology, historical, national heritage

PMR518-05
Italy, Sicily, Piazza Armerina, Villa Romana del Casale: detail of a floor mosaic showing the capture of wild animals for Roman arenas (3rd century AD).
Keywords: Sicilia, national heritage, historic

PMR517-05
Italy, Sicily, Catania: the elephant fountain, symbol of Catania, stands in the Piazza Duomo. The obelisk was brought from Egypt by the Romans; the elephant was carved from volcanic lava in Byzantine times. The city has been buried under lava from Etna seven times in recorded history.
Keywords: picturesque, Sicilia, historic, volcanic

PMR516-12
Italy, Campania, Paestum (originally " Poseidonia"): "Temple of Ceres" (more likely: Athena) built by the Greeks at the end of the 6th century BC, is surrounded by 34 Doric columns. The first Greek temple to combine a Doric exterior with Ionic interior elements. In the foreground is part of the Via Sacra.
Keywords: landscape, Doric style, architecture, picturesque, Graeco-Roman

PMR516-11
Italy, Campania, Paestum (originally " Poseidonia"): "Temple of Ceres" (more likely: Athena) built by the Greeks at the end of the 6th century BC, is surrounded by 34 Doric columns. The first Greek temple to combine a Doric exterior with Ionic interior elements.
Keywords: landscape, Doric style, architecture, picturesque, Graeco-Roman

PMR516-10
Italy, Campania, Paestum (originally " Poseidonia"): "Temple of Ceres" (more likely: Athena) built by the Greeks at the end of the 6th century BC, is surrounded by 34 Doric columns. The first Greek temple to combine a Doric exterior with Ionic interior elements.
Keywords: landscape, Doric style, architecture, picturesque, Graeco-Roman

PMR516-09
Italy, Campania, Paestum (originally " Poseidonia"): "Temple of Ceres" (more likely: Athena) built by the Greeks at the end of the 6th century BC, is surrounded by 34 Doric columns. The first Greek temple to combine a Doric exterior with Ionic interior elements.
Keywords: landscape, Doric style, architecture, picturesque, Graeco-Roman

PMR516-06
Italy, Campania, Naples: a street in the old Spacca Quarter. The "Spacca-Napoli" has divided Naples since Roman times.
Keywords: architecture, street scene, historic, mediaeval, metropolis, Napoli

PMR516-05
Italy, Campania, Flegrean Fields (Campi Flegri): Arco Felice, a Roman viaduct, spans a deep cutting, excavated by the Romans for the Via Domitiana.
Keywords: archeology, bridge-building, road-building, architecture, archeological

PMR143K-10
England, Somerset, Wells: the cathedral, building of which began in 1175 and continued after its consecration in 1239. It has retained a large part of its Early English architecture in addition to the later Gothic. The first church was built here in 705, but the adjacent mineral "wells" were in use in Roman times.

Closer view of the central west front, which has the largest collection of carved figures in Europe. Begun in 1230, these were at first painted in bright colours.
Keywords: architecture, Gothic, heritage, mediaeval, Early English, mineral wells, spring water

PMR143K-09
England, Somerset, Wells: the cathedral, building of which began in 1175 and continued after its consecration in 1239. It has retained a large part of its Early English architecture in addition to the later Gothic. The first church was built here in 705, but the adjacent mineral "wells" were in use in Roman times.

The west front, which has the largest collection of carved figures in Europe. Begun in 1230, these were at first painted in bright colours.
Keywords: architecture, spring water, mineral wells, Early English, mediaeval, heritage, Gothic

PMR143K-08
England, Somerset, Wells: the cathedral, building of which began in 1175 and continued after its consecration in 1239. It has retained a large part of its Early English architecture in addition to the later Gothic. The first church was built here in 705, but the adjacent mineral "wells" were in use in Roman times.

View from the south-east.
Keywords: architecture, spring water, mineral wells, Early English, mediaeval, heritage, Gothic

PMR141K-08
Greece, Island of Kos: columned atrium of the Casa Rommana, a restored Roman Villa dating from the 2nd or 3rd century AD.
Keywords: Greek Isles, island hopping, Hellas, Helenic, Dodecanese, Ionian Islands, picturesque, colourful, yachts, Greek Orthodox Church

PMR140K-14
Greece, Island of Kos: ancient wagon tracks on the Roman road, with the ruins of the Thermae (baths) on the left.
Keywords: Greek Isles, archeology, Greek Orthodox Church, yachts, colourful, picturesque, Ionian Islands, Dodecanese, Helenic, Hellas, island hopping

PMR140K-13
Greece, Island of Kos: re-erected columns which formerly lined the Roman Gymnasium on two sides, a part of the extensive Roman city.
Keywords: Greek Isles, archeology, island hopping, Hellas, Helenic, Dodecanese, Ionian Islands, picturesque, colourful, yachts, Greek Orthodox Church

PMR140K-11
Greece, Island of Kos: one of a number of archeological sites with remains of Graeco-Roman buildings.
Keywords: Greek Isles, Greek Orthodox Church, yachts, colourful, picturesque, Ionian Islands, Dodecanese, Helenic, Hellas, island hopping

PMR126K-25
Germany, Brandenburg, Potsdam: ornamental pool near the Roman Baths in Sans Souci Park.
Keywords: East Germany, metropolis, national heritage, historic, architecture, picturesque

PMR126K-24
Germany, Brandenburg, Potsdam: island retreat in the River Schafgraben, Sans Souci Park, with Roman figure on a column.
Keywords: East Germany, metropolis, national heritage, historic, architecture, picturesque

PMR126K-23
Germany, Brandenburg, Potsdam: part of the Roman Baths complex in Sans Souci Park, in the shape of an Italian mansion, reflected in its lake.
Keywords: East Germany, metropolis, national heritage, historic, architecture, picturesque

PMR118K-32
Jordan: Amman, built on the site of the Roman city of Philadelphia, was originally the Ammonite city of "Rabbath-Ammon" in the 13th century BC. The Roman Temple of Hercules (2nd century AD) on the Citadel (Jebel Al Qala'a).
Keywords: Muslim, archeological excavations, ruins, Islam, Islamic, capital city, metropolis, architecture, Roman architecture, Philadelphia

PMR118K-31
Jordan: Amman, built on the site of the Roman city of Philadelphia, was originally the Ammonite city of "Rabbath-Ammon" in the 13th century BC. Modern sculptures and a classical column on the Citadel, with the modern city behind.
Keywords: Muslim, archeological excavations, ruins, Islam, Islamic, capital city, metropolis, architecture, Roman architecture, Philadelphia

PMR118K-30
Jordan: Amman, built on the site of the Roman city of Philadelphia, was originally the Ammonite city of "Rabbath-Ammon" in the 13th century BC. Shops and the sprawl of the modern city of 2.5 million inhabitants, seen from the Citadel.
Keywords: Muslim, archeological excavations, ruins, Islam, Islamic, capital city, metropolis, architecture, Roman architecture, Philadelphia

PMR118K-29
Jordan: Amman, built on the site of the Roman city of Philadelphia. A huge Jordanian flag, seen from the Citadel. Amman was the Ammonite city of "Rabbath-Ammon" in the 13th century BC.
Keywords: Muslim, archeological excavations, ruins, Islam, Islamic, capital city, metropolis, architecture, Roman architecture, Philadelphia

PMR118K-28
Jordan: Amman, built on the site of the Roman city of Philadelphia. The Umayyad Palace, built on the Citadel Hill about 720 AD, showing the domed Audience Hall. Amman was the Ammonite city of "Rabbath-Ammon" in the 13th century BC.
Keywords: Muslim, Philadelphia, Roman architecture, architecture, metropolis, capital city, Islamic, Islam, ruins, archeological excavations

PMR118K-27
Jordan: Amman, built on the site of the Roman city of Philadelphia. The scant remains of the Temple of Hercules (2nd century AD) on the Citadel (Jebel Al Qala'a). Amman was the Ammonite city of "Rabbath-Ammon" in the 13th century BC.
Keywords: Muslim, Philadelphia, Roman architecture, architecture, metropolis, capital city, Islamic, Islam, ruins, archeological excavations

PMR118K-26
Jordan: Amman, built on the site of the Roman city of Philadelphia. View of the Roman Theatre and Hashemite Square (due for redevelopment), from the Citadel. Amman was the Ammonite city of "Rabbath-Ammon" in the 13th century BC.
Keywords: Muslim, Philadelphia, Roman architecture, architecture, metropolis, capital city, Islamic, Islam, ruins, archeological excavations

PMR118K-25
Jordan: Amman, built on the site of the Roman city of Philadelphia. The restored Roman Theatre, built about 150 AD, seats 6000 spectators. View from the Citadel. Amman was the Ammonite city of "Rabbath-Ammon" in the 13th century BC.
Keywords: Muslim, Philadelphia, Roman architecture, architecture, metropolis, capital city, Islamic, Islam, ruins, archeological excavations

PMR118K-24
Jordan: Umm Qais, in the north of the country, dates back to the 7th century BC, and was formerly called "Gadara" (cf. the "Gadarene Swine" of the Bible). House doorway in the derelict Ottoman village, with Hercules' club carved into the basalt lintel.
Keywords: Roman architecture, archeological site, national heritage, classical architecture, archeology, excavations, ruined city, Gadara

PMR118K-23
Jordan: Umm Qais, in the north of the country, dates back to the 7th century BC, and was formerly called "Gadara" (cf. the "Gadarene Swine" of the Bible). Courtyard in Beit Russan, a former Ottoman residence, now a museum with a fine sarcophagus on display.
Keywords: Roman architecture, Gadara, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, archeological site

PMR118K-22
Jordan: Umm Qais, in the north of the country, dates back to the 7th century BC, and was formerly called "Gadara" (cf. the "Gadarene Swine" of the Bible). Masses of yellow daisies, with the Yarmouk Valley and southern Golan Heights behind.
Keywords: Roman architecture, archeological site, national heritage, classical architecture, archeology, excavations, ruined city, Gadara

PMR118K-21
Jordan: Umm Qais, in the north of the country, dates back to the 7th century BC, and was formerly called "Gadara" (cf. the "Gadarene Swine" of the Bible). Carpet of flowers, with ruined Nymphaeum (2nd century AD), and Lake Tiberius in the distance.
Keywords: Roman architecture, archeological site, national heritage, classical architecture, archeology, excavations, ruined city, Gadara

PMR118K-20
Jordan: Umm Qais, in the north of the country, dates back to the 7th century BC, and was formerly called "Gadara" (cf. the "Gadarene Swine" of the Bible). The black basalt Theatre, built in the 2nd century AD, commands a spectacular view of the countryside.
Keywords: Roman architecture, archeological site, national heritage, classical architecture, archeology, excavations, ruined city, Gadara

PMR118K-19
Jordan: Umm Qais, in the north of the country, dates back to the 7th century BC, and was formerly called "Gadara" (cf. the "Gadarene Swine" of the Bible). Colonnaded courtyard on the terrace, with basalt, marble and limestone Corinthian columns.
Keywords: Roman architecture, Gadara, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, archeological site

PMR118K-18
Jordan: Umm Qais, in the north of the country, dates back to the 7th century BC, and was formerly called "Gadara" (cf. the "Gadarene Swine" of the Bible). Paved street with a row of 2nd-century stone shops under the Basilica Terrace.
Keywords: Roman architecture, archeological site, national heritage, classical architecture, archeology, excavations, ruined city, Gadara

PMR118K-17
Jordan: Umm Qais, in the north of the country, dates back to the 7th century BC, and was formerly called "Gadara" (cf. the "Gadarene Swine" of the Bible). View of the Yarmouk Valley and southern Golan Heights on the Israeli side.
Keywords: Roman architecture, archeological site, national heritage, classical architecture, archeology, excavations, ruined city, Gadara

PMR118K-16
Jordan: Umm Qais, in the north of the country, dates back to the 7th century BC, and was formerly called "Gadara" (cf. the "Gadarene Swine" of the Bible). Palestinian exiles can view their homeland in Israel from this raised lookout platform.
Keywords: Roman architecture, archeological site, national heritage, classical architecture, archeology, excavations, ruined city, Gadara

PMR118K-15
Jordan: Umm Qais, in the north of the country, dates back to the 7th century BC, and was formerly called "Gadara" (cf. the "Gadarene Swine" of the Bible). The Decumanus Maximus paving has survived the centuries, but the buildings are in need of restoration.
Keywords: Roman architecture, archeological site, national heritage, classical architecture, archeology, excavations, ruined city, Gadara

PMR118K-14
Jordan: Umm Qais, in the north of the country, dates back to the 7th century BC, and was formerly called "Gadara" (cf. the "Gadarene Swine" of the Bible). A group of Jordanian archeology students, all equipped with digital cameras and mobile phones.
Keywords: Roman architecture, pretty girls, girl students, archeological site, Gilead Hills, Gerasa, national heritage, classical architecture, archeology, excavations, ruined city

PMR118K-12
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: South Theatre with reconstructed stage, was built between 90-92 AD, and seats 3000+ spectators.
Keywords: Roman architecture, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, Gerasa, Gilead Hills, archeological site

PMR118K-11
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: Bedouin musicians with drums and bagpipes demonstrate the acoustics of the South Theatre.
Keywords: Roman architecture, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, Gerasa, Gilead Hills, archeological site

PMR118K-10
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: The spacious Oval Plaza, 90 x 80 metres, is surrounded by a colonnade of 1st -century Ionic columns.
Keywords: Roman architecture, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, Gerasa, Gilead Hills, archeological site

PMR118K-09
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: South Decumanus runs east to a 73-metre bridge, beyond which it is buried under the modern city.
Keywords: Roman architecture, archeological site, Gilead Hills, Gerasa, national heritage, classical architecture, archeology, excavations, ruined city

PMR118K-08
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: A remarkable, reconstructed, water-powered saw for cutting stone, originally built in the 6th century AD.
Keywords: Roman architecture, mechanised tools, archeological site, Gilead Hills, Gerasa, national heritage, classical architecture, archeology, excavations, ruined city

PMR118K-07
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: North Theatre, with the North Tetrapylon, Cardo Maximus, and modern city of Jerash in the background.
Keywords: Roman architecture, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, Gerasa, Gilead Hills, archeological site

PMR118K-05
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: The North Gate, built in 115 AD, marks the end of the city and start of the road to Pella.
Keywords: Roman architecture, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, Gerasa, Gilead Hills, archeological site

PMR118K-04
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: North Gate and Cardo Maximus with Ionic columns, from within the North Tetrapylon.
Keywords: Roman architecture, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, Gerasa, Gilead Hills, archeological site

PMR118K-03
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: Beautifully carved fallen architrave - waiting for possible re-erection?
Keywords: Roman architecture, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, Gerasa, Gilead Hills, archeological site

PMR118K-02
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: Row of Corinthian columns with wild Hollyhock (Alcea pallida) in the foreground.
Keywords: Roman architecture, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, Gerasa, Gilead Hills, archeological site

PMR118K-01
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: Roman legionnaires of the VI Legion lined up after performing in the Hippodrome, which originally seated 15,000 people and was built in the 2nd century AD.
Keywords: Roman architecture, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, Gerasa, Gilead Hills, archeological site

PMR117K-36
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: Final line-up of the participants in the spectacle in the Hippodrome, which originally seated 15,000 people, and was built in the 2nd century AD.
Keywords: Roman architecture, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, Gerasa, Gilead Hills, archeological site

PMR117K-35
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: Closer view of a chariot in the straight during a race in the Hippodrome, which originally seated 15,000 people, and was built in the 2nd century AD.
Keywords: Roman architecture, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, Gerasa, Gilead Hills, archeological site

PMR117K-34
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: Three chariots thundering down the straight during a race in the Hippodrome, which originally seated 15,000 people, and was built in the 2nd century AD.
Keywords: Roman architecture, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, Gerasa, Gilead Hills, archeological site

PMR117K-33
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: Three chariots taking the corner during a race in the Hippodrome, which originally seated 15,000 people, and was built in the 2nd century AD.
Keywords: Roman architecture, archeological site, Gilead Hills, Gerasa, national heritage, classical architecture, archeology, excavations, ruined city

PMR117K-32
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: The culmination of a simulated gladiatorial combat in the Hippodrome, built in the 2nd century AD.
Keywords: Roman architecture, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, Gerasa, Gilead Hills, archeological site

PMR117K-31
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: A group of Roman legionnaires demonstrating the defensive "box" formation created with their shields in the Hippodrome, built in the 2nd century AD.
Keywords: Roman architecture, archeological site, Gilead Hills, Gerasa, national heritage, classical architecture, archeology, excavations, ruined city

PMR117K-30
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: A group of legionnaires of the VI Legion demonstrating drill procedures in the Hippodrome, built in the 2nd century AD.
Keywords: Roman architecture, archeological site, Gilead Hills, Gerasa, national heritage, classical architecture, archeology, excavations, ruined city

PMR117K-29
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: Part of the Tetrapylon which marked the crossing of the Cardo Maximus and the South Decumanus.
Keywords: Roman architecture, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, Gerasa, Gilead Hills, archeological site

PMR117K-28
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: The octagonal Macellum (food market), built in 130 AD, surrounded by columns, with a fountain in the centre.
Keywords: Roman architecture, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, Gerasa, Gilead Hills, archeological site

PMR117K-26
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: The 800-metre-long Cardo Maximus still bears the tracks of ancient wagons near the Macellum entrance.
Keywords: Roman architecture, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, Gerasa, Gilead Hills, archeological site

PMR117K-25
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: The Cardo Maximus, the main columned way, had pedestrian sidewalks and underground sewers.
Keywords: Roman architecture, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, Gerasa, Gilead Hills, archeological site

PMR117K-24
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: Temple of Zeus, built in 162 AD on the site of earlier religious buildings, dominates the Oval Plaza.
Keywords: Roman architecture, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, Gerasa, Gilead Hills, archeological site

PMR117K-23
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: The South Gate of the city, built about 130 AD, whose columns are decorated with acanthus leaves.
Keywords: Roman architecture, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, Gerasa, Gilead Hills, archeological site

PMR117K-22
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: An authentic-looking legionnaire of the Roman VI Legion.
Keywords: Roman architecture, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, Gerasa, Gilead Hills, archeological site

PMR117K-21
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: The Triumphal Arch, erected to mark the visit of Emperor Hadrian in 129 AD, is under constant restoration.
Keywords: Roman architecture, archeological site, Gilead Hills, Gerasa, national heritage, classical architecture, archeology, excavations, ruined city

PMR115K-36
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: A line of columns marks the upper temenos of the Great Temple of the Nabataians, which was in use until Byzantine times.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR115K-35
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: Part of a column capital which combines a number of motifs, from the Great Temple of the Nabataians.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR115K-34
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: Unique elephant-head column capital, still to be seen in the Nabataian Great Temple from the 1st century BC.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR115K-33
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: A camel-rider on the colonnaded way, with the Royal Tombs in the distant background.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR115K-32
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: Roman colonnaded street (ca. 106 AD) marks the centre of the Nabataian city (contemporaneous with Jerash).
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR115K-31
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: A vivid sandstone outcrop, weathered into a fantasy-inspiring shape.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR115K-29
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: The sun breaks into the "Siq" as the visitors start to arrive.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR115K-28
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: The sheer, 200-metre-high walls of the "Siq" are only 2 metres apart at this point.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR115K-27
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: Closer view of some of the Bedouin horse riders.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR115K-26
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: Bedouin horse riders, with impressive, bare, sandstone mountains as backdrop.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR115K-25
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: Horse rides are offered from the entrance as far as the start of the "Siq" (Gorge).
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR115K-24
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: The "Roman Soldier's" Tomb from the High Place of Sacrifice, with the Garden Triclinium (Feasting Hall) in front.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR115K-23
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: Heavily eroded and exposed row of tombs opposite the Theatre, with an adventurous donkey an top.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR115K-22
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: Dramatic colour banding around and within a rock tomb.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR115K-21
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: The damaged "Corinthian" Tomb, one of the Royal Tombs, manifests Nabataian and Hellenic features.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR115K-20
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: The "Urn" Tomb, one of the Royal Tombs, from ca. 70 AD, used as a cathedral by the Christians in 447 AD;
below are later Byzantine vaults.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR115K-18
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: An eroded cliff, revealing the coloured strata of the sandstone.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR115K-17
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: A larger rock tomb with dramatic bands of colour in the sandstone ceiling.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR115K-15
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: A small rock tomb on the terrace, exposed by heavy weathering.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR115K-14
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: Bands of colour in the weathered sandstone terrace.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR115K-13
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: Rock tombs under the terrace, at the back of which is a row of Royal Tombs.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR115K-12
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: View of Wadi Musa to the east, from the Royal Tombs, with "candy-striped" rocks in the foreground.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR115K-11
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: View of Wadi Musa to the west, where it opens out, from the terrace in front of the Royal Tombs.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR115K-10
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: The frontages of some of the rock tombs have almost been weathered away, leaving slender sandstone columns.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR115K-09
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: The theatre, built by the Nabataians in the 1st century AD, later enlarged by the Romans soon after their arrival in 106 AD, slicing through a number of tombs at the rear.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR115K-08
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: Closer view of the decoration on the rock tombs in the "Street of Facades".
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR115K-07
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: The full extent of the rock tombs in the "Street of Facades", with a tethered donkey in the foreground.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR115K-06
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: Rock tombs in the "Street of Facades", seen through the "window" of a tomb opposite.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR115K-05
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: Stone steps up to the "Sacred Hall", carved out of the rock, while the "Siq" continues to the left.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR115K-04
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture:The whole facade of Al-Khazneh (the Treasury);
two Winged Victories apppear between the columns of the upper storey.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR115K-03
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: Lower storey of Al-Khazneh (the Treasury) displays 6 columns with floral capitals; the forecourt filling with visitors.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR115K-02
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: The whole facade of Al-Khazneh (the Treasury), 43 metres high; the figures at ground level may represent the sons of Zeus.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR115K-01
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: Upper storey of Al-Khazneh (the Treasury); the central figure may be "Isis" or the Nabataian goddess "Al 'Uzza".
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR114K-36
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: the Hellenistic facade of the "Treasury" (Al-Khazneh) chiselled out of the rock in the 1st century BC.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR114K-35
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: fantastically weathered forms of sandstone, where some of the original paving survives.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR114K-34
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: a Nabataian tomb in the middle of the "Siq", where it widens, allowing the sun to reach in.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR114K-33
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: the "Siq" in the early morning, before the sun (or crowds) have reached it.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR114K-32
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: the "Siq" narrows to a few metres width; on the left, the Nabataian water conduits in the wall.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR114K-31
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: entrance to the "Siq" (canyon), with metalworker's stand in the foreground.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR114K-18
Cyprus, Kourion (Curium): the Roman city was destroyed in an earthquake in 365 AD. Roman mosaic of gladiatorial combat in the "House of the Gladiators".
Keywords: ruins, architecture, Byzantine, historical, Kurium, Kourion, Curium, Roman remains, archeological excavations

PMR114K-17
Cyprus, Kourion (Curium): the Roman city was destroyed in an earthquake in 365 AD. Roman mosaic of gladiatorial combat in the "House of the Gladiators".
Keywords: ruins, archeological excavations, Roman remains, Curium, Kourion, Kurium, historical, Byzantine, architecture

PMR114K-16
Cyprus, Kourion (Curium): the Roman city was destroyed in an earthquake in 365 AD. Exposed underfloor heating system (hypocaust) of the Roman Baths.
Keywords: ruins, archeological excavations, Roman remains, Curium, Kourion, Kurium, historical, Byzantine, architecture

PMR114K-15
Cyprus, Kourion (Curium): the Roman city was destroyed in an earthquake in 365 AD. Part of the Baptistry, adjacent to the Basilica, probably of a slightly later date (5th century AD).
Keywords: ruins, archeological excavations, Curium, Kourion, Kurium, historical, Byzantine, architecture

PMR114K-14
Cyprus, Kourion (Curium): the Roman city was destroyed in an earthquake in 365 AD. Part of the 5th century Episcopal Basilica (Byzantine) in the western part of the site.
Keywords: ruins, archeological excavations, Curium, Kourion, Kurium, historical, Byzantine, architecture

PMR114K-13
Cyprus, Kourion (Curium): the Roman city was destroyed in an earthquake in 365 AD. Mosaic of Ktisis, the Spirit of Creation, holding a rule, in the House of Eustolios.
Keywords: ruins, architecture, Byzantine, historical, Kurium, Kourion, Curium, Roman remains, archeological excavations

PMR114K-12
Cyprus, Kourion (Curium): the Roman city was destroyed in an earthquake in 365 AD. wide-span roofing protects the House of Eustolios, a 4th century Roman Villa.
Keywords: ruins, archeological excavations, Roman remains, Curium, Kourion, Kurium, historical, Byzantine, architecture

PMR114K-11
Cyprus, Kourion (Curium): the Roman city was destroyed in an earthquake in 365 AD. The 2nd century AD Roman Theatre.
Keywords: ruins, archeological excavations, Roman remains, Curium, Kourion, Kurium, historical, Byzantine, architecture

PMR095K-09
Libya: a ruined Roman fort standing on a hill at Gariyat. The main gate of the fort and the square. Most of the remaining walls are Byzantine or later.
Keywords: Roman architecture, Byzantine architecture, Maghreb, fortress, fortifications, castle, desert, barren, isolated

PMR095K-07
Libya: a ruined Roman fort standing on a hill at Gariyat. A mud-walled oven in the courtyard.
Keywords: Roman architecture, castle, fortifications, fortress, Maghreb, Byzantine architecture

PMR095K-06
Libya: a ruined Roman fort standing on a hill at Gariyat. View of the plain through the breached Byzantine wall.
Keywords: Roman architecture, castle, fortifications, fortress, Maghreb, Byzantine architecture

PMR095K-05
Libya: a ruined Roman fort standing on a hill at Gariyat. View of the plains and the dried-out water course from the fort.
Keywords: Roman architecture, barren, desert, castle, fortifications, fortress, Maghreb, Byzantine architecture

PMR095K-03
Libya: Ghadames, a Tuareg town, population about 7000, lies approximately 500 miles south-west of Tripoli. It dates back probably to about 3000 BC, thriving in Roman, Byzantine and Arab times. The houses in the old town are all of baked mud, and many of the alleys are enclosed with vaulting as protection from the sun. A UNESCO World Heritage Site. Here: a stallholder with a large pile of melons in the modern vegetable market.
Keywords: Maghreb, ancient town, historic town, Berber

PMR095K-02
Libya: Ghadames, a Tuareg town, population about 7000, lies approximately 500 miles south-west of Tripoli. It dates back probably to about 3000 BC, thriving in Roman, Byzantine and Arab times. The houses in the old town are all of baked mud, and many of the alleys are enclosed with vaulting as protection from the sun. A UNESCO World Heritage Site. Here: a stallholder with a large pile of melons in the modern vegetable market.
Keywords: Maghreb, ancient town, historic town, Berber

PMR095K-01
Libya: Ghadames, a Tuareg town, population about 7000, lies approximately 500 miles south-west of Tripoli. It dates back probably to about 3000 BC, thriving in Roman, Byzantine and Arab times. The houses in the old town are all of baked mud, and many of the alleys are enclosed with vaulting as protection from the sun. A UNESCO World Heritage Site. Here: a Tuareg in typical dress, in the modern food market.
Keywords: Maghreb, Berber, historic town, ancient town

PMR094K-36
Libya: Ghadames, a Tuareg town, population about 7000, lies approximately 500 miles south-west of Tripoli. It dates back probably to about 3000 BC, thriving in Roman, Byzantine and Arab times. The houses in the old town are all of baked mud, and many of the alleys are enclosed with vaulting as protection from the sun. A UNESCO World Heritage Site. Here: the gardens, enclosed with high mud walls, contain many date palms.
Keywords: Maghreb, Berber, historic town, ancient town

PMR094K-35
Libya: Ghadames, a Tuareg town, population about 7000, lies approximately 500 miles south-west of Tripoli. It dates back probably to about 3000 BC, thriving in Roman, Byzantine and Arab times. The houses in the old town are all of baked mud, and many of the alleys are enclosed with vaulting as protection from the sun. A UNESCO World Heritage Site. Here: a typical square, unpaved, with shops displaying locally made souvenirs.
Keywords: Maghreb, Berber, historic town, ancient town

PMR094K-31
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Sabratha, founded about 500 BC as a Phoenician trading post, later being Romanised after Carthage fell to the Romans in the Third Punic War in 146 BC. It reached its peak under the Emperor Septimius Severus in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, but was severely damaged in an earthquake in 365 AD. After the Arab conquest it lost all importance to Leptis Magna. Here: view of the theatre, with stage, orchestra pit, and seating (the first three rows reserved for VIPs).
Keywords: Roman architecture, Punic architecture, Maghreb, archeology, archeological excavations

PMR094K-30
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Sabratha, founded about 500 BC as a Phoenician trading post, later being Romanised after Carthage fell to the Romans in the Third Punic War in 146 BC. It reached its peak under the Emperor Septimius Severus in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, but was severely damaged in an earthquake in 365 AD. After the Arab conquest it lost all importance to Leptis Magna. Here: oblique view of the three tiers of Corinthian columns providing a backing for the theatre stage.
Keywords: Roman architecture, Punic architecture, Maghreb, archeology, archeological excavations

PMR094K-29
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Sabratha, founded about 500 BC as a Phoenician trading post, later being Romanised after Carthage fell to the Romans in the Third Punic War in 146 BC. It reached its peak under the Emperor Septimius Severus in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, but was severely damaged in an earthquake in 365 AD. After the Arab conquest it lost all importance to Leptis Magna. Here: the large stone dolphin at the right of the stage, with carvings of The Three Graces, and The Judgement of Paris.
Keywords: Roman architecture, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR094K-28
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Sabratha, founded about 500 BC as a Phoenician trading post, later being Romanised after Carthage fell to the Romans in the Third Punic War in 146 BC. It reached its peak under the Emperor Septimius Severus in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, but was severely damaged in an earthquake in 365 AD. After the Arab conquest it lost all importance to Leptis Magna. Here: the central concave niche of the theatre-stage, showing personifications of Rome and Sabratha as well as military figure.
Keywords: Roman architecture, Punic architecture, Maghreb, archeology, archeological excavations

PMR094K-27
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Sabratha, founded about 500 BC as a Phoenician trading post, later being Romanised after Carthage fell to the Romans in the Third Punic War in 146 BC. It reached its peak under the Emperor Septimius Severus in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, but was severely damaged in an earthquake in 365 AD. After the Arab conquest it lost all importance to Leptis Magna. Here: view of the restored theatre (second century AD) from the north, the largest theatre in Africa.
Keywords: Roman architecture, Punic architecture, Maghreb, archeology, archeological excavations

PMR094K-26
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Sabratha, founded about 500 BC as a Phoenician trading post, later being Romanised after Carthage fell to the Romans in the Third Punic War in 146 BC. It reached its peak under the Emperor Septimius Severus in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, but was severely damaged in an earthquake in 365 AD. After the Arab conquest it lost all importance to Leptis Magna. Here: view of the restored theatre (second century AD) from the north, the largest theatre in Africa.
Keywords: Roman architecture, Punic architecture, Maghreb, archeology, archeological excavations

PMR094K-25
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Sabratha, founded about 500 BC as a Phoenician trading post, later being Romanised after Carthage fell to the Romans in the Third Punic War in 146 BC. It reached its peak under the Emperor Septimius Severus in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, but was severely damaged in an earthquake in 365 AD. After the Arab conquest it lost all importance to Leptis Magna. Here: beautifully carved headless torso of a female figure.
Keywords: Roman architecture, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR094K-24
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Sabratha, founded about 500 BC as a Phoenician trading post, later being Romanised after Carthage fell to the Romans in the Third Punic War in 146 BC. It reached its peak under the Emperor Septimius Severus in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, but was severely damaged in an earthquake in 365 AD. After the Arab conquest it lost all importance to Leptis Magna. Here: the Curia (Senate House), with wide steps for the chairs of the magistrates.
Keywords: Roman architecture, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR094K-23
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Sabratha, founded about 500 BC as a Phoenician trading post, later being Romanised after Carthage fell to the Romans in the Third Punic War in 146 BC. It reached its peak under the Emperor Septimius Severus in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, but was severely damaged in an earthquake in 365 AD. After the Arab conquest it lost all importance to Leptis Magna. Here: beautifully carved (and preserved) Acanthus leaves on a doorway surround.
Keywords: Roman architecture, Punic architecture, Maghreb, archeology, archeological excavations

PMR094K-22
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Sabratha, founded about 500 BC as a Phoenician trading post, later being Romanised after Carthage fell to the Romans in the Third Punic War in 146 BC. It reached its peak under the Emperor Septimius Severus in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, but was severely damaged in an earthquake in 365 AD. After the Arab conquest it lost all importance to Leptis Magna. Here: an early Christian gravestone for "Marcella".
Keywords: Roman architecture, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR094K-21
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Sabratha, founded about 500 BC as a Phoenician trading post, later being Romanised after Carthage fell to the Romans in the Third Punic War in 146 BC. It reached its peak under the Emperor Septimius Severus in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, but was severely damaged in an earthquake in 365 AD. After the Arab conquest it lost all importance to Leptis Magna. General view of the Roman city, showing its fine location next to the sea.
Keywords: Roman architecture, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR094K-20
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Sabratha, founded about 500 BC as a Phoenician trading post, later being Romanised after Carthage fell to the Romans in the Third Punic War in 146 BC. It reached its peak under the Emperor Septimius Severus in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, but was severely damaged in an earthquake in 365 AD. After the Arab conquest it lost all importance to Leptis Magna. A UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1982.
Here: the 24-metre-tall reconstructed Mausoleum of Bes, a rare example of Punic (pre Roman) architecture. It stands on the site of an underground funerary chamber dating from the 2nd century BC.
Keywords: Roman architecture, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR094K-19
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Sabratha, founded about 500 BC as a Phoenician trading post, later being Romanised after Carthage fell to the Romans in the Third Punic War in 146 BC. It reached its peak under the Emperor Septimius Severus in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, but was severely damaged in an earthquake in 365 AD. After the Arab conquest it lost all importance to Leptis Magna. A UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1982.
Here: the 24-metre-tall reconstructed Mausoleum of Bes, a rare example of Punic (pre Roman) architecture, showing the convex, triangular form, and the protecting lions.
Keywords: Roman architecture, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR094K-18
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Sabratha, founded about 500 BC as a Phoenician trading post, later being Romanised after Carthage fell to the Romans in the Third Punic War in 146 BC. It reached its peak under the Emperor Septimius Severus in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, but was severely damaged in an earthquake in 365 AD. After the Arab conquest it lost all importance to Leptis Magna. A UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1982.
Here: the 24-metre-tall reconstructed Mausoleum of Bes, a rare example of Punic (pre Roman) architecture. It stands on the site of an underground funerary chamber dating from the 2nd century BC.
Keywords: Roman architecture, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR092K-11
Macedonia, Bitola: the ruins of Heraclea Lyncestis, a Greek town probably founded by Philip II of Macedon in the 4th century BC as Lynkestis. During the Roman period it was an important town on the Via Egnatia. In the Byzantine period the town was an important episcopal centre, but was sacked by Ostrogoth/Visigoth forces led by Theodoric the Great in 472 and 479 AD. In the 6th century AD it fell to the Slavs after successive attacks. Here: the Roman amphitheatre, built by the Emperor Hadrian on a hill in the middle of the town, now restored with 20 rows of Prilep marble seats.
Keywords: Byzantine, mosaics, archeological excavations, Byzantine ruins, Roman ruins, Greek ruins, Christian, historic, national heritage, Yugoslavia

PMR092K-10
Macedonia, Bitola: the ruins of Heraclea Lyncestis, a Greek town probably founded by Philip II of Macedon in the 4th century BC as Lynkestis. During the Roman period it was an important town on the Via Egnatia. In the Byzantine period the town was an important episcopal centre, but was sacked by Ostrogoth/Visigoth forces led by Theodoric the Great in 472 and 479 AD. In the 6th century AD it fell to the Slavs after successive attacks. Here: the three panels with fish motifs on the front of the town fountain.
Keywords: Byzantine, Yugoslavia, national heritage, historic, Christian, Greek ruins, Roman ruins, Byzantine ruins, archeological excavations, mosaics

PMR092K-09
Macedonia, Bitola: the ruins of Heraclea Lyncestis, a Greek town probably founded by Philip II of Macedon in the 4th century BC as Lynkestis. During the Roman period it was an important town on the Via Egnatia. In the Byzantine period the town was an important episcopal centre, but was sacked by Ostrogoth/Visigoth forces led by Theodoric the Great in 472 and 479 AD. In the 6th century AD it fell to the Slavs after successive attacks. Here: an almost complete mosaic of a red deer surrounded by plaited-work.
Keywords: Byzantine, Yugoslavia, national heritage, historic, Christian, Greek ruins, Roman ruins, Byzantine ruins, archeological excavations, mosaics

PMR092K-08
Macedonia, Bitola: the ruins of Heraclea Lyncestis, a Greek town probably founded by Philip II of Macedon in the 4th century BC as Lynkestis. During the Roman period it was an important town on the Via Egnatia. In the Byzantine period the town was an important episcopal centre, but was sacked by Ostrogoth/Visigoth forces led by Theodoric the Great in 472 and 479 AD. In the 6th century AD it fell to the Slavs after successive attacks. Here: part of the mosaic in the Large Basilica, showing a lion and a bull. Part of this mosaic appears on the reverse side of the Macedonian 5000 denari banknote issued in 1996.
Keywords: Byzantine, Yugoslavia, national heritage, historic, Christian, Greek ruins, Roman ruins, Byzantine ruins, archeological excavations, mosaics

PMR092K-07
Macedonia, Bitola: the ruins of Heraclea Lyncestis, a Greek town probably founded by Philip II of Macedon in the 4th century BC as Lynkestis. During the Roman period it was an important town on the Via Egnatia. In the Byzantine period the town was an important episcopal centre, but was sacked by Ostrogoth/Visigoth forces led by Theodoric the Great in 472 and 479 AD. In the 6th century AD it fell to the Slavs after successive attacks. Here: a well-preserved mosaic depicting two red deer and a fountain.
Keywords: Byzantine, Yugoslavia, national heritage, historic, Christian, Greek ruins, Roman ruins, Byzantine ruins, archeological excavations, mosaics

PMR092K-06
Macedonia, Bitola: the ruins of Heraclea Lyncestis, a Greek town probably founded by Philip II of Macedon in the 4th century BC as Lynkestis. During the Roman period it was an important town on the Via Egnatia. In the Byzantine period the town was an important episcopal centre, but was sacked by Ostrogoth/Visigoth forces led by Theodoric the Great in 472 and 479 AD. In the 6th century AD it fell to the Slavs after successive attacks. Here: statue of Nemesis in the courthouse, with head and hand missing.
Keywords: Byzantine, mosaics, archeological excavations, Byzantine ruins, Roman ruins, Greek ruins, Christian, historic, national heritage, Yugoslavia

PMR092K-05
Macedonia, Bitola: the ruins of Heraclea Lyncestis, a Greek town probably founded by Philip II of Macedon in the 4th century BC as Lynkestis. During the Roman period it was an important town on the Via Egnatia. In the Byzantine period the town was an important episcopal centre, but was sacked by Ostrogoth/Visigoth forces led by Theodoric the Great in 472 and 479 AD. In the 6th century AD it fell to the Slavs after successive attacks. Here: the hypocaust and underfloor heat circulation system of the baths.
Keywords: Byzantine, mosaics, archeological excavations, Byzantine ruins, Roman ruins, Greek ruins, Christian, historic, national heritage, Yugoslavia

PMR092K-04
Macedonia, Bitola: the ruins of Heraclea Lyncestis, a Greek town probably founded by Philip II of Macedon in the 4th century BC as Lynkestis. During the Roman period it was an important town on the Via Egnatia. In the Byzantine period the town was an important episcopal centre, but was sacked by Ostrogoth/Visigoth forces led by Theodoric the Great in 472 and 479 AD. In the 6th century AD it fell to the Slavs after successive attacks. Here: general view of the ruins, with the baths (left) and the courthouse (right).
Keywords: Byzantine, mosaics, archeological excavations, Byzantine ruins, Roman ruins, Greek ruins, Christian, historic, national heritage, Yugoslavia

PMR092K-03
Macedonia, Bitola: the ruins of Heraclea Lyncestis, a Greek town probably founded by Philip II of Macedon in the 4th century BC as Lynkestis. During the Roman period it was an important town on the Via Egnatia. In the Byzantine period the town was an important episcopal centre, but was sacked by Ostrogoth/Visigoth forces led by Theodoric the Great in 472 and 479 AD. In the 6th century AD it fell to the Slavs after successive attacks. Here: part of a well-preserved mosaic composed of geometrical patterns.
Keywords: Byzantine, Yugoslavia, national heritage, historic, Christian, Greek ruins, Roman ruins, Byzantine ruins, archeological excavations, mosaics

PMR092K-02
Macedonia, Bitola: the ruins of Heraclea Lyncestis, a Greek town probably founded by Philip II of Macedon in the 4th century BC as Lynkestis. During the Roman period it was an important town on the Via Egnatia. In the Byzantine period the town was an important episcopal centre, but was sacked by Ostrogoth/Visigoth forces led by Theodoric the Great in 472 and 479 AD. In the 6th century AD it fell to the Slavs after successive attacks. Here: a mosaic with illustrations of a variety of different birds amid geometrical patterns.
Keywords: Byzantine, mosaics, archeological excavations, Byzantine ruins, Roman ruins, Greek ruins, Christian, historic, national heritage, Yugoslavia

PMR092K-01
Macedonia, Bitola: the ruins of Heraclea Lyncestis, a Greek town probably founded by Philip II of Macedon in the 4th century BC as Lynkestis. During the Roman period it was an important town on the Via Egnatia. In the Byzantine period the town was an important episcopal centre, but was sacked by Ostrogoth/Visigoth forces led by Theodoric the Great in 472 and 479 AD. In the 6th century AD it fell to the Slavs after successive attacks. Here: part of the "small" Basilica with its mosaic floor.
Keywords: Byzantine, Yugoslavia, national heritage, historic, Christian, Greek ruins, Roman ruins, Byzantine ruins, archeological excavations, mosaics

PMR091K-26
Macedonia, Skopje: devastated by an earthquake on 26th July 1963, the capital city has been largely rebuilt. Fortress Kale, overlooking the city, was first built in 536 after Roman Scupi was destroyed by an earthquake in 518 AD. The present fortifications date mainly from Ottoman times.
Keywords: historic, reflections, castle, fortifications, picturesque, national heritage, Yugoslavia

PMR091K-12
Macedonia, Skopje: devastated by an earthquake on 26th July 1963, the capital city has been largely rebuilt. Fortress Kale, overlooking the city, was first built in 536 after Roman Scupi was destroyed by an earthquake in 518 AD. The present fortifications date mainly from Ottoman times.
Keywords: historic, Yugoslavia, national heritage, picturesque, fortifications, castle

PMR091K-10
Macedonia, Skopje: the ruins of Skupi, a Roman colony founded by Domitian between 81 and 96 AD, but abandoned in 518 AD after an earthquake completely destroyed the city.
Keywords: historic, archeology, excavation, Yugoslavia, national heritage

PMR090K-15
Albania, Berat: Ottoman houses mounting the hillside give the town its pseudonym "town of a thousand windows". In the 6th century BC it was a Greek fortress-settlement of the Dassaretae tribe, later the Illyrian town of "Antipatrea", and then taken by the Romans in the 2nd century BC. Here: houses in the Gorica quarter, on the other side of the River Osum, in late afternoon.
Keywords: Shqiperia, architecture, Turkish houses, historic town, national heritage, picturesque, mediaeval

PMR090K-14
Albania, Berat: Ottoman houses mounting the hillside give the town its pseudonym "town of a thousand windows". In the 6th century BC it was a Greek fortress-settlement of the Dassaretae tribe, later the Illyrian town of "Antipatrea", and then taken by the Romans in the 2nd century BC. Here: the 16th century "Leaden Mosque" (Xhamie e Plumbit), so called after the lead-coated domes of the roof.
Keywords: Shqiperia, Muslim, Islam, minaret, mediaeval, picturesque, national heritage, historic town, architecture

PMR090K-13
Albania, Berat: Ottoman houses mounting the hillside give the town its pseudonym "town of a thousand windows". In the 6th century BC it was a Greek fortress-settlement of the Dassaretae tribe, later the Illyrian town of "Antipatrea", and then taken by the Romans in the 2nd century BC. Here: the bus terminus for the yellow "furgons" (minibuses) with the Orthodox Cathedral behind.
Keywords: Shqiperia, mediaeval, picturesque, national heritage, historic town, Turkish houses, architecture

PMR090K-12
Albania, Berat: Ottoman houses mounting the hillside give the town its pseudonym "town of a thousand windows". In the 6th century BC it was a Greek fortress-settlement of the Dassaretae tribe, later the Illyrian town of "Antipatrea", and then taken by the Romans in the 2nd century BC. Here: Helveti-teqe (prayer hall) of the Bekteshi Dervish order, built in 1782.
Keywords: Shqiperia, Muslim, Islam, Ottoman, mediaeval, picturesque, national heritage, historic town, architecture

PMR090K-11
Albania, Berat: Ottoman houses mounting the hillside give the town its pseudonym "town of a thousand windows". In the 6th century BC it was a Greek fortress-settlement of the Dassaretae tribe, later the Illyrian town of "Antipatrea", and then taken by the Romans in the 2nd century BC. Here: Helveti-teqe (prayer hall) of the Bekteshi Dervish order, built in 1782, and local inhabitant.
Keywords: Shqiperia, Muslim, Islam, architecture, Turkish houses, historic town, national heritage, picturesque, mediaeval, Ottoman

PMR090K-10
Albania, Berat: Ottoman houses mounting the hillside give the town its pseudonym "town of a thousand windows". In the 6th century BC it was a Greek fortress-settlement of the Dassaretae tribe, later the Illyrian town of "Antipatrea", and then taken by the Romans in the 2nd century BC. Here: a former "Han" (Turkish inn), built at the end of the17th century, in the town centre.
Keywords: Shqiperia, architecture, Turkish houses, historic town, national heritage, picturesque, mediaeval

PMR090K-09
Albania, Berat: In the 6th century BC the town was a Greek fortress-settlement of the Dassaretae tribe, later the Illyrian town of "Antipatrea", and then taken by the Romans in the 2nd century BC. Here: a square in the old walled citadel on the hill ("Kala"), with curved-roofed Ottoman hall in the foreground, and the fortified walls and towers of the citadel behind.
Keywords: Shqiperia, Ottoman, mediaeval, picturesque, national heritage, historic town, Turkish houses, architecture

PMR090K-08
Albania, Berat: In the 6th century BC the town was a Greek fortress-settlement of the Dassaretae tribe, later the Illyrian town of "Antipatrea", and then taken by the Romans in the 2nd century BC. Here: a narrow cobbled street in the old walled citadel on the hilltop ("Kala"), where the bay windows of the second storey Ottoman houses almost meet.
Keywords: Shqiperia, Ottoman, mediaeval, picturesque, national heritage, historic town, Turkish houses, architecture

PMR090K-07
Albania, Berat: In the 6th century BC the town was a Greek fortress-settlement of the Dassaretae tribe, later the Illyrian town of "Antipatrea", and then taken by the Romans in the 2nd century BC. Here: a cobbled street in the old walled citadel on the hilltop ("Kala"), with whitewashed Ottoman houses grow vines and flowers.
Keywords: Shqiperia, Ottoman, mediaeval, picturesque, national heritage, historic town, Turkish houses, architecture

PMR090K-06
Albania, Berat: In the 6th century BC the town was a Greek fortress-settlement of the Dassaretae tribe, later the Illyrian town of "Antipatrea", and then taken by the Romans in the 2nd century BC. Here: a cobbled street in the old walled citadel on the hilltop ("Kala"), with a row of Ottoman houses.
Keywords: Shqiperia, Ottoman, mediaeval, picturesque, national heritage, historic town, Turkish houses, architecture

PMR090K-05
Albania, Berat: In the 6th century BC the town was a Greek fortress-settlement of the Dassaretae tribe, later the Illyrian town of "Antipatrea", and then taken by the Romans in the 2nd century BC. Here: a cobbled street in the old walled citadel on the hilltop ("Kala"), with the owner of the five-roomed house, Abdulla, a confirmed Communist and supporter of Enver Hoxha, standing in front of the door.
Keywords: Shqiperia, architecture, Turkish houses, historic town, national heritage, picturesque, mediaeval, Ottoman

PMR090K-04
Albania, Berat: In the 6th century BC the town was a Greek fortress-settlement of the Dassaretae tribe, later the Illyrian town of "Antipatrea", and then taken by the Romans in the 2nd century BC. Here: a ship-like house in the old town occupies an acute angle between two streets.
Keywords: Shqiperia, mediaeval, picturesque, national heritage, historic town, Turkish houses, architecture

PMR090K-03
Albania, Berat: In the 6th century BC the town was a Greek fortress-settlement of the Dassaretae tribe, later the Illyrian town of "Antipatrea", and then taken by the Romans in the 2nd century BC. Here: a diminutive ironmonger's shop with a large variety of wares on display.
Keywords: Shqiperia, small business, free enterprise, mediaeval, picturesque, national heritage, historic town, Turkish houses, architecture

PMR090K-02
Albania, Berat: Ottoman houses mounting the hillside give the town its pseudonym "town of a thousand windows". In the 6th century BC it was a Greek fortress-settlement of the Dassaretae tribe, later the Illyrian town of "Antipatrea", and then taken by the Romans in the 2nd century BC.
Keywords: Shqiperia, mediaeval, picturesque, national heritage, historic town, Turkish houses, architecture

PMR090K-01
Albania, Berat: Ottoman houses mounting the hillside give the town its pseudonym "town of a thousand windows". In the 6th century BC it was a Greek fortress-settlement of the Dassaretae tribe, later the Illyrian town of "Antipatrea", and then taken by the Romans in the 2nd century BC.
Keywords: Shqiperia, architecture, Turkish houses, historic town, national heritage, picturesque, mediaeval

PMR089K-33
Albania, Durres: excavations proceeding in the ruins of Roman "Dyrrachium", originally founded by Greek colonists in 627 BC.
Keywords: Shqiperia, Roman architecture, archeology, excavations, architecture

PMR089K-32
Albania, Durres: all that remains of a second-century amphitheatre in Roman "Dyrrachium", originally founded by Greek colonists in 627 BC.
Keywords: Shqiperia, theatre, antique stadium, Roman architecture, archeology, excavations, architecture

PMR089K-17
Montenegro: Kotor, a UNESCO World Heritage site, has a history going back to Roman times when it was known as Acruvium.
The massive Kampana Bastion and the town's north wall, with Mount Lovcen and Castel St. John, an Illyrian fort, in the background.
Keywords: picturesque, Yugoslavia, port, historic city, bastions, ramparts, fortifications, fortress, national heritage, mediaeval

PMR089K-16
Montenegro: Kotor, a UNESCO World Heritage site, has a history going back to Roman times when it was known as Acruvium.
The Sea Gate, West Gate (1555) and Duke's (Providur's) Palace above it, from the Riva.
Keywords: picturesque, Yugoslavia, port, historic city, bastions, ramparts, fortifications, fortress, national heritage, mediaeval

PMR089K-15
Montenegro: Kotor, a UNESCO World Heritage site, has a history going back to Roman times when it was known as Acruvium.
the Gurdic Bastion and the South Gate, which has three doors, from the 13th, 17th, and 18th centuries.
Keywords: picturesque, Yugoslavia, port, historic city, bastions, ramparts, fortifications, fortress, national heritage, mediaeval

PMR089K-14
Montenegro: Kotor, a UNESCO World Heritage site, has a history going back to Roman times when it was known as Acruvium.
a street in the old town (Stari Grad), overlooked by Mount Lovcen and Castel St. John, an Illyrian fort.
Keywords: picturesque, Yugoslavia, port, historic city, bastions, ramparts, fortifications, fortress, national heritage, mediaeval

PMR089K-13
Montenegro: Kotor, a UNESCO World Heritage site, has a history going back to Roman times when it was known as Acruvium.
View of the Gulf of Kotor, surrounded by precipitous mountains, and the new town.
Keywords: picturesque, Yugoslavia, port, historic city, bastions, ramparts, fortifications, fortress, national heritage, mediaeval

PMR089K-12
Montenegro: Kotor, a UNESCO World Heritage site, has a history going back to Roman times when it was known as Acruvium.
View of the Gulf of Kotor with part of the old town (Stari Grad) and part of the Castel St. John, an Illyrian fort (260 metres high).
Keywords: picturesque, Yugoslavia, port, historic city, bastions, ramparts, fortifications, fortress, national heritage, mediaeval

PMR089K-11
Montenegro: Kotor, a UNESCO World Heritage site, has a history going back to Roman times when it was known as Acruvium.
Bird's eye view of the complete harbour from the Castel St. John, an Illyrian fort (260 metres high).
Keywords: picturesque, Yugoslavia, port, historic city, bastions, ramparts, fortifications, fortress, national heritage, mediaeval

PMR089K-10
Montenegro: Kotor, a UNESCO World Heritage site, has a history going back to Roman times when it was known as Acruvium.
View of the Gulf of Kotor and flag of Montenegro from Castel St. John, an Illyrian fort, (260 metres high).
Keywords: picturesque, mediaeval, national heritage, fortress, fortifications, ramparts, bastions, historic city, port, Yugoslavia

PMR089K-09
Montenegro: Kotor, a UNESCO World Heritage site, has a history going back to Roman times when it was known as Acruvium.
View of the old town (Stari Grad) and jetty from the Church of Our Lady of Remedy.
Keywords: picturesque, panorama, Yugoslavia, port, historic city, bastions, ramparts, fortifications, fortress, national heritage, mediaeval

PMR089K-08
Montenegro: Kotor, a UNESCO World Heritage site, has a history going back to Roman times when it was known as Acruvium.
Part view of the old town (Stari Grad) and jetty, from the Roko fortification.
Keywords: picturesque, Yugoslavia, mediaeval, national heritage, fortress, fortifications, ramparts, bastions, historic city, port

PMR087K-11
Croatia, Dalmatia, Solin: ruins of the ancient town of Salona, capital of the Roman province of Dalmatia, inhabited until 614 AD when it was taken by barbarians. Here: a beautifully carved sarcophagus cover, just unearthed.
Keywords: Roman ruins, Yugoslavia, national heritage, historic, excavations, archeology, Roman architecture

PMR087K-10
Croatia, Dalmatia, Solin: ruins of the ancient town of Salona, capital of the Roman province of Dalmatia, inhabited until 614 AD when it was taken by barbarians. General view of the ruins with the town basilica discernible at the rear.
Keywords: Roman ruins, Roman architecture, archeology, excavations, historic, national heritage, Yugoslavia

PMR087K-09
Croatia, Dalmatia, Solin: ruins of the ancient town of Salona, capital of the Roman province of Dalmatia, inhabited until 614 AD when it was taken by barbarians. The amphitheatre, dating from the 2nd century AD.
Keywords: Roman ruins, Roman architecture, archeology, excavations, historic, national heritage, Yugoslavia

PMR087K-08
Croatia, Dalmatia, Split: Diocletian's Palace, built by the Roman Emperor between 295 and 305 AD in a square format with side walls of about 200 metres. Most of the walls and substantial parts of the inner constructions have been preserved. Here: a Romanesque clocktower and belfry, flanking the passage to the Roman "Iron Gate" in Narodni Trg.
Keywords: national heritage, Yugoslavia, Roman architecture, mediaeval, picturesque, historic town

PMR087K-07
Croatia, Dalmatia, Split: Diocletian's Palace, built by the Roman Emperor between 295 and 305 AD in a square format with side walls of about 200 metres. Most of the walls and substantial parts of the inner constructions have been preserved. Here: a colourful Bougainvillea, spreading itself right across a square within the Roman walls of the palace.
Keywords: national heritage, Yugoslavia, Roman architecture, mediaeval, picturesque, historic town

PMR087K-06
Croatia, Dalmatia, Split: Diocletian's Palace, built by the Roman Emperor between 295 and 305 AD in a square format with side walls of about 200 metres. Most of the walls and substantial parts of the inner constructions have been preserved. Here: an ancient house, still occupied, within the Roman walls.
Keywords: national heritage, Yugoslavia, Roman architecture, mediaeval, picturesque, historic town

PMR087K-04
Croatia, Dalmatia, Split: Diocletian's Palace, built by the Roman Emperor between 295 and 305 AD in a square format with side walls of about 200 metres. Most of the walls and substantial parts of the inner constructions have been preserved. Here: some of the dwellings built onto the ancient Roman walls.
Keywords: national heritage, historic town, picturesque, mediaeval, Roman architecture, Yugoslavia

PMR087K-02
Croatia, Dalmatia, Split: Diocletian's Palace, built by the Roman Emperor between 295 and 305 AD in a square format with side walls of about 200 metres. Most of the walls and substantial parts of the inner constructions have been preserved. Here: the 200-metre-long south wall, overlooking the new marble promenade, "Riva", laid out with palm trees, shrubs and fountains. Fishing boat to the left.
Keywords: national heritage, Yugoslavia, Roman architecture, mediaeval, picturesque, historic town

PMR081K-23
Tunisia: Dougga, Ruins of the city "Thugga", founded in the 4th century BC by Numidians, becoming Roman in the 2nd century AD, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and the best preserved Roman city in Africa. The lower storey of a substantial Roman house.
Keywords: picturesque, archeological site, architecture, heritage, historic, Maghreb

PMR081K-22
Tunisia: Dougga, Ruins of the city "Thugga", founded in the 4th century BC by Numidians, becoming Roman in the 2nd century AD, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and the best preserved Roman city in Africa. The Mausoleum of Ateban (2nd century BC), the only pre-Roman (Numidian-Punic) building in Tunisia.
Keywords: picturesque, Maghreb, historic, heritage, architecture, Numidian, archeological site, Numidian architecture, Punic architecture, pre-Roman architecture

PMR081K-21
Tunisia: Dougga, Ruins of the city "Thugga", founded in the 4th century BC by Numidians, becoming Roman in the 2nd century AD, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and the best preserved Roman city in Africa. Corinthian columns and the Tympanum of the Capitol, a temple dedicated to Jupiter, Juno and Minerva, built in 166 or 167 AD. View from the Forum (market place) against a foreboding sky.
Keywords: picturesque, archeological site, Numidian, architecture, heritage, historic, Maghreb, classical architecture

PMR081K-20
Tunisia: Dougga, Ruins of the city "Thugga", founded in the 4th century BC by Numidians, becoming Roman in the 2nd century AD, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and the best preserved Roman city in Africa. Corinthian columns and the Tympanum of the Capitol, showing a figure being raised by an eagle. The temple was dedicated to Jupiter, Juno and Minerva and was built in 166 or 167 AD.
Keywords: picturesque, archeological site, Numidian, architecture, heritage, historic, Maghreb

PMR081K-19
Tunisia: Dougga, Ruins of the city "Thugga", founded in the 4th century BC by Numidians, becoming Roman in the 2nd century AD, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and the best preserved Roman city in Africa. Two of the Ain-el-Hammam water cisterns, each 33 metres long by 5 metres high, supplied by a 12-kilometre-long aqueduct.
Keywords: picturesque, water supply, archeological site, Numidian, architecture, heritage, historic, Maghreb

PMR081K-18
Tunisia: Dougga, Ruins of the city "Thugga", founded in the 4th century BC by Numidians, becoming Roman in the 2nd century AD, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and the best preserved Roman city in Africa. The superb Capitol, a temple dedicated to Jupiter, Juno and Minerva, was built in 166 or 167 AD.
Keywords: picturesque, entablature, Corinthian columns, classical architecture, archeological site, Numidian, architecture, heritage, historic, Maghreb, tympanum

PMR081K-17
Tunisia: Dougga, Ruins of the city "Thugga", founded in the 4th century BC by Numidians, becoming Roman in the 2nd century AD, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and the best preserved Roman city in Africa. The mosaic floor of a Roman villa, still in situ, scarcely damaged.
Keywords: picturesque, Maghreb, historic, heritage, architecture, Numidian, archeological site

PMR081K-13
Tunisia, Carthage: Part of the ruins of the Roman Thermae (Baths) of Antoninus Pius.
Keywords: picturesque, heritage, historic, Maghreb, Carthago, architecture

PMR081K-11
Tunisia, Sousse: The Kasbah (859 AD) now houses the Archeological Museum with a fine collection of Roman mosaics.
Keywords: Islamic, picturesque, Muslim, Mohamed, heritage, historic, Maghreb

PMR080K-29
Tunisia: Tamerza, an abandoned Berber oasis village on the edge of the desert, the former Roman outpost "Ad Turres", boasts an 8-metre high waterfall.
Keywords: Islam, Muslim, Mohammedan, Maghreb, picturesque, Sahara desert

PMR080K-28
Tunisia: Chebika, an abandoned Berber oasis village on the edge of the desert, the former Roman outpost "Ad Speculam". The inhabitants now live in a new village, but return to harvest the date palms. The area is a rich source of minerals for collectors. Here: geodes or druses, lined with quartz crystals, on offer for modest sums.
Keywords: Islam, Muslim, Mohammedan, Maghreb, historic, geode, druse, geology, nodule

PMR080K-27
Tunisia: Chebika, an abandoned Berber oasis village on the edge of the desert, the former Roman outpost "Ad Speculam". The inhabitants now live in a new village, but return to harvest the date palms. Brightly coloured Berber rugs and carpets can be purchased at this shop, as displayed.
Keywords: Islam, Muslim, Mohammedan, Maghreb, historic, heritage, picturesque, mud-brick buildings

PMR080K-26
Tunisia: Chebika, an abandoned Berber oasis village on the edge of the desert, the former Roman outpost "Ad Speculam". The inhabitants now live in a new village, but return to harvest the date palms. Stone sculpture of a Steinbock/Moufflon/Muffelschaf/Ibex on a ridge overlooking the village.
Keywords: Islam, Muslim, Mohammedan, Maghreb, Sahara desert

PMR080K-25
Tunisia: Chebika, an abandoned Berber oasis village on the edge of the desert, the former Roman outpost "Ad Speculam". The inhabitants now live in a new village, but return to harvest the date palms. The surrounding barren, rugged mountains are an outcrop of the Saharan Atlas Mountains.
Keywords: Islam, Muslim, Mohammedan, Maghreb, picturesque, Sahara desert

PMR080K-24
Tunisia: Chebika, an abandoned Berber oasis village on the edge of the desert, the former Roman outpost "Ad Speculam". The inhabitants now live in a new village, but return to harvest the date palms. View over the abandoned mud- brick dwellings towards Chott el Gharsa, with date palms visible in the background.
Keywords: Islam, Muslim, Mohammedan, Maghreb, historic, heritage, picturesque, archeology, mud-brick buildings

PMR080K-23
Tunisia: Chebika, an abandoned Berber oasis village on the edge of the desert, the former Roman outpost "Ad Speculam". The inhabitants now live in a new village, but return to harvest the date palms. Brightly coloured Berber rugs are offered to tourists.
Keywords: Islam, mud-brick buildings, archeology, picturesque, heritage, historic, Maghreb, Mohammedan, Muslim

PMR080K-15
Tunisia, El Jem: the Roman Colosseum, built in the 2nd century AD, is the best preserved and second only in size to Rome's.
Keywords: Islam, archeology, picturesque, heritage, historic, Maghreb, Mohammedan, Muslim

PMR080K-02
Tunisia: Kairouan, the fourth holiest place in Islam, after Mecca, Medina and Jerusalem: Sidi Oqba Mosque, founded in 672, the oldest in North Africa and model for later mosques throughout the Maghreb. UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Site. View of the columns and capitals in the portico, mostly borrowed from Roman buildings.
Keywords: Islam, Muslim, Mohammedan, Maghreb, historic, heritage, picturesque

PMR079K-36
Tunisia: Kairouan, the fourth holiest place in Islam, after Mecca, Medina and Jerusalem: Sidi Oqba Mosque, founded in 672, the oldest in North Africa and model for later mosques throughout the Maghreb. UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Site. Here: doorway to the minaret, incorporating borrowed Roman stonework.
Keywords: Islam, Muslim, Mohammedan, Maghreb, historic, heritage, picturesque

PMR057K-15
England, Norfolk: The south wall of the Roman fort at Burgh Castle.

PMR057K-14
England, Norfolk: Subsiding walls of the Roman fort at Burgh Castle.

PMR052K-31
Spain, Old Castile, Segovia: The Roman aqueduct, 728 metres long and 28 metres high, is still functioning.

PMR020K-08
Romania, Wallachia, Drobeta-Turnu-Severin: Ruins of the Roman castra from the time of Hadrian. Its purpose was the defence of the adjacent bridge over the Danube. Today, Yugoslavia (Serbia) lies on the other side of the Danube.
Keywords: archeology, excavations, Roman remains, Roman ruins

PMR017K-14
Syria: Minaret of the Umayyad Mosque from the propylon of a former Temple of Jupiter in the centre of Damascus.
Keywords: arab city, middle east, architecture, Roman ruins

PMR017K-11
Syria: Palmyra, a city known from the first century BC, but became a Roman dependency after AD 18 and was extensively developed until destroyed by Aurelian in 273 AD. Here, fragments of carving from the exterior of a tower grave.
Keywords: archeology, ruined city, architecture, excavations, desert city

PMR017K-10
Syria: Palmyra, a city known from the first century BC, but became a Roman dependency after AD 18 and was extensively developed until destroyed by Aurelian in 273 AD. Here, the coffered ceiling of a grave chamber (tower grave), from the first century AD, with portraits of the family members.
Keywords: archeology, desert city, excavations, architecture, ruined city

PMR017K-09
Syria: Palmyra, a city known from the first century BC, but became a Roman dependency after AD 18 and was extensively developed until destroyed by Aurelian in 273 AD. Here, part of the mighty Baal Temple, which was consecrated in 32 AD, now in ruins.
Keywords: archeology, desert city, excavations, architecture, ruined city

PMR017K-08
Syria: Palmyra, a city known from the first century BC, but became a Roman dependency after AD 18 and was extensively developed until destroyed by Aurelian in 273 AD. Here, view of the fortress, Qalaat ibn Maan, through an arch in the ruins.
Keywords: archeology, ruined city, architecture, excavations, desert city

PMR017K-07
Syria: Palmyra, a city known from the first century BC, but became a Roman dependency after AD 18 and was extensively developed until destroyed by Aurelian in 273 AD. Here, carved vaulting still in place on the ruins of Hadrian's Gate, built after the visit of the emperor in 129 AD.
Keywords: archeology, desert city, excavations, architecture, ruined city

PMR016K-31
Iraq: Hatra, a great Arab city, founded in the third century BC after the fall of the Assyrian empire in 612 BC and Babylon in 539 BC. The buildings combine elements of Hellenistic/Roman and Syrian architecture. Here, the "Temple of the Trinity". comprising three "evans", or vaulted bays.
Keywords: excavations, statues, ruined city, temple

PMR016K-30
Iraq: Hatra, a great Arab city, founded in the third century BC after the fall of the Assyrian empire in 612 BC and Babylon in 539 BC. The buildings combine elements of Hellenistic/Roman and Syrian architecture. Here, carved heads on the inner wall of the temple.
Keywords: excavations, statues, ruined city, temple

PMR016K-29
Iraq: Hatra, a great Arab city, founded in the third century BC after the fall of the Assyrian empire in 612 BC and Babylon in 539 BC. The buildings combine elements of Hellenistic/Roman and Syrian architecture. Here, a carved head of Minerva looks down on those entering the temple.
Keywords: excavations, statues, ruined city, temple

PMR016K-28
Iraq: Hatra, a great Arab city, founded in the third century BC after the fall of the Assyrian empire in 612 BC and Babylon in 539 BC. The buildings combine elements of Hellenistic/Roman and Syrian architecture. Here, carved figures (headless) from the first or second century AD.
Keywords: excavations, statues, ruined city, temple

PMR012K-20
Turkey, Istanbul: Enormous jar, carved out of a single piece of stone, in the Aya Sofia, built on the orders of the Roman Emperor Justinian, and consecrated on 26th December 537. It has the second largest dome in the world. The mosaics were added in XI-XIII centuries.
Keywords: Hagia Sophia, Christianity, architecture, Historic building, Holy Place, Cathedral, Church, Constantinople, Byzantine, Byzanz

PMR012K-19
Turkey, Istanbul: Decorated capital of a column in the Aya Sofia, built on the orders of the Roman Emperor Justinian, and consecrated on 26th December 537 . It has the second largest dome in the world. The mosaics were added in XI-XIII centuries.
Keywords: Hagia Sophia, Constantinople, Church, Cathedral, Holy Place, Historic building, architecture, Christianity, Byzantine, Byzanz

PMR012K-18
Turkey, Istanbul: Byzantine mosaics in the Aya Sofia, built on the orders of the Roman Emperor Justinian, and consecrated on 26th December 537 . It has the second largest dome in the world. The mosaics were added in XI-XIII centuries. Illustrated here is Christ with his desciples (extensively damaged).
Keywords: Hagia Sophia, Constantinople, Church, Cathedral, Holy Place, Historic building, architecture, Christianity

PMR012K-17
Turkey, Istanbul: Byzantine mosaics in the Aya Sofia, built on the orders of the Roman Emperor Justinian, and consecrated on 26th December 537 . It has the second largest dome in the world. The mosaics were added in XI-XIII centuries. Illustrated here are Emperor Constantine IX Monomachos, the Virgin and Child, and Empress Zoe.
Keywords: Hagia Sophia, Constantinople, Church, Cathedral, Holy Place, Historic building, architecture, Christianity

PMR012K-16
Turkey, Istanbul: Byzantine mosaics in the Aya Sofia, built on the orders of the Roman Emperor Justinian, and consecrated on 26th December 537 . It has the second largest dome in the world. The mosaics were added in XI-XIII centuries. Illustrated here are Emperor Constantine IX Monomachos, Christ, and Empress Zoe.
Keywords: Hagia Sophia, Constantinople, Church, Cathedral, Holy Place, Historic building, architecture, Christianity

PMR009K-10
Spain, Girona: "Roman soldier" uniforms laid out ready for use in the Good Friday procession.
Keywords: Costa Brava

PMR009K-09
Spain, Girona: "Roman soldier" uniforms laid out ready for use in the Good Friday procession.
Keywords: Costa Brava

PMR071K-05
Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: the remains of shopping units on the "Commercial Agora".
Keywords: Greek ruins, towns of antiquity, excavations, archeology, Lycians, Graeco-Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman ruins, Roman ruins, Lycia

PMR071K-04
Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: view of the sports stadium from the east, showing the three seating terraces.
Keywords: Greek ruins, Roman ruins, Graeco-Roman ruins, Graeco-Roman architecture, Lycians, archeology, excavations, towns of antiquity, Lycia

PMR071K-03
Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: the Graeco-Roman amphitheatre showing the orchestra and ruined stage buildings.
Keywords: Greek ruins, Roman ruins, Graeco-Roman ruins, Graeco-Roman architecture, Lycians, archeology, excavations, towns of antiquity, Lycia

PMR071K-02
Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: modern simulation of a race on the running track!
Keywords: Greek ruins, towns of antiquity, excavations, archeology, Lycians, Graeco-Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman ruins, Roman ruins, Lycia

PMR071K-01
Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: the Graeco-Roman sports stadium with seating terraces on the left.
Keywords: Greek ruins, towns of antiquity, excavations, archeology, Lycians, Graeco-Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman ruins, Roman ruins, Lycia

PMR070K-36
Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: view of the Scaene (stage building) of the amphitheatre, which is from the late Hellenic period.
Keywords: Greek ruins, towns of antiquity, excavations, archeology, Lycians, Graeco-Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman ruins, Roman ruins, Lycia

PMR070K-35
Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: the typically Greek, horseshoe-shaped amphitheatre with 20 rows of seats. It enjoys excellent acoustics and views of the landscape.
Keywords: Greek ruins, Lycia, Roman ruins, Graeco-Roman ruins, Graeco-Roman architecture, Lycians, archeology, excavations, towns of antiquity

PMR070K-34
Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: the central stage entrance doorway to the amphitheatre.
Keywords: Greek ruins, towns of antiquity, excavations, archeology, Lycians, Graeco-Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman ruins, Roman ruins, Lycia

PMR070K-33
Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: the Odeon (concert and meeting hall) is accessed by three arched doorways from the Agora.
Keywords: Greek ruins, towns of antiquity, excavations, archeology, Lycians, Graeco-Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman ruins, Roman ruins, Lycia

PMR070K-32
Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: the retaining wall of the Agora, showing the skill with which irregular stones were fitted together.
Keywords: Greek ruins, towns of antiquity, excavations, archeology, Lycians, Graeco-Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman ruins, Roman ruins, Lycia

PMR070K-29
Turkey, Lycia, Myra: The ancient city of Myra, founded in the 5th century BC, was the leading city of Lycia. The principal interest today is the collection of rock tombs, built into the cliffs, with elaborate temple-like facades, dating from the 4th century BC. All the tombs have been plundered and many were used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Myra was a flourishing city under the Romans, as evidenced by the substantial Roman theatre. Here: fragments of fine stone carving which once adorned the amphitheatre.
Keywords: rock burials, excavations, archeology, Lycians, caves, Roman architecture, Lycia

PMR070K-28
Turkey, Lycia, Myra: The ancient city of Myra, founded in the 5th century BC, was the leading city of Lycia. The principal interest today is the collection of rock tombs, built into the cliffs, with elaborate temple-like facades, dating from the 4th century BC. All the tombs have been plundered and many were used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Myra was a flourishing city under the Romans, as evidenced by the substantial Roman theatre. Here: some of the rock tombs in the cliffs, high above the amphitheatre.
Keywords: rock burials, Roman architecture, caves, Lycians, archeology, excavations, Lycia

PMR070K-27
Turkey, Lycia, Myra: The ancient city of Myra, founded in the 5th century BC, was the leading city of Lycia. The principal interest today is the collection of rock tombs, built into the cliffs, with elaborate temple-like facades, dating from the 4th century BC. All the tombs have been plundered and many were used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Myra was a flourishing city under the Romans. Here: the substantial amphitheatre is witness to the prosperity of the town in Roman Imperial days.
Keywords: rock burials, Roman architecture, caves, Lycians, archeology, excavations, Lycia

PMR070K-26
Turkey, Lycia, Myra: The ancient city of Myra, founded in the 5th century BC, was the leading city of Lycia. The principal interest today is the collection of rock tombs, built into the cliffs, with elaborate temple-like facades, dating from the 4th century BC. All the tombs have been plundered and many were used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Myra was a flourishing city under the Romans, as evidenced by the substantial Roman theatre. Here: closer view of a tomb built into the cliff, with carved figures on the architrave.
Keywords: rock burials, Lycia, Roman architecture, caves, Lycians, archeology, excavations

PMR070K-25
Turkey, Lycia, Myra: The ancient city of Myra, founded in the 5th century BC, was the leading city of Lycia. The principal interest today is the collection of rock tombs, built into the cliffs, with elaborate temple-like facades, dating from the 4th century BC. All the tombs have been plundered and many were used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Myra was a flourishing city under the Romans, as evidenced by the substantial Roman theatre. Here: a free-standing tomb, with plundered tombs built into the cliff, below.
Keywords: rock burials, Lycia, Roman architecture, caves, Lycians, archeology, excavations

PMR070K-24
Turkey, Lycia, Myra: The ancient city of Myra, founded in the 5th century BC, was the leading city of Lycia. The principal interest today is the collection of rock tombs, built into the cliffs, with elaborate temple-like facades, dating from the 4th century BC. All the tombs have been plundered and many were used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Myra was a flourishing city under the Romans, as evidenced by the substantial Roman theatre. Here: general extent of the rock tombs.
Keywords: rock burials, Lycia, excavations, archeology, Lycians, caves, Roman architecture

PMR070K-23
Turkey, Lycia, Myra: The ancient city of Myra, founded in the 5th century BC, was the leading city of Lycia. The principal interest today is the collection of rock tombs, built into the cliffs, with elaborate temple-like facades, dating from the 4th century BC. All the tombs have been plundered and many were used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Myra was a flourishing city under the Romans, as evidenced by the substantial Roman theatre. Here: stone masks from the amphitheatre, with modern augmentation! The rock tombs are visible in the background.
Keywords: rock burials, Lycia, Roman architecture, caves, Lycians, archeology, excavations

PMR070K-11
Turkey, Lacia, Kas: Antiphellos amphitheatre in Kas has just 25 well-preserved rows of seats but dates back to the first century BC.
Keywords: Greek ruins, towns of antiquity, excavations, archeology, Lycians, Graeco-Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman ruins, Roman ruins, Lycia

PMR070K-10
Turkey, Lycia, Kas: View of the harbour at Kas and some of the new developments, from near the Graeco-Roman amphitheatre.
Keywords: picturesque, Lycia, Mediterranean, resort

PMR070K-07
Turkey, Lycia, Kalkan: a well-preserved section of a Roman aqueduct on a hill crest above the Bay of Firnaz, south of Yesiliköy, 230 metres long, 3 metres wide, and 9 metres high, which carried water under pressure in a 33cm. bore stone pipeline for 35 kilometres to Patara from a spring near (today's) Islamlar. Here: the male and female connections of the stone segments which carried the water under pressure on the aqueduct.
Keywords: water supplies, Roman building, water supply in antiquity, Lycia

PMR070K-06
Turkey, Lycia, Kalkan: a well-preserved section of a Roman aqueduct on a hill crest above the Bay of Firnaz, south of Yesiliköy, 230 metres long, 3 metres wide, and 9 metres high, which carried water under pressure in a 33cm. bore stone pipeline for 35 kilometres to Patara from a spring near (today's) Islamlar. Here: view along the aqueduct, closely encompassed by shrubs and trees.
Keywords: water supplies, water supply in antiquity, Roman building, Lycia

PMR070K-05
Turkey, Lycia, Kalkan: a well-preserved section of a Roman aqueduct on a hill crest above the Bay of Firnaz, south of Yesiliköy, 230 metres long, 3 metres wide, and 9 metres high, which carried water under pressure in a 33cm. bore stone pipeline for 35 kilometres to Patara from a spring near (today's) Islamlar. Here: view along the aqueduct, closely encompassed by shrubs and trees, showing how the water flowed uphill as well as downhill.
Keywords: water supplies, enineering wonders, water supply in antiquity, Roman building, Lycia

PMR070K-04
Turkey, Lycia, Kalkan: a well-preserved section of a Roman aqueduct on a hill crest above the Bay of Firnaz, south of Yesiliköy, 230 metres long, 3 metres wide, and 9 metres high, which carried water under pressure in a 33cm. bore stone pipeline for 35 kilometres to Patara from a spring near (today's) Islamlar.
Keywords: water supplies, Roman building, water supply in antiquity, Lycia

PMR069K-29
Turkey, Lycia, Patara: Already settled in the 7th century BC, the ancient site of Patara became one of the leading Lycian cities under the Romans, thanks to its flourishing harbour. When the battle against the sand was finally lost and the harbour silted up about 800 years ago, the city was abandoned. In recent years significant Roman building works have been freed from the sand. Here: a stone from the antique lighthouse, bearing the remains of an inscription, formerly with bronze-inlaid letters.
Keywords: Roman remains, cities of antiquity, archeological excavations, Graeco-Roman remains, Roman architecture, Lycia

PMR069K-28
Turkey, Lycia, Patara: Already settled in the 7th century BC, the ancient site of Patara became one of the leading Lycian cities under the Romans, thanks to its flourishing harbour. When the battle against the sand was finally lost and the harbour silted up about 800 years ago, the city was abandoned. In recent years significant Roman building works have been freed from the sand. Here: view of the harbour basin and granaries, from a sand dune. The Agora stretched to the left.
Keywords: Roman remains, cities of antiquity, archeological excavations, Graeco-Roman remains, Roman architecture, Lycia

PMR069K-27
Turkey, Lycia, Patara: Already settled in the 7th century BC, the ancient site of Patara became one of the leading Lycian cities under the Romans, thanks to its flourishing harbour. When the battle against the sand was finally lost and the harbour silted up about 800 years ago, the city was abandoned. In recent years significant Roman building works have been freed from the sand. Here: a series of Roman granaries, virtually complete except for the roofs, but completely overgrown by vegetation, on the former harbour quay.
Keywords: Roman remains, Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman remains, archeological excavations, cities of antiquity, Lycia

PMR069K-26
Turkey, Lycia, Patara: Already settled in the 7th century BC, the ancient site of Patara became one of the leading Lycian cities under the Romans, thanks to its flourishing harbour. When the battle against the sand was finally lost and the harbour silted up about 800 years ago, the city was abandoned. In recent years significant Roman building works have been freed from the sand. Here: scrambling up the sand dunes which have invaded the area.
Keywords: Roman remains, cities of antiquity, archeological excavations, Graeco-Roman remains, Roman architecture, Lycia

PMR069K-25
Turkey, Lycia, Patara: Already settled in the 7th century BC, the ancient site of Patara became one of the leading Lycian cities under the Romans, thanks to its flourishing harbour. When the battle against the sand was finally lost and the harbour silted up about 800 years ago, the city was abandoned. In recent years significant Roman building works have been freed from the sand. Here: view of the silted-up harbour basin, around which the life of the city formerly turned.
Keywords: Roman remains, Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman remains, archeological excavations, cities of antiquity, Lycia

PMR069K-24
Turkey, Lycia, Patara: Already settled in the 7th century BC, the ancient site of Patara became one of the leading Lycian cities under the Romans, thanks to its flourishing harbour. When the battle against the sand was finally lost and the harbour silted up about 800 years ago, the city was abandoned. In recent years significant Roman building works have been freed from the sand. Here: view from the Roman amphitheatre of the site of the antique city.
Keywords: Roman remains, Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman remains, archeological excavations, cities of antiquity, Lycia

PMR069K-11
Turkey, Lycia, Lydae: Remains of the ancient town of Lydae, on a hill near the Gulf of Fethiye. Here: traces of decorative carving from the mortuary temple.
Keywords: Roman remains, Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman remains, archeological excavations, cities of antiquity, Lycia

PMR069K-10
Turkey, Lycia, Lydae: Remains of the ancient town of Lydae, on a hill near the Gulf of Fethiye. Here: an unidentified ruined building, and view of the valley and surrounding hills.
Keywords: Roman remains, cities of antiquity, archeological excavations, Graeco-Roman remains, Roman architecture, Lycia

PMR069K-09
Turkey, Lycia, Lydae: Remains of the ancient town of Lydae, on a hill near the Gulf of Fethiye. Here: the ruins of the mortuary temple.
Keywords: Roman remains, cities of antiquity, archeological excavations, Graeco-Roman remains, Roman architecture, Lycia

PMR069K-04
Turkey, Lycia, Kaunos: The ancient Graeco-Roman city of Kaunos lay on the border of Lycia and Karia and its inhabitants made a living from boat-building and the export of salt, slaves and amber. The city finally died when the harbour silted up and strangled communications. Here: view of the well-paved Necropolis Street from the east.
Keywords: Graeco-Roman remains, archeological excavations, Roman ruins, Greek ruins, antique cities

PMR069K-02
Turkey, Lycia, Kaunos: The ancient Graeco-Roman city of Kaunos lay on the border of Lycia and Karia and its inhabitants made a living from boat-building and the export of salt, slaves and amber. The city finally died when the harbour silted up and strangled communications. Here: entry arch to the well-preserved, late Roman baths (Therme), which were among the largest in Asia Minor.
Keywords: Graeco-Roman remains, archeological excavations, Roman ruins, Greek ruins, antique cities, Lycia

PMR069K-01
Turkey, Lycia, Kaunos: The ancient Graeco-Roman city of Kaunos lay on the border of Lycia and Karia and its inhabitants made a living from boat-building and the export of salt, slaves and amber. The city finally died when the harbour silted up and strangled communications. Here: view of the silted-up inner harbour, from the former site of the ancient city.
Keywords: Graeco-Roman remains, archeological excavations, Roman ruins, Greek ruins, antique cities

PMR068K-36
Turkey, Lycia, Kaunos: The ancient Graeco-Roman city of Kaunos lay on the border of Lycia and Karia and its inhabitants made a living from boat-building and the export of salt, slaves and amber. The city finally died when the harbour silted up and strangled communications. Here: the completely silted-up harbour of the ancient city, the cause of its demise.
Keywords: Graeco-Roman remains, archeological excavations, Roman ruins, Greek ruins, antique cities, Lycia

PMR068K-35
Turkey, Lycia, Kaunos: The ancient Graeco-Roman city of Kaunos lay on the border of Lycia and Karia and its inhabitants made a living from boat-building and the export of salt, slaves and amber. The city finally died when the harbour silted up and strangled communications. Here: ruined storehouses.
Keywords: Graeco-Roman remains, archeological excavations, Roman ruins, Greek ruins, antique cities, Lycia

PMR068K-33
Turkey: Marmaris goes back to almost 1000 BC when it was founded by Doric settlers with the name "Phiscus". Subsequently it fell under Lydian, Greek, and Roman rule until being absorbed into the Osman Empire in 1408. Now a leading holiday resort on the Turkish south coast, it can accommodate over 100,000 visitors at a time. Here: yachts at their moorings with the kalesi (fortress) built by Suleiman the Magnificent in 1522 in the background.
Keywords: tourist attraction, sunshine, Mediterranean resort, marina, holiday resort, Turkish carpet centre, sailing, yachting, oriental

PMR068K-32
Turkey: Marmaris goes back to almost 1000 BC when it was founded by Doric settlers with the name "Phiscus". Subsequently it fell under Lydian, Greek, and Roman rule until being absorbed into the Osman Empire in 1408. Now a leading holiday resort on the Turkish south coast, it can accommodate over 100,000 visitors at a time. Here: a carpet emporium and a ceramics stall, typical temptations for the visitor.
Keywords: tourist attraction, oriental, yachting, sailing, Turkish carpet centre, holiday resort, marina, Mediterranean resort, sunshine

PMR068K-31
Turkey: Marmaris goes back to almost 1000 BC when it was founded by Doric settlers with the name "Phiscus". Subsequently it fell under Lydian, Greek, and Roman rule until being absorbed into the Osman Empire in 1408. Now a leading holiday resort on the Turkish south coast, it can accommodate over 100,000 visitors at a time. Here: the river estuary, with small boat moorings, and footbridge in the background.
Keywords: tourist attraction, reflections, oriental, yachting, sailing, Turkish carpet centre, holiday resort, marina, Mediterranean resort, sunshine

PMR068K-30
Turkey: Marmaris goes back to almost 1000 BC when it was founded by Doric settlers with the name "Phiscus". Subsequently it fell under Lydian, Greek, and Roman rule until being absorbed into the Osman Empire in 1408. Now a leading holiday resort on the Turkish south coast, it can accommodate over 100,000 visitors at a time. Here: yachts at their moorings overlooked by rows of new houses.
Keywords: tourist attraction, oriental, yachting, sailing, Turkish carpet centre, holiday resort, marina, Mediterranean resort, sunshine

PMR068K-29
Turkey: Marmaris goes back to almost 1000 BC when it was founded by Doric settlers with the name "Phiscus". Subsequently it fell under Lydian, Greek, and Roman rule until being absorbed into the Osman Empire in 1408. Now a leading holiday resort on the Turkish south coast, it can accommodate over 100,000 visitors at a time. Here: Fortress Hill, seen from Netsel Marina, across the harbour, with speedboat in the foreground.
Keywords: tourist attraction, reflections, sunshine, Mediterranean resort, marina, holiday resort, Turkish carpet centre, sailing, yachting, oriental

PMR068K-28
Turkey: Marmaris goes back to almost 1000 BC when it was founded by Doric settlers with the name "Phiscus". Subsequently it fell under Lydian, Greek, and Roman rule until being absorbed into the Osman Empire in 1408. Now a leading holiday resort on the Turkish south coast, it can accommodate over 100,000 visitors at a time. Here: display of carpets before the "Silk Road" Emporium.
Keywords: tourist attraction, sunshine, Mediterranean resort, marina, holiday resort, Turkish carpet centre, sailing, yachting, oriental

PMR068K-27
Turkey: Marmaris goes back to almost 1000 BC when it was founded by Doric settlers with the name "Phiscus". Subsequently it fell under Lydian, Greek, and Roman rule until being absorbed into the Osman Empire in 1408. Now a leading holiday resort on the Turkish south coast, it can accommodate over 100,000 visitors at a time. Here: some of the larger yachts at their moorings, with anglers in the foreground.
Keywords: tourist attraction, sunshine, Mediterranean resort, marina, holiday resort, Turkish carpet centre, sailing, yachting, oriental

PMR068K-26
Turkey: Marmaris goes back to almost 1000 BC when it was founded by Doric settlers with the name "Phiscus". Subsequently it fell under Lydian, Greek, and Roman rule until being absorbed into the Osman Empire in 1408. Now a leading holiday resort on the Turkish south coast, it can accommodate over 100,000 visitors at a time. Here: view of the promenade, with a memorial (left) dedicated to the wives of the fishermen.
Keywords: tourist attraction, oriental, yachting, sailing, Turkish carpet centre, holiday resort, marina, Mediterranean resort, sunshine

PMR068K-25
Turkey, Marmaris goes back to almost 1000 BC when it was founded by Doric settlers with the name "Phiscus". Subsequently it fell under Lydian, Greek, and Roman rule until being absorbed into the Osman Empire in 1408. Now a leading holiday resort on the Turkish south coast, it can accommodate over 100,000 visitors at a time. Here: a footbridge between the beach and the yacht harbour, with small boats in the foreground.
Keywords: tourist attraction, oriental, yachting, sailing, Turkish carpet centre, holiday resort, marina, Mediterranean resort, sunshine

PMR068K-24
Turkey: Marmaris goes back to almost 1000 BC when it was founded by Doric settlers with the name "Phiscus". Subsequently it fell under Lydian, Greek, and Roman rule until being absorbed into the Osman Empire in 1408. Now a leading holiday resort on the Turkish south coast, it can accommodate over 100,000 visitors at a time. Here: part of the beach, with the yacht harbour in the background.
Keywords: tourist attraction, sunshine, Mediterranean resort, marina, holiday resort, Turkish carpet centre, sailing, yachting, oriental, sand, sunshades, sunbathing

PMR068K-23
Turkey: Marmaris goes back to almost 1000 BC when it was founded by Doric settlers with the name "Phiscus". Subsequently it fell under Lydian, Greek, and Roman rule until being absorbed into the Osman Empire in 1408. Now a leading holiday resort on the Turkish south coast, it can accommodate over 100,000 visitors at a time. Here: a line-up of some of the largest yachts which offer cruises to Antalya and back.
Keywords: tourist attraction, oriental, yachting, sailing, Turkish carpet centre, holiday resort, marina, Mediterranean resort, sunshine

PMR068K-05
Germany, Thuringia, Weimar: First mentioned in 975, Weimar reached its cultural zenith in the 18th century under Duchess Anna Amalia, when both Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Friedrich von Schiller among other writers, settled and worked here. Painters Lucas Cranach and Arnold Böcklin were also active here, as was composer Franz Liszt. Usually regarded as the home of German culture. Here: the "Römisches Haus" , erected 1892-7 for Duke Carl August, is furnished in Roman style.
Keywords: German heritage, Thuringia, European city of culture 1999, German architecture

PMR067K-28
Germany, Bavaria: Originally a Celtic colony (Radasbona) and then later a Roman settlement (Castra Regina), Regensburg boasts a wealth of historic buildings. It was named a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2006. Here: facade of the "Goliath House", an Italian-style fortified "tower-house" built by rich merchants.
Keywords: UNESCO World Heritage Site, German Architecture, Germen heritage

PMR067K-27
Germany, Bavaria: Originally a Celtic colony (Radasbona) and then later a Roman settlement (Castra Regina), Regensburg boasts a wealth of historic buildings. It was named a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2006. Here: 2 of the 16 arches of the old Stone Bridge spanning the Danube.
Keywords: UNESCO World Heritage Site, Germen heritage, German Architecture

PMR067K-26
Germany, Bavaria: Originally a Celtic colony (Radasbona) and then later a Roman settlement (Castra Regina), Regensburg boasts a wealth of historic buildings. It was named a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2006. Here: typical narrow, cobbled street in the old quarter, with open air restaurant tables.
Keywords: UNESCO World Heritage Site, German Architecture, Germen heritage

PMR067K-25
Germany, Bavaria: Originally a Celtic colony (Radasbona) and then later a Roman settlement (Castra Regina), Regensburg boasts a wealth of historic buildings. It was named a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2006. Here: the remaining towers of the Jakobstor (Jacob's Gate), formerly the main western entrance to the city.
Keywords: UNESCO World Heritage Site, German Architecture, Germen heritage

PMR067K-24
Germany, Bavaria: Originally a Celtic colony (Radasbona) and then later a Roman settlement (Castra Regina), Regensburg boasts a wealth of historic buildings. It was named a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2006. Here: fountain in Bismarck Platz with the Stadttheater on the far side.
Keywords: UNESCO World Heritage Site, Germen heritage, German Architecture

PMR067K-23
Germany, Bavaria: Originally a Celtic colony (Radasbona) and then later a Roman settlement (Castra Regina), Regensburg boasts a wealth of historic buildings. It was named a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2006. Here: a picturesque pavement cafe in the heart of the old town.
Keywords: UNESCO World Heritage Site, Germen heritage, German Architecture, Timberframe buildings

PMR067K-22
Germany, Bavaria: Originally a Celtic colony (Radasbona) and then later a Roman settlement (Castra Regina), Regensburg boasts a wealth of historic buildings. It was named a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2006. Here: the 14th century Brückenturm (Bridge-Tower) , beyond which begins the 12th century Old Stone Bridge over the Danube.
Keywords: UNESCO World Heritage Site, Germen heritage, German Architecture

PMR067K-21
Germany, Bavaria: Originally a Celtic colony (Radasbona) and then later a Roman settlement (Castra Regina), Regensburg boasts a wealth of historic buildings. It was named a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2006. Here: gabled house facades reflected in a backwater of the River Danube.
Keywords: UNESCO World Heritage Site, Germen heritage, German Architecture

PMR063K-21
Bulgaria, Plovdiv: The second century AD Roman Amphitheatre is still used for open air shows and operatic performances.

PMR063K-20
Bulgaria, Plovdiv: Djumaya Square: exposed part of the 2nd century AD Roman Stadium, former site of glladiator fights.

PMR063K-08
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, partially restored ruins of the palace of the first Bulgarian rulers on Tsarevets Hill.

PMR063K-07
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, Sveti Dimitar Solunski Church (12th century) in the Assen quarter.

PMR063K-04
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. The fortifications on Tsarevets Hill, built on Thracian/Byzantine foundations in the 12th and 13th centuries, showing the sole entrance through fortified gates to the hill-fortress, with the newly restored Patriarchal Church on the summit.

PMR063K-03
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. The fortifications on Tsarevets Hill, built on Thracian/Byzantine foundations in the 12th and 13th centuries. Here, Balduin's Tower, where Emperor Balduin of Flanders was imprisoned in 1205 for the rest of his life.

PMR063K-02
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, terraced buildings are reflected in the tree-lined waters of the River Yantra.

PMR063K-01
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, statue outside the entrance to to the museum of Arts.

PMR062K-36
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, view of the town from Borouna, the Museum of Arts, with red flowering tree in the foreground.

PMR062K-35
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, view of the town from Borouna, the Museum of Arts.

PMR062K-34
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, closer view of the houses built right on the edge of the cliff.

PMR062K-33
Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, houses in terraces, competing for space, from top to bottom of the steep slope.

PMR062K-32
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, monument to the Assen brothers, Peter and Ivan, founders of the 2nd Bulgarian Empire in 1185.

PMR062K-29
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, monument to the Assen brothers, Peter and Ivan, founders of the 2nd Bulgarian Empire in 1185.

PMR062K-28
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, Hotel-Mexana Gurko in Gurko Street.

PMR062K-27
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, Gurko Street: houses from Ottoman times, overhanging the street.

PMR062K-26
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, Gurko Street: houses from Ottoman times, overhanging the street.

PMR062K-25
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, a profusion of houses in mounting terraces bewilders the eye: view from Xadji Dimitar Street.

PMR062K-24
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, newly renovated houses and hotels in Xadji Dimitar Street.

PMR062K-23
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, "Nezavisimost", a street of fashionable shops, with prices approaching those in the west.

PMR062K-22
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, "the house with the monkey", built in1849 by Kolyo Fitcheto.

PMR062K-21
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, an old wooden balcony, overgrown with vines, in Reservoarska.

PMR062K-20
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, G. Kurkov Square in the old town, with newly renovated traditional houses.

PMR062K-19
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, Reservoarska, a street in the old quarter.

PMR062K-18
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here Bulgarian girls in traditional brightly coloured costumes.

PMR062K-17
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. View of the town through the main, arched entry gate.

PMR062K-16
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. The fortifications on Tsarevets Hill, built on Thracian/Byzantine foundations in the 12th and 13th centuries, showing the sole point of entry, and the entry gates from the town.

PMR062K-15
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. The fortifications on Tsarevets Hill, built on Thracian/Byzantine foundations in the 12th and 13th centuries, with the recently rebuilt Patriarchal Church on the summit.

PMR062K-14
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Sveti Dimitar Solunski Church (12th century) with Turkish-style houses facing the river.

PMR062K-13
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. The fortifications on Tsarevets Hill, built on Thracian/Byzantine foundations in the 12th and 13th centuries. In the background the rocky escarpment beyond the town.

PMR062K-12
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. The fortifications on Tsarevets Hill, built on Thracian/Byzantine foundations in the 12th and 13th centuries.

PMR062K-11
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, 13/14th century frescoes depicting the Patriarchs in the Church of Saints Peter and Paul.

PMR062K-10
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, 13/14th century frescoes (of St. Peter and Paul) in the Church of Saints Peter and Paul.

PMR062K-09
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, 13/14th century frescoes in the Church of Saints Peter and Paul.

PMR062K-08
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, 13/14th century frescoes in the Church of Saints Peter and Paul.

PMR062K-06
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, the Assen quarter, with footbridge over the River Yantra, and the newly renovated Sveti Dimitar Solunski Church behind.

PMR062K-05
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, the new Hotel-Mechana Perla at Arbanassi, a suburb of Veliko Tarnovo.

PMR062K-04
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187. The site was previously used by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came, and is virtually surrounded by a loop of the River Yantra. Here, first sight of the town, with the Museum of Arts (right) and surrounding terraces of houses.

PMR061K-24
Bulgaria, Varna: The Roman baths of Odessos, dating from the second century AD. Here, the latrina (toilets).

PMR061K-11
Romania, Northern Dobruja, Constanta: Remains of the third-century Roman wall and one of the gates in the centre of Constanta.

PMR061K-06
Romania, Northern Dobruja, Constanta: The History and Archeological Museum, and some of the collection of Roman sarcophagi displayed in the open air.

PMR061K-05
Romania, Northern Dobruja, Constanta: Statue of the poet Publius Ovidius Naso (Ovid), exiled to Constanta from 8 to 17 AD.
Keywords: Roman poets

PMR545-5
Baile Herculane ("Baths of Hercules"): used and named by the Romans, these mineral springs formed the basis of a spa developed by the Austrians at the beginning of the 19th century. Here: the Hercules Fountain in the main street, with the Catholic church in the background.
Keywords: spa town, health spa, mineral baths

PMR545-4
Baile Herculane ("Baths of Hercules"): used and named by the Romans, these mineral springs formed the basis of a spa developed by the Austrians at the beginning of the 19th century. Here: view of the cast-iron bridge over the River Cerna and communal rooms. The government is endeavouring to revive the popularity of the spa town.
Keywords: spa town, health spa, mineral baths

PMR545-3
Baile Herculane ("Baths of Hercules"): used and named by the Romans, these mineral springs formed the basis of a spa developed by the Austrians at the beginning of the 19th century. Here: view of the cast-iron bridge over the River Cerna with baths and communal rooms. The government is endeavouring to revive the popularity of the spa town.
Keywords: spa town, health spa, mineral baths

PMR685-09
England, Somerset, Wells: the cathedral, reflected in the pool fed by the subterranian wells which were known in Roman times.
Keywords: architecture, Gothic, heritage, mediaeval, Early English, mineral wells, spring water

PMR685-08
England, Somerset, Wells: the cathedral, building of which began in 1175 and continued after its consecration in 1239. It has retained a large part of its Early English architecture in addition to the later Gothic. The first church was built here in 705, but the adjacent mineral "wells" were in use in Roman times.
Keywords: architecture, Gothic, heritage, mediaeval, Early English, mineral wells, spring water

PMR668-04
Germany, Berlin: St. Hedwig's Cathedral (1747-73) built to emulate the Roman Pantheon.
Keywords: East Germany, Neo Classical architecture, metropolis, national heritage, historic, architecture, Baroque, picturesque, capital city

PMR639-11
Macedonia, Skopje: devastated by earthquake on 26th July 1963, the capital city has been largely rebuilt. Here:a few kilometres from the present city centre lie the ruins of the Roman town of Skupi, antecedent of Skopje, which was completely wiped out by an earthquake in 518 AD.
Keywords: national heritage, Roman ruins, excavations, archeological site

PMR639-02
Albania, Berat: Ottoman houses mounting the hillside give the town its pseudonym "town of a thousand windows". In the 6th century BC it was a Greek fortress-settlement of the Dassaretae tribe, later the Illyrian town of "Antipatrea", and then taken by the Romans in the 2nd century BC. View of the modern town from the Kala (citadel) whose walls go back to Roman and Byzantine times.
Keywords: Shqiperia, mediaeval, picturesque, national heritage, historic town, Turkish houses, architecture

PMR639-01
Albania, Berat: Ottoman houses mounting the hillside give the town its pseudonym "town of a thousand windows". In the 6th century BC it was a Greek fortress-settlement of the Dassaretae tribe, later the Illyrian town of "Antipatrea", and then taken by the Romans in the 2nd century BC.
Keywords: Shqiperia, mediaeval, picturesque, national heritage, historic town, Turkish houses, architecture

PMR638-12
Albania, Berat: Ottoman houses mounting the hillside give the town its pseudonym "town of a thousand windows". In the 6th century BC it was a Greek fortress-settlement of the Dassaretae tribe, later the Illyrian town of "Antipatrea", and then taken by the Romans in the 2nd century BC.
Keywords: Shqiperia, mediaeval, picturesque, national heritage, historic town, Turkish houses, architecture

PMR638-09
Montenegro: Kotor, a UNESCO World Heritage site, has a history going back to Roman times when it was known as Acruvium. The massive bastion (Kampana Tower and Citadel) and wall on the north side of the old town (Stari Grad) flanking the River Skurda, date back to the 13th century.
Keywords: picturesque, port, historic city, bastions, ramparts, fortifications, fortress, national heritage, mediaeval

PMR638-08
Montenegro: Kotor, a UNESCO World Heritage site, has a history going back to Roman times when it was known as Acruvium. High above the town, the 17th century church of Our Lady of the Remedy (Crkva Gospa od zdravlja) commands a fine view of the Gulf of Kotor.
Keywords: picturesque, port, historic city, bastions, ramparts, fortifications, fortress, national heritage, mediaeval

PMR638-07
Montenegro: Kotor, a UNESCO World Heritage site, has a history going back to Roman times when it was known as Acruvium. Bird's eye view of the jetty and part of the old town (Stari Grad), from Castel St. John, 260 metres above the city.
Keywords: picturesque, port, historic city, bastions, ramparts, fortifications, fortress, national heritage, mediaeval

PMR638-06
Montenegro: Kotor, a UNESCO World Heritage site, has a history going back to Roman times when it was known as Acruvium. View of the promenade and gulf from the Castel St. John, an Illyrian fort 260 metres above the city; with Two-tailed Pasha butterfly (Charaxes jasius) near the Montenegro flag.
Keywords: picturesque, mediaeval, national heritage, fortress, fortifications, ramparts, bastions, historic city, port

PMR638-05
Montenegro: Kotor, a UNESCO World Heritage site, has a history going back to Roman times when it was known as Acruvium. View of the gulf from the Roko fortification showing the old water conduits which fed the cisterns.
Keywords: picturesque, mediaeval, national heritage, fortress, fortifications, ramparts, bastions, historic city, port

PMR638-04
Montenegro: Kotor, a UNESCO World Heritage site, has a history going back to Roman times when it was known as Acruvium. The recently completed promenade, planted with ornamental trees, and jetty for small craft.
Keywords: picturesque, mediaeval, national heritage, fortress, fortifications, ramparts, bastions, historic city, port

PMR638-03
Montenegro: Kotor, a UNESCO World Heritage site, has a history going back to Roman times when it was known as Acruvium. View of the old town (Stari Grad) at the foot of Mount Lovcen.
Keywords: picturesque, mediaeval, national heritage, fortress, fortifications, ramparts, bastions, historic city, port

PMR638-02
Montenegro: Kotor, a UNESCO World Heritage site, has a history going back to Roman times when it was known as Acruvium. View of the town on the Gulf of Kotor (Boka Kotoska), surrounded by precipitous mountains, from the Cetinje road.
Keywords: picturesque, port, historic city, bastions, ramparts, fortifications, fortress, national heritage, mediaeval

PMR636-08
Croatia, Dalmatia, Solin: ruins of the ancient town of Salona, capital of the Roman province of Dalmatia, inhabited until 614 AD when it was taken by barbarians. Here: octagonal baptistery with the font reconstructed in brickwork.
Keywords: Roman ruins, Roman architecture, archeology, excavations, historic, national heritage

PMR636-07
Croatia, Dalmatia, Solin: ruins of the ancient town of Salona, capital of the Roman province of Dalmatia, inhabited until 614 AD when it was taken by barbarians. Here: part of the town's public baths (thermae).
Keywords: Roman ruins, Roman architecture, archeology, excavations, historic, national heritage

PMR636-06
Croatia, Dalmatia, Solin: ruins of the ancient town of Salona, capital of the Roman province of Dalmatia, inhabited until 614 AD when it was taken by barbarians. Remains of the town's first-century east gate, Porta Caesarea, with wagon wheel tracks in the paving clearly to be seen.
Keywords: Roman ruins, Roman architecture, archeology, excavations, historic, national heritage

PMR636-05
Croatia, Dalmatia, Split: Diocletian's Palace, built by the Roman Emperor between 295 and 305 AD in a square format with side walls of about 200 metres. Most of the walls and substantial parts of the inner constructions have been preserved. The north wall and gate of the palace have survived largely unchanged.
Keywords: national heritage, historic town, picturesque, mediaeval, Roman architecture

PMR636-04
Croatia, Dalmatia, Split: Diocletian's Palace, built by the Roman Emperor between 295 and 305 AD in a square format with side walls of about 200 metres. Most of the walls and substantial parts of the inner constructions have been preserved. The statue of Gregorius of Nin, a 10th century Slavic religious leader, standing outside the north gate of the palace, was created by Ivan Mestrovic in 1929.
Keywords: national heritage, historic town, picturesque, mediaeval, Roman architecture, monuments

PMR636-03
Croatia, Dalmatia, Split: Diocletian's Palace, built by the Roman Emperor between 295 and 305 AD in a square format with side walls of about 200 metres. Most of the walls and substantial parts of the inner constructions have been preserved. The octagonal Cathedral of St. Domnius was built as his mausoleum by Diocletian, but turned into a catholic cathedral in the 7th century. It is 24 metres high and the walls are 2.75 metres thick. The Romanesque-Gothic belltower was added in the 13th century, but had to be rebuilt between 1890-1906 due to erosion.
Keywords: national heritage, historic town, picturesque, mediaeval, Roman architecture, Romanesque architecture

PMR636-02
Croatia, Dalmatia, Split: Diocletian's Palace, built by the Roman Emperor between 295 and 305 AD in a square format with side walls of about 200 metres. Most of the walls and substantial parts of the inner constructions have been preserved. Here: the south wall, with a bronze model of the area today, in the foreground.
Keywords: national heritage, historic town, picturesque, mediaeval, Roman architecture

PMR631-09
Tunisia, Dougga: the old Roman city of Thugga, the best preserved in north Africa, probably built on the site of an existing Numidian city about 105 BC. A UNESCO World Cultural Heritage site. The Forum (Marketplace), laid out between 14 and 37 AD, was surrounded on three sides by a columned portico. In the foreground a commemorative tablet by the entrance.
Keywords: architecture, archeology, ruined city, historic, heritage, Maghreb

PMR631-08
Tunisia, Dougga: the old Roman city of Thugga, the best preserved in north Africa, probably built on the site of an existing Numidian city about 105 BC. A UNESCO World Cultural Heritage site. The well preserved Capitol, Temple of Jupiter, Juno and Minerva, built 166-7 AD. In the Tympanum is a relief showing an eagle raising the fugure of a man.
Keywords: architecture, heritage, historic, ruined city

PMR631-07
Tunisia, Dougga: the old Roman city of Thugga, the best preserved in north Africa, probably built on the site of an existing Numidian city about 105 BC. A UNESCO World Cultural Heritage site. Here: a pair of Dolmen graves from pre-Roman times.
Keywords: architecture, historic, heritage

PMR631-06
Tunisia, Dougga: the old Roman city of Thugga, the best preserved in north Africa, probably built on the site of an existing Numidian city about 105 BC. A UNESCO World Cultural Heritage site. The sparse remains of a Minerva Temple, built between 138 and 161 AD. Beyond, the cultivated plains, with olive groves.
Keywords: architecture, heritage, historic, ruined city

PMR631-05
Tunisia: Dougga: the old Roman city of Thugga, the best preserved in north Africa, probably built on the site of an existing Numidian city about 105 BC. A UNESCO World Cultural Heritage site. View of the Juno Caelestis Temple, founded between 222 and 235 AD by Julius Gabinius, and half surrounded by a crescent-shaped wall.
Keywords: architecture, ruined city, historic, heritage, Maghreb

PMR630-10
Tunisia: Tamerza, a Berber village oasis on the site of the former Roman military outpost, Ad Turres: stalls selling local wares. In a nearby gorge an 8-metre-high waterfall astounds visitors.
Keywords: Muslim, Islam, heritage, historic, Mohamed

PMR630-09
Tunisia: Chebika, an abandoned Berber oasis village on the site of the former Roman military outpost, Ad Speculum, lies on the slope of the Jebel en Negueb (Red Mountains), on the edge of the desert, about five kilometres from the Algerian border. Here: view of the date palms which are still cultivated and harvested by the villagers, whose property they are.
Keywords: Muslim, Mohamed, historic, heritage, Islam

PMR630-08
Tunisia: Chebika, an abandoned Berber oasis village on the site of the former Roman military outpost, Ad Speculum, lies on the slope of the Jebel en Negueb (Red Mountains), on the edge of the desert, about five kilometres from the Algerian border. Here: view of the surrounding barren landscape.
Keywords: Muslim, Islam, heritage, historic, Mohamed

PMR629-08
Germany, Hessen, Lorsch: the Carolingian "Torhalle" or "King's Hall" (ca. 800 AD) is the only complete building which remains of the great abbey, founded in 774. The facade is decorated with sandstone marquetry in red and white, and the column capitals are probably Roman (UNESCO World Cultural Heritage site)
Keywords: architecture, heritage, historic

PMR351-12
Belgium, Bruges: Procession of the Holy Blood on Ascension Day: Roman legionaires pulling a float bearing a venerated wooden carving of Jesus as "the man of pain".
Keywords: Brügge, tradition, architecture, heritage, mediaeval, historic, Catholic, Christian, church

PMR351-11
Belgium, Bruges: Procession of the Holy Blood on Ascension Day: Roman soldiers pull a float carrying Pontius Pilate and his tribunal.
Keywords: Brügge, tradition, architecture, heritage, mediaeval, historic, Catholic, Christian, church

PMR624-07
Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: tiered stone seating in the Odeon, the concert and meeting hall, showing the orchestra and rear of the facade.
Keywords: Greek ruins, towns of antiquity, excavations, archeology, Lycians, Graeco-Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman ruins, Roman ruins

PMR624-06
Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: the "State Agora", with three arched doorways on the north side leading into the Odeon, the concert and meeting hall.
Keywords: Greek ruins, towns of antiquity, excavations, archeology, Lycians, Graeco-Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman ruins, Roman ruins

PMR624-05
Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: the "State Agora" with retaining walls - the southern wall has collapsed into the valley.
Keywords: Greek ruins, Roman ruins, Graeco-Roman ruins, Graeco-Roman architecture, Lycians, archeology, excavations, towns of antiquity

PMR624-04
Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: stairway leading to the "State Agora" from the gymnasium and baths complex.
Keywords: Greek ruins, Roman ruins, Graeco-Roman ruins, Graeco-Roman architecture, Lycians, archeology, excavations, towns of antiquity

PMR624-03
Turkey, Lycia, Arykanda: The ancient city of Arykanda or Arykandos which may date back to the 20th century BC, disappeared from the map of the known world after the Graeco-Roman inhabitants left, until rediscovered by Charles Fellows in 1838. Since then many Graeco-Roman remains have come to light. Situated on the side of a steep, rocky hill, Arykanda was easy to defend, and required no extensive fortifications. Here: facade wall of the Graeco-Roman gymnasium and baths complex on a lower terrace.
Keywords: Greek ruins, Roman ruins, Graeco-Roman ruins, Graeco-Roman architecture, Lycians, archeology, excavations, towns of antiquity

PMR624-02
Turkey, Lycia, Myra: The ancient city of Myra, founded in the 5th century BC, was the leading city of Lycia. The principal interest today is the collection of rock tombs, built into the cliffs, with elaborate temple-like facades, dating from the 4th century BC. All the tombs have been plundered and many were used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Myra was a flourishing city under the Romans, as evidenced by the substantial Roman theatre. Here: a lintel stone with carved masks, removed from the theatre, with numerous rock tombs in the cliff behind.
Keywords: rock burials, excavations, archeology, Lycians, caves, Roman architecture

PMR624-01
Turkey, Lycia, Myra: The ancient city of Myra, founded in the 5th century BC, was the leading city of Lycia. The principal interest today is the collection of rock tombs, built into the cliffs, with elaborate temple-like facades, dating from the 4th century BC. All the tombs have been plundered and many were used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Myra was a flourishing city under the Romans, as evidenced by the substantial Roman theatre. Here: the vaulted entrance to the Roman amphitheatre, which was built into the cliff, adjacent to the rock tombs.
Keywords: rock burials, excavations, archeology, Lycians, caves, Roman architecture

PMR623-12
Turkey, Lycia, Myra: The ancient city of Myra, founded in the 5th century BC, was the leading city of Lycia. The principal interest today is the collection of rock tombs, built into the cliffs, with elaborate temple-like facades, dating from the 4th century BC. All the tombs have been plundered and many were used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Myra was a flourishing city under the Romans, as evidenced by the substantial Roman theatre. Here: general view of the rock tombs, with some standing as independent buildings.
Keywords: rock burials, Roman architecture, caves, Lycians, archeology, excavations

PMR623-11
Turkey, Lycia, Myra: The ancient city of Myra, founded in the 5th century BC, was the leading city of Lycia. The principal interest today is the collection of rock tombs, built into the cliffs, with elaborate temple-like facades, dating from the 4th century BC. All the tombs have been plundered and many were used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Myra was a flourishing city under the Romans, as evidenced by the substantial Roman theatre. Here: a closer view of a plundered tomb, showing the stone imitation-log roof used as decoration.
Keywords: rock burials, excavations, archeology, Lycians, caves, Roman architecture

PMR623-10
Turkey, Lycia, Myra: The ancient city of Myra, founded in the 5th century BC, was the leading city of Lycia. The principal interest today is the collection of rock tombs, built into the cliffs, with elaborate temple-like facades, dating from the 4th century BC. All the tombs have been plundered and many were used as dwellings in Byzantine times. Myra was a flourishing city under the Romans, as evidenced by the substantial Roman theatre. Here: general view of cliff where the majority of tombs are to be found.
Keywords: rock burials, excavations, archeology, Lycians, caves, Roman architecture

PMR623-01
Turkey, Lycia, Kalkan: A well-preserved section of a Roman aqueduct on a hill crest above the Bay of Firnaz, south of Yesiliköy, 230 metres long, 3 metres wide, and 9 metres high, which carried water under pressure in a 33cm. bore stone pipeline for 35 kilometres to Patara from a spring near (today's) Islamlar.
Keywords: water supplies, Roman building, water supply in antiquity

PMR622-10
Turkey, Lycia, Patara: Already settled in the 7th century BC, the ancient site of Patara became one of the leading Lycian cities under the Romans, thanks to its flourishing harbour. When the battle against the sand was finally lost and the harbour silted up about 800 years ago, the city was abandoned. In recent years significant Roman building works have been freed from the sand. Here: the almost perfectly preserved Arch of Metius Modestus (AD 100) used to guard the entrance to the city.
Keywords: Roman remains, Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman remains, archeological excavations, cities of antiquity

PMR622-09
Turkey, Lycia, Patara: Already settled in the 7th century BC, the ancient site of Patara became one of the leading Lycian cities under the Romans, thanks to its flourishing harbour. When the battle against the sand was finally lost and the harbour silted up about 800 years ago, the city was abandoned. In recent years significant Roman building works have been freed from the sand. Here: this is believed to be the remains of a well known Roman lighthouse, mentioned a number of times in written histories. Reconstruction is planned.
Keywords: Roman remains, Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman remains, archeological excavations, cities of antiquity

PMR622-08
Turkey, Lycia, Patara: Already settled in the 7th century BC, the ancient site of Patara became one of the leading Lycian cities under the Romans, thanks to its flourishing harbour. When the battle against the sand was finally lost and the harbour silted up about 800 years ago, the city was abandoned. In recent years significant Roman building works have been freed from the sand. Here: Partial view of the stage and orchestra of the well preserved Roman amphitheatre.
Keywords: Roman remains, Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman remains, archeological excavations, cities of antiquity

PMR622-07
Turkey, Lycia, Patara: Already settled in the 7th century BC, the ancient site of Patara became one of the leading Lycian cities under the Romans, thanks to its flourishing harbour. When the battle against the sand was finally lost and the harbour silted up about 800 years ago, the city was abandoned. In recent years significant Roman building works have been freed from the sand. Here: Partial view of the seating rows of the well preserved Roman amphitheatre.
Keywords: Roman remains, Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman remains, archeological excavations, cities of antiquity

PMR622-06
Turkey, Lycia, Patara: Ancient rock tombs, carved out of the cliffs by Lycians. The largest, the Tomb of Amyntas, in the style of a Greek Ionic temple, dates back to the 4th century BC. All have been plundered and many used as dwellings in Byzantine times.
Keywords: Roman remains, Roman architecture, Graeco-Roman remains, archeological excavations, cities of antiquity

PMR621-10
Germany, Thuringia, Erfurt: St Boniface created the first bishopric in Erfurt in 742 AD, since when the city has been a centre of trade and commerce, being incorporated into the Hanseatic League in the 15th century. Known as the centre of German humanism, Martin Luther studied and preached here 1505-11. Here: "Kunsthalle", a patrician house with Renaissance facade, known as the "Haus zum Roten Ochsen" (1562), with St. Martin, dressed as a Roman legionnaire, on his ornate column.
Keywords: mediaeval city, German heritage, historic buildings, Lutherism, protestantism, mediaeval architecture

PMR619-11
Germany, Upper Bavaria, Regensburg: Originally a Celtic colony (Radasbona) and then later a Roman settlement (Castra Regina), Regensburg boasts a wealth of historic buildings. Pictureque pavement cafe in the heart of the old city.
Keywords: UNESCO World Heritage Site, German Architecture, Boulevard cafe, Timberframe buildings

PMR615-03
Bulgaria, Sofia: Sveti Georgi Church in the form of a rotunda, dates back to the 4th century, when it was built on the site of a Roman temple, now finds itself in the inner court of the Sheraton Balkan Hotel. In the foreground are the foundations of two 13/14th century houses.
Keywords: religious building, Orthodox church, early Christian

PMR614-07
Bulgaria: Plovdiv received international acclaim for its painstaking restoration of the old Turkish-style houses in the old quarter. Here: the large, cut stone blocks on Vitosha Street were part of the acropolis wall built by the Romans ca. 170 AD.
Keywords: Roman remains

PMR613-12
Bulgaria: Plovdiv received international acclaim for its painstaking restoration of the old Turkish-style houses in the old quarter. Roman remains (left) in Vitosha Street, with part of the beautifully restored Balabanov House (right), the interior with original furniture, and open to the public.
Keywords: Turkish-style architecture, cobbled streets

PMR613-06
Bulgaria, Plovdiv: The Roman amphitheatre from the second century AD is still used for open air filmshows and operatic performances. The stage and orchestra with a wonderful view over the city behind.
Keywords: Roman remains, stone seating

PMR612-12
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, situated on a rocky hill within a loop of the River Yantra, was the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187, after the foundation of the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185-1393) by the Assen Brothers, Peter and Ivan. The site was previously occupied by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came in the 12 th century. Here: partially restored ruins of the palace of the Bulgarian rulers on Tsarevets Hill, originally extending to 6000 square metres.
Keywords: historical site, archeological excavations, ruined fortifications, defence towers, battlements, fortifications, Bulgarian heritage, archeological site

PMR612-11
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, situated on a rocky hill within a loop of the River Yantra, was the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187, after the foundation of the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185-1393) by the Assen Brothers, Peter and Ivan. The site was previously occupied by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came in the 12 th century. Here: view of the fortifications on the west side of Tsarevets Hill and the rock escarpments surrounding the town.
Keywords: historical site, archeological site, Bulgarian heritage, fortifications, battlements, defence towers, ruined fortifications, archeological excavations

PMR612-10
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, situated on a rocky hill within a loop of the River Yantra, was the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187, after the foundation of the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185-1393) by the Assen Brothers, Peter and Ivan. The site was previously occupied by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came in the 12 th century. Here: view of the Assen Quarter, with its bridges over the River Yantra and numerous old churches. In the foreground stands the Church of the 40 Martyrs, currently under restoration (2005).
Keywords: historical site, archeological site, Bulgarian heritage, fortifications, battlements, defence towers, ruined fortifications, archeological excavations

PMR612-09
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, situated on a rocky hill within a loop of the River Yantra, was the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187, after the foundation of the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185-1393) by the Assen Brothers, Peter and Ivan. The site was previously occupied by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came in the 12 th century. Here: the sole entry to the fortified Tsarevets Hill, along a narrow ridge and through several fortified gateways.
Keywords: historical site, archeological site, Bulgarian heritage, fortifications, battlements, defence towers, ruined fortifications, archeological excavations

PMR612-08
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, situated on a rocky hill within a loop of the River Yantra, was the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187, after the foundation of the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185-1393) by the Assen Brothers, Peter and Ivan. The site was previously occupied by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came in the 12 th century. Antique shops in Georgi C. Rakovski Street, built in the traditional Turkish style with tiled fronts.
Keywords: historical site, archeological site, Bulgarian heritage, fortifications, battlements, defence towers, ruined fortifications, archeological excavations

PMR612-07
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, situated on a rocky hill within a loop of the River Yantra, was the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187, after the foundation of the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185-1393) by the Assen Brothers, Peter and Ivan. The site was previously occupied by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came in the 12 th century. Here: Georgi C. Rakovski Street, with its Turkish-style, tiled frontages, is now a pedestrian zone with many souvenir shops.
Keywords: historical site, archeological site, Bulgarian heritage, fortifications, battlements, defence towers, ruined fortifications, archeological excavations

PMR612-06
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, situated on a rocky hill within a loop of the River Yantra, was the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187, after the foundation of the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185-1393) by the Assen Brothers, Peter and Ivan. The site was previously occupied by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came in the 12 th century. Here: houses in the old quarter of the town, perched in terraces on the lip of the gorge.
Keywords: historical site, archeological site, Bulgarian heritage, fortifications, battlements, defence towers, ruined fortifications, archeological excavations

PMR612-05
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, situated on a rocky hill within a loop of the River Yantra, was the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187, after the foundation of the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185-1393) by the Assen Brothers, Peter and Ivan. The site was previously occupied by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came in the 12 th century. Here: monument to the Assen Brothers.
Keywords: historical site, archeological site, Bulgarian heritage, fortifications, battlements, defence towers, ruined fortifications, archeological excavations

PMR612-04
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, situated on a rocky hill within a loop of the River Yantra, was the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187, after the foundation of the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185-1393) by the Assen Brothers, Peter and Ivan. The site was previously occupied by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came in the 12 th century. Here: the main north-south arterial road tunnels under the town.
Keywords: historical site, archeological site, Bulgarian heritage, fortifications, battlements, defence towers, ruined fortifications, archeological excavations

PMR612-03
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, situated on a rocky hill within a loop of the River Yantra, was the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187, after the foundation of the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185-1393) by the Assen Brothers, Peter and Ivan. The site was previously occupied by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came in the 12 th century. Here:Gurko Street, in the old quarter, with Gurko Hotel-Mechana (near the yellow taxi).
Keywords: historical site, archeological site, Bulgarian heritage, fortifications, battlements, defence towers, ruined fortifications, archeological excavations

PMR612-02
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, situated on a rocky hill within a loop of the River Yantra, was the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187, after the foundation of the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185-1393) by the Assen Brothers, Peter and Ivan. The site was previously occupied by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came in the 12 th century. Here: part of the town, showing the River Yantra, the main road, and the fortification wall.
Keywords: historical site, archeological site, Bulgarian heritage, fortifications, battlements, defence towers, ruined fortifications, archeological excavations

PMR612-01
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, situated on a rocky hill within a loop of the River Yantra, was the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187, after the foundation of the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185-1393) by the Assen Brothers, Peter and Ivan. The site was previously occupied by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came in the 12 th century. Here: fortifications on Tsarevets Hill, with recently rebuilt Patriarchal Church on the summit.
Keywords: historical site, archeological site, Bulgarian heritage, fortifications, battlements, defence towers, ruined fortifications, archeological excavations

PMR611-12
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, situated on a rocky hill within a loop of the River Yantra, was the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187, after the foundation of the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185-1393) by the Assen Brothers, Peter and Ivan. The site was previously occupied by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came in the 12 th century. Here: view of the town from the fortifications on Tsarevets Hill, with a defence tower and a surviving Ionic column in the foreground.
Keywords: historical site, archeological excavations, ruined fortifications, defence towers, battlements, fortifications, Bulgarian heritage, archeological site

PMR611-11
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, situated on a rocky hill within a loop of the River Yantra, was the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187, after the foundation of the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185-1393) by the Assen Brothers, Peter and Ivan. The site was previously occupied by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came in the 12 th century. Here: "Execution Rock" ("Lobna skala") where condemned prisoners were forced to jump to their deaths.
Keywords: historical site, archeological site, Bulgarian heritage, fortifications, battlements, defence towers, ruined fortifications, archeological excavations

PMR611-10
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, situated on a rocky hill within a loop of the River Yantra, was the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187, after the foundation of the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185-1393) by the Assen Brothers, Peter and Ivan. The site was previously occupied by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came in the 12 th century. Here: view of a fortified tower and wall, with remaining foundations of dwellings (right), and showing the rock escarpment which surrounds the town.
Keywords: historical site, archeological site, Bulgarian heritage, fortifications, battlements, defence towers, ruined fortifications, archeological excavations

PMR611-09
Bulgaria: Veliko Tarnovo, situated on a rocky hill within a loop of the River Yantra, was the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187, after the foundation of the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185-1393) by the Assen Brothers, Peter and Ivan. The site was previously occupied by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came in the 12 th century. Here: the Assen Quarter (the oldest part of the town) and road bridge over the River Yantra, seen from the fortifications on Tsarevets Hill, with a reconstructed watch-tower in the foreground.
Keywords: historical site, archeological site, Bulgarian heritage, fortifications, battlements, defence towers, ruined fortifications, archeological excavations

PMR611-08
Bulgara: Veliko Tarnovo, situated on a rocky hill within a loop of the River Yantra, was the first capital of Bulgaria from 1187, after the foundation of the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185-1393) by the Assen Brothers, Peter and Ivan. The site was previously occupied by the Thracians and then the Romans before the Bulgarians came in the 12 th century. Here: view of the Assen Quarter (the oldest part of the town) and the foot-bridge opver the River Yantra.
Keywords: historical site, archeological site, Bulgarian heritage, fortifications, battlements, defence towers, ruined fortifications, archeological excavations

PMR611-05
Bulgaria: Varna, one of Europe's oldest cities, was founded as a trading colony of Greek Miletus in 570 BC, but the area has been settled for at least seven millennia. Under the Greeks and Romans it was known as Odessos. Now a thriving holiday resort on the Black Sea with a population of over 350,000. Here: ruins of the Roman baths (Thermae) built during the second century AD, and said to be the fourth largest Roman baths in Europe.
Keywords: Roman ruins, archeological site, archeological excavations

PMR611-04
Bulgaria: Varna, one of Europe's oldest cities, was founded as a trading colony of Greek Miletus in 570 BC, but the area has been settled for at least seven millennia. Under the Greeks and Romans it was known as Odessos. Now a thriving holiday resort on the Black Sea with a population of over 350,000. Here: part of the Marine Park, 8 kilometres long, containing 50 types of tree, which offers shady walks during the hot summers.
Keywords: gardens, flower beds, formal gardens, quiet refuge

PMR611-03
Bulgaria: Varna, one of Europe's oldest cities, was founded as a trading colony of Greek Miletus in 570 BC, but the area has been settled for at least seven millennia. Under the Greeks and Romans it was known as Odessos. Now a thriving holiday resort on the Black Sea with a population of over 350,000. Here: a striking modern church.
Keywords: religious building, Christian, modern architecture, religious architecture, cross, park

PMR611-02
Bulgaria: Varna, one of Europe's oldest cities, was founded as a trading colony of Greek Miletus in 570 BC, but the area has been settled for at least seven millennia. Under the Greeks and Romans it was known as Odessos. Now a thriving holiday resort on the Black Sea with a population of over 350,000. Here the Drama Theatre, and an old belltower dating from 1880.
Keywords: Theatre architecture, stage productions, arboreal

PMR611-01
Bulgaria: Varna, one of Europe's oldest cities, was founded as a trading colony of Greek Miletus in 570 BC, but the area has been settled for at least seven millennia. Under the Greeks and Romans it was known as Odessos. Now a thriving holiday resort on the Black Sea with a population of over 350,000. Here: "Kathedrale Sveto uspenie Bogoroditchno" built in 1886 in Russian style in honour of the Russian liberators of the country.
Keywords: cathedral, golden onion domes, Byzantine, Orthodox church, religious architecture, church, cross

PMR610-12
Romania, N. Dobruja: Constanta, founded about 500 BC, was known in Greek and Roman times as "Tomis" or "Tomi". It is now Romania's chief port on the Black Sea, and a number of tourist resorts have been developed on the adjacent fine beaches. Here: the striking French-style Art-Nouveau Casino designed by the Romanian architect Daniel Renard in 1909 on the seafront.
Keywords: modern architecture, betting, gambling, Romanian architecture

PMR610-11
Romania, N. Dobruja: Constanta, founded about 500 BC, was known in Greek and Roman times as "Tomis" or "Tomi". It is now Romania's chief port on the Black Sea, and a number of tourist resorts have been developed on the adjacent fine beaches. Here: the Ovid Theatre (Oleg Danovski National Theatre of Opera and Ballet).
Keywords: Romanian architecture, theatre architecture, cultural centre, stage presentations

PMR610-10
Romania, N. Dobruja: Constanta, founded about 500 BC, was known in Greek and Roman times as "Tomis" or "Tomi". It is now Romania's chief port on the Black Sea, and a number of tourist resorts have been developed on the adjacent fine beaches. Here: "Fall from the pedestal" (1999, sculptor: Dimitrie Cusa). "The monument ridicules the Constanta revolutionaries and the municipal town hall on the occasion of the 19th anniversary of the Romanian revolution in 1989".
Keywords: sculpture, plastic arts, burlesque, scoffing, mockery, monument

PMR610-09
Romania, N. Dobruja: Constanta, founded about 500 BC, was known in Greek and Roman times as "Tomis" or "Tomi". It is now Romania's chief port on the Black Sea, and a number of tourist resorts have been developed on the adjacent fine beaches. Here: view of the docks and town from the minaret of the Mahmudiye mosque.
Keywords: quayside, freight, boats, ships, export/import, cranes

PMR610-08
Romania, N. Dobruja: Constanta, founded about 500 BC, was known in Greek and Roman times as "Tomis" or "Tomi". It is now Romania's chief port on the Black Sea, and a number of tourist resorts have been developed on the adjacent fine beaches. Here: the History and Archeological Museum displays important Roman statues and other remains found in the vicinity. Statue of the poet Publius Ovidius Naso (Ovid) (right) who was exiled to Constanta from 8 to 17 AD.
Keywords: Romanian architecture, monument

PMR600-11
Spain, Segovia: the Roman aqueduct, 728 metres long and 28 metres high, is still functioning.
Keywords: Roman architecture, aqueduct

PMR600-04
Spain, La Coruna/Corunna: Torre (Tower) de Hercules, built by the Romans in the 2nd century AD, is the oldest lighthouse in the world. Restored in 1791 by Eustaquio Giannini.
Keywords: Roman architecture, lighthouse

PMR665-12
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: the Temple of Zeus, which stands on a prominence dominating the city, was built in about 165 AD, and has been badly damaged by earthquakes. It is under constant (French) restoration.
Keywords: Roman architecture, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, Gerasa, Gilead Hills, archeological site

PMR665-11
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: top part of the stone stairway, leading through another gate, to the Temple of Artemis, whose columns are just visible.
Keywords: Roman architecture, archeological site, Gilead Hills, Gerasa, national heritage, classical architecture, archeology, excavations, ruined city

PMR665-10
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: the well-preserved Nymphaeum on the Cardo Maximus, built about 191 AD, originally had a pool with fountains. a half-dome roof, and was faced with marble throughout.
Keywords: Roman architecture, archeological site, Gilead Hills, Gerasa, national heritage, classical architecture, archeology, excavations, ruined city

PMR665-09
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: remains of the monumental Propylaeum and stone stairway up to the Temple of Artemis, built 150-170 AD, and the most important temple in the city.
Keywords: Roman architecture, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, Gerasa, Gilead Hills, archeological site

PMR665-08
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: part of the colonnaded street, the Cardo Maximus, with original paving still bearing the tracks of cart wheels and complete with sidewalk and drainage sewers. The Corinthian columns mark the entrance to the Macellum or market place.
Keywords: Roman architecture, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, Gerasa, Gilead Hills, archeological site

PMR665-07
Jordan, Jerash: already settled in Neolithic times, Jerash was later occupied by Greeks and Romans, and the latter are responsible for most of the surviving architecture which dates from 64 BC. By the first/second century AD the town had a population of about 15-20,000 inhabitants and was known as "Gerasa".

This picture: the Triumphal Arch of Hadrian, built for the Emperor's visit in 129 AD, is under constant restoration.
Keywords: Roman architecture, ruined city, excavations, archeology, classical architecture, national heritage, Gerasa, Gilead Hills, archeological site

PMR664-12
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: the Obelisk Tomb, built by the Nabataeans in the first century BC on top of an earlier building, the Bab as-Siq Triclinium (a dining room for feasts), which has badly weathered Doric columns.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR664-11
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: heavily weathered rock-hewn tombs, one above another, with colourful ceilings.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR664-10
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: colourful sandstone bands in the rocks above typical cave tombs, with a boy on a donkey in the foreground.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR664-09
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: a stretch of the Colonnaded Way with original paving, with the facades of the Royal Tombs in the distance.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR664-08
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: weathered tombs and colourful rocks in Wadi al-Deir, from the "path of 800 steps".
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR664-07
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: the Hellenistic facade of Al-Deir ("The Monastery"), a remarkably well preserved Nabataean tomb, larger than the "Treasury", carved from the rock in the third century BC. Known as "The Monastery" due to subsequent use for Christian worship.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR664-06
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: visitors photographing the view from one of the look-out points above Al-Deir, where one can look over Wadi Araba towards Israel and Palestine.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR664-05
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: Al-Deir ("The Monastery"), a remarkably well preserved Nabataean tomb, larger than the "Treasury", carved from the rock in the third century BC; the forecourt was originally surrounded by columns. The town of Wadi Musa is visible in the distance.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR664-04
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: rugged scenery from one of the look-out points above Al-Deir, where visitors can look over Wadi Araba towards Israel and Palestine.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR664-03
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: Al-Deir ("The Monastery"), a remarkably well preserved Nabataean tomb, larger than the "Treasury", carved from the rock in the third century BC; the forecourt was originally surrounded by columns.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR664-02
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: two of the look-out points above Al-Deir, where visitors can look over Wadi Araba towards Israel and Palestine.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR664-01
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: Wadi ad-Deir: the "path of 800 steps" leading down from Al-Deir ("The Monastery").
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR663-12
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: cave tombs in the colourful rocks close to the museum.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR663-11
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: the Temple of the Winged Lions: some of the heavily weathered reconstructed columns.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR663-10
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: the Great Temple, built by the Nabataeans in the first century BC, viewed from the opposite side of the valley, from the Temple of the Winged Lions.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR663-09
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: the Blue Church, so called for its four blue sandstone columns, was built by the Nabataeans using material from former buildings.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR663-08
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: the Great Temple, built by the Nabataeans in the first century BC: view of the entire building from above, showing the lower temenos with its triple colonnade.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR663-07
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: Qasr Al-Bint was probably the main temple of the Nabataeans, built about 30 BC, and one of the few free-standing buildings in Petra.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR663-06
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: Temenos Gateway, built in the second century AD, marked the entrance to the sacred area of the temple, at the end of the colonnaded way.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR663-05
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: the Great Temple, built by the Nabataeans in the first century BC, showing the well-preserved seats of the theatron, at the heart of the building.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR663-04
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: the Great Temple, built by the Nabataeans in the first century BC: view of the lower temenos with its triple colonnade, from the theatron. Opposite: the ruins of the Temple of the Winged Lions:
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR663-03
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: the "Silk" Tomb, although badly eroded, displays some remarkably coloured sandstone banding.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR663-02
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: the "Urn" Tomb, one of the Royal Tombs, probably built about 70 AD for Nabataean King Malichos II or Aretas IV, is surmounted by a large urn: the lower vaults are a Byzantine addition.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR663-01
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: patterns of colour in the weathered sandstone of Wadi Musa.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR662-12
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: interior of one of the rock-hewn tombs with niches for 3 sarcophagi, showing the vivid bands of coloured sandstone in the roof.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR662-11
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: the sandstone has weathered into fantastic forms near the Royal Tombs, like this natural cave where some of the bands of colour are visible.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR662-10
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: the sandstone has weathered into fantastic forms near the Royal Tombs.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR662-09
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: the Theatre, built by the Nabataeans over 2000 years ago, was enlarged to a capacity of 8,500 persons by the Romans in the 2nd century AD, slicing through many rock tombs in the rear wall.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR662-08
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: Wadi Musa, with coloured sandstone in the foreground and one of the Royal Tombs in the cliff on the right.
Keywords: rose red city, Nabataean capital, natural caves, rock tombs, Roman architecture, Greek architecture, Egyptian architecture, archeological site, geology

PMR662-07
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: "Street of Facades", a necropolis of Nabataean tombs with minimal decoration, hewn into the rock face. Some of these tombs have ziggurat-style bands of decoration.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR662-06
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: "Street of Facades", a necropolis of Nabataean tombs with minimal decoration, hewn into the rock face.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR662-05
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: Nabataean tombs with "ziggurat" style facades, the much weathered sandstone showing bands of colour.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR662-04
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: "The Treasury" (Al-Khazneh), the Hellenistic facade of a tomb for the Nabataean King Aretas III, constructed circa 100-200 AD. In full sunshine, about 9 a.m.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR662-03
Jordan: Petra is a historical city dating back to about 500-600 BC, founded by the Nabataeans, whose capital it was. Lying in the Wadi Musa, many of its temples and tombs were carved out of the sandstone rock in gorges and in cliff faces, and some have been well preserved from erosion. The architecture shows evidence of Egyptian, and later, Graeco-Roman influence, but the Nabataeans had their own, distinctive style. The city in the desert thrived due to a well thought-out system of water control. Petra was designated a World Heritage Site on 6th December 1985.

This picture: "The Treasury" (Al-Khazneh), the Hellenistic facade of a tomb for the Nabataean King Aretas III, constructed circa 100-200 AD.
Keywords: rose red city, geology, archeological site, Egyptian architecture, Greek architecture, Roman architecture, rock tombs, natural caves, Nabataean capital

PMR650-09
Libya, Tripoli: a banner showing Colonel Muammar Gaddafi exorting environmental awareness on his people, hanging from the wall of Tripoli Castle or Red Castle (Al-Saraya al-Hamra), built on the site of the Roman castrum.
Keywords: Maghreb, architecture, street scene

PMR650-08
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The magnificent Arch of Septimius Severus built in 203 AD in the emperor's native town, is in a state of continual reconstruction. View from the south, showing the restored stone reliefs on the inside of the arches.
Keywords: Roman architecture, historical city, artistic, stone carving, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR650-07
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Bronze statue of Emperor Septimius Severus, a native of Leptis Magna, who ruled the empire from 193 to 211 AD.
Keywords: Roman architecture, historical city, artistic, stone carving, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR650-06
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Roman mausoleum in front of the museum.
Keywords: Roman architecture, historical city, artistic, stone carving, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR650-05
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The magnificent Arch of Septimius Severus built in 203 AD in the emperor's native town, is in a state of continual reconstruction. View from the north-west, looking along the Decumanus.
Keywords: Roman architecture, Punic architecture, Maghreb, archeology, archeological excavations, stone carving, artistic, historical city

PMR650-04
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

A row of stone column bases, with the re-erected columns on the top of the theatre cavea in the background.
Keywords: Roman architecture, historical city, artistic, stone carving, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR650-03
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The theatre is one of the oldest in the Roman world, dating from 1-2 AD. The stage was backed by a forest of graceful, fluted columns and statues, with entrances left, right and centre, added by Antoninus Pius between 138 and 161 AD.
A closer look at the columns backing the stage, all carefully reassembled from broken fragments.
Keywords: Roman architecture, Punic architecture, Maghreb, archeology, archeological excavations, stone carving, artistic, historical city

PMR650-02
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The theatre is one of the oldest in the Roman world, dating from 1-2 AD. The stage was backed by a forest of graceful, fluted columns and statues, with entrances left, right and centre, added by Antoninus Pius between 138 and 161 AD.
The left hand wing of the stage, with an inscription in Latin and Punic over the doorway.
Keywords: Roman architecture, historical city, artistic, stone carving, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR650-01
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

An impressive row of re-erected cipolin columns, mostly with capitals, part of the Post Scaenum Portico.
Keywords: Roman architecture, historical city, artistic, stone carving, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR649-12
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The theatre is one of the oldest in the Roman world, dating from 1-2 AD. The stage was backed by a forest of graceful, fluted columns and statues, with entrances left, right and centre, added by Antoninus Pius between 138 and 161 AD.
View from the top centre of the Cavea with the sea in the background. The VIPs sat on the first four rows, in front of the stone barrier.
Keywords: Roman architecture, historical city, artistic, stone carving, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR649-11
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The theatre is one of the oldest in the Roman world, dating from 1-2 AD. The stage was backed by a forest of graceful, fluted columns and statues, with entrances left, right and centre, added by Antoninus Pius between 138 and 161 AD.
Keywords: Roman architecture, historical city, artistic, stone carving, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR649-10
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Via Trionfale (Cardo) with the Arch of Trajan and the Arch of Tiberius.
Keywords: Roman architecture, historical city, artistic, stone carving, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR649-09
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The steps and remaining columns at the front of the Chalcidium, facing on to the Via Trionfale (Cardo). Inside was a colonnaded portico and temple to Augustus and Venus. Built in the first century AD by Augustus. The Arch of Trajan stands on the right.
Keywords: Roman architecture, historical city, artistic, stone carving, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR649-08
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

One of two octagonal market halls with stone counters for trading wares.
Keywords: Roman architecture, historical city, artistic, stone carving, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR649-07
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

A stone in the market, inscribed with linear measures:
top: Roman/Punic arm (51.5cm.)
middle: Roman/Alexandrine foot: (29.5cm.)
bottom: Greek/Ptolemaic arm (52.5cm.)
Keywords: Roman architecture, Punic architecture, Maghreb, archeology, archeological excavations, stone carving, artistic, historical city

PMR649-06
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The Byzantine Gate on the Via Trionfale (Cardo) built by the Emperor Justinian in the 6th century AD.
Keywords: Roman architecture, historical city, artistic, stone carving, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR649-05
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The ruins of the Temple of Liber Pater and the Temple of Roma and Augustus adjacent to the Old Forum.
Keywords: Roman architecture, historical city, artistic, stone carving, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR649-04
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Stele, standing in the Old Forum, originally with bronze inlaid lettering. An abbreviated translation in Punic appears at the bottom.
Keywords: Roman architecture, historical city, artistic, stone carving, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR649-03
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The remains of the Old Forum, enclosed by three temples on the left and a basilica on the right, with an Italian archeologist taking notes.
Keywords: Roman architecture, historical city, artistic, stone carving, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR649-02
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Adjacent to the north-eastern side of the Forum stood the Basilica of Septimius Severus, 92 metres long by 40 metres wide, the nave lined by red granite columns, some of which are presently lying in the Forum. Carved limestone column in the apse showing a Bachanalian figure mounted on a lion, which is standing on a vase.
Keywords: Roman architecture, Punic architecture, Maghreb, archeology, archeological excavations, stone carving, artistic, historical city

PMR649-01
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Adjacent to the north-eastern side of the Forum stood the Basilica of Septimius Severus, 92 metres long by 40 metres wide, the nave lined by red granite columns, some of which are presently lying in the Forum. Carved limestone columns in the apse, with scenes ornamented with vines and bunches of grapes.
Keywords: Roman architecture, historical city, artistic, stone carving, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR648-12
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Adjacent to the north-eastern side of the Forum stood the Basilica of Septimius Severus, 92 metres long by 40 metres wide, the nave lined by red granite columns, some of which are presently lying in the Forum.
Keywords: Roman architecture, historical city, artistic, stone carving, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR648-11
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The New Forum of Septimius Severus, laid out during his reign (193-211 AD), originally surrounded by colonnaded porticoes, was ruined in the great earthquake of 365 AD.
One of the carved heads of Medusa which were mounted all round the interior of the Forum.
Keywords: Roman architecture, historical city, artistic, stone carving, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR648-10
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The New Forum of Septimius Severus, laid out during his reign (193-211 AD), originally surrounded by colonnaded porticoes, was ruined in the great earthquake of 365 AD.
Keywords: Roman architecture, historical city, artistic, stone carving, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR648-09
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The outer wall of the New Forum of Septimius Severus which he laid out between 193 and 211 AD to replace the old forum.
Keywords: Roman architecture, Punic architecture, Maghreb, archeology, archeological excavations, stone carving, artistic, historical city

PMR648-08
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The Laconica (sweat bath) with columned surround in the enormous Baths of Hadrian, opened around 130 AD, soon after the city was provided with running water. The building was commissioned by the Emperor Hadrian.
Keywords: Roman architecture, historical city, artistic, stone carving, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR648-07
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The Natatio (swimming pool and entrance hall) in front of the enormous Baths of Hadrian, opened around 130 AD, soon after the city was provided with running water. The building was commissioned by the Emperor Hadrian. The Palaestra is visible in the background.
Keywords: Roman architecture, historical city, artistic, stone carving, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR648-06
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The wall of the Frigidarium (the largest hall) of the enormous Baths of Hadrian, opened around 130 AD, soon after the city was provided with running water. The building was commissioned by the Emperor Hadrian.
Keywords: Roman architecture, Punic architecture, Maghreb, archeology, archeological excavations, stone carving, artistic, historical city

PMR648-05
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The columned Palaestra in front of the enormous Baths of Hadrian, opened around 130 AD, soon after the city was provided with running water. The building was commissioned by the Emperor Hadrian.
Keywords: Roman architecture, historical city, artistic, stone carving, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR648-03
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The magnificent Arch of Septimius Severus built in 203 AD in the emperor's native town, is in a state of continual reconstruction. Details of the fluted Corinthian columns with pediment and the carved floral decoration.
Keywords: Roman architecture, Punic architecture, Maghreb, archeology, archeological excavations, stone carving, artistic, historical city

PMR648-02
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The magnificent Arch of Septimius Severus built in 203 AD in the emperor's native town, is in a state of continual reconstruction. The Arch of Antoninus Pius is visible in the distance to the north-west along the Decumanus.
Keywords: Roman architecture, Punic architecture, Maghreb, archeology, archeological excavations, stone carving, artistic, historical city

PMR648-01
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Leptis Magna. The city was founded by Phoenician colonists about 1100 BC but became part of the Roman Empire when Carthage fell in the Third Punic War, in 146 BC. It became the largest and most prosperous city in Roman Africa. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The amphitheatre was built on a hillside about 3 kilometres from the centre, in the first century AD, and held about 16,000 spectators.
Keywords: Roman architecture, Punic architecture, Maghreb, archeology, archeological excavations, stone carving, artistic, historical city

PMR647-12
Libya, Tripolitania, Abu Nijayn: the ruins of a Roman outpost of the "Limes Tripolitanus" stand isolated in the desert, after being dug out of the sand. General view of the scant remaining walls of the outpost.
Keywords: Maghreb, Bu Ngem, Abou Njam, barren, sand-dune landscape, sand dunes, Sahara Desert, Roman architecture, excavations

PMR647-11
Libya, Tripolitania, Abu Nijayn: the ruins of a Roman outpost of the "Limes Tripolitanus" stand isolated in the desert, after being dug out of the sand. The former entrance gate.
Keywords: Maghreb, excavations, Roman architecture, Sahara Desert, sand dunes, sand-dune landscape, barren, Abou Njam, Bu Ngem

PMR647-06
Libya, Fezzan, Garama: ruined site of the Garamantian capital city, founded in about the first century AD, with mud brick buildings. Partially excavated by the Italians in the 1930s. Foundations of a stone building from Roman times.
Keywords: Maghreb, Roman architecture, Garamantes, Sahara Desert, sand dunes, sand-dune landscape, barren

PMR647-04
Libya, Fezzan, Garama: ruined site of the Garamantian capital city, founded in about the first century AD, with mud brick buildings. Partially excavated by the Italians in the 1930s. Evidence of Roman influence - a wellhead of hewn stone and the lower walls of a stone building in the background.
Keywords: Maghreb, Roman architecture, Garamantes, Sahara Desert, sand dunes, sand-dune landscape, barren

PMR641-07
Libya: view of the surrounding barren landscape from a ruined Roman/Byzantine fortress standing on a hill at Gariyat.
Keywords: Roman architecture, castle, fortifications, fortress, Maghreb, Byzantine architecture

PMR641-06
Libya: Ghadames, a Tuareg town, population about 7000, lies approximately 500 miles south-west of Tripoli. It dates back probably to about 3000 BC, thriving in Roman, Byzantine and Arab times. The houses in the old town are all of baked mud, and many of the alleys are enclosed with vaulting as protection from the sun. A UNESCO World Heritage Site.

View over the flat-roofed mud houses towards the adjacent date palms.
Keywords: Maghreb, ancient town, historic town, Berber

PMR641-05
Libya: Ghadames, a Tuareg town, population about 7000, lies approximately 500 miles south-west of Tripoli. It dates back probably to about 3000 BC, thriving in Roman, Byzantine and Arab times. The houses in the old town are all of baked mud, and many of the alleys are enclosed with vaulting as protection from the sun. A UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Some of the gardens, with high mud walls and numerous date palms.
Keywords: Maghreb, ancient town, historic town, Berber

PMR641-03
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Sabratha, founded about 500 BC as a Phoenician trading post, later being Romanised after Carthage fell to the Romans in the Third Punic War in 146 BC. It reached its apogee under the Emperor Septimius Severus in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, but was severely damaged in an earthquake in 365 AD. After the Arab conquest it lost all importance to Leptis Magna. A UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1982.

The stage of the well-preserved theatre, dating from 190 AD, with its three-tiered facade incorporating 108 fluted Corinthian columns, and finely carved semi-circular niches in the front of the stage.
Keywords: Roman architecture, artistic, stone carving, archeological excavations, archeology, Maghreb, Punic architecture

PMR641-02
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Sabratha, founded about 500 BC as a Phoenician trading post, later being Romanised after Carthage fell to the Romans in the Third Punic War in 146 BC. It reached its apogee under the Emperor Septimius Severus in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, but was severely damaged in an earthquake in 365 AD. After the Arab conquest it lost all importance to Leptis Magna. A UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1982.

The headless statue of Flavius Tullus on a fountain at the corner of the Antonine Temple. He was the commissioner of the aqueduct which supplied the city with its water.
Keywords: Roman architecture, Punic architecture, Maghreb, archeology, archeological excavations, stone carving, artistic

PMR641-01
Libya, Tripolitania: ruins of the ancient city of Sabratha, founded about 500 BC as a Phoenician trading post, later being Romanised after Carthage fell to the Romans in the Third Punic War in 146 BC. It reached its apogee under the Emperor Septimius Severus in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, but was severely damaged in an earthquake in 365 AD. After the Arab conquest it lost all importance to Leptis Magna. A UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1982.

An example of the inspired stone carving on a piece of fallen masonry, with the capital of a Corinthian column behind.
Keywords: Roman architecture, Punic architecture, Maghreb, archeology, archeological excavations, stone carving, artistic

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Travel Photographer Munich, Bavaria, DE